TAM receptors mediate the Fpr2-driven pain resolution and fibrinolysis after nerve injury.

Nerve injury causes neuropathic pain and multilevel nerve barrier disruption. Nerve barriers consist of perineurial, endothelial and myelin barriers. So far, it is unclear whether resealing nerve barriers fosters pain resolution and recovery.

Incidence and treatment of complex regional pain syndrome after surgery: analysis of claims data from Germany.

Introduction: Complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) is a rare complication after limb injuries. Early recognition of the symptomatology and interdisciplinary interventions are essential to prevent long-term disability and pain.

Objective: This article presents results on the incidence of CRPS after surgery in Germany and treatments used by patients with CRPS, using claims data from the BARMER, a German nationwide health care insurance.

Bone metabolism in complex regional pain syndrome.

Introduction: Patients with complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) often show disturbed bone metabolism, assessed using three-phase bone scintigraphy (TPBS). However, current methods lack automation and standardisation. Bone serum markers have been proposed as biomarkers, but their utility is unclear.

The Incidence and Risk Factors of Persistent Opioid Use After Surgery—a Retrospective Secondary Data Analysis.

Background: The risk of persistent postoperative opioid use (PPOU) and its association with the type of surgery are still unclear in Germany.

Methods: We conducted a nationwide retrospective cohort study on the basis of claims data from BARMER, a statutory health insurance carrier in Germany. Opioid-naive adults who did not have cancer and who underwent inpatient surgery in 2018 were included in the study.

Monitoring Everyday Upper Extremity Function in Patients with Complex Regional Pain Syndrome: A Secondary, Retrospective Analysis from ncRNAPain.

Objective: Complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) represents a rare complication following injury to a limb. The DASH questionnaire (disability of arm, shoulder, and hand) evaluates everyday arm function. We assessed the DASH and its subitems in comparison to patients with brachial plexus lesions or fracture controls, analysed it over time, and in relation to active range of motion (ROM), to determine patients' impairment and trajectory.

Differential effects of everyday-life social support on chronic pain.

Background: Social support is a multidimensional construct encompassing emotional support as well as pain-focused care and attention, also known as solicitous support. One the one hand, social support is widely believed to positively influence pain symptoms, their intensity, and the ability to cope and influence pain. On the other hand, social support can be negative if it conflicts with the patient's needs or even causes discomfort.

Avoidance and Endurance Responses to Pain Before and with Advanced Chronification: Preliminary Results from a Questionnaire Survey in Adult Patients with Non-Cancer Pain Conditions.

Purpose: The Avoidance-Endurance Model postulates fear-avoidance responses and endurance responses as important psychological mechanisms in the development and maintenance of chronic pain. The present study aims to investigate potential differences in avoidance and endurance responses to pain before and with advanced chronification.

Patients And Methods: Two samples of adults with non-cancer pain at two different stages of chronicity were compared: One with pain and risk factors for chronicity (n=26, part of the PAIN2020 project) and one with chronic pain (n=33 from a pain day care clinic).

Comparative Methods for Demystifying Spatial Transcriptomics.

Spatial Transcriptomics (ST), coined as the term for parallel RNA-Seq on cell populations ordered spatially on a histological tissue section, has recently become increasingly popular, especially in experiments where microfluidics-based single-cell sequencing fails, such as assays on neurons. ST platforms, like the 10x Visium technology investigated herein, therefore produce in a single experiment simultaneously thousands of RNA readouts, captured by an array of micrometer scale spots under the histological section. Therefore, a central challenge of analyzing ST experiments consists of analyzing the gene expression morphology of all spots to delineate clusters of similar cell mixtures, which are then compared to each other to identify up- or down-regulated marker genes.

The Effect of Everyday-Life Social Contact on Pain.

Pain is a biopsychosocial phenomenon, resulting from the interplay between physiological and psychological processes and social factors. Given that humans constantly interact with others, the effect of social factors is particularly relevant. Documenting the significance of the social modulation of pain, an increasing number of studies have investigated the effect of social contact on subjective pain intensity and pain-related physiological changes.

Bilateral deficiency of Meissner corpuscles and papillary microvessels in patients with acute complex regional pain syndrome.

Complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) presents postinjury with disproportionate pain and neuropathic, autonomic, motor symptoms, and skin texture affection. However, the origin of these multiplex changes is unclear. Skin biopsies offer a window to analyze the somatosensory and vascular system as well as skin trophicity with their protecting barriers.

Transient immune activation without loss of intraepidermal innervation and associated Schwann cells in patients with complex regional pain syndrome.

Background: Complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) develops after injury and is characterized by disproportionate pain, oedema, and functional loss. CRPS has clinical signs of neuropathy as well as neurogenic inflammation. Here, we asked whether skin biopsies could be used to differentiate the contribution of these two systems to ultimately guide therapy.

Myelin barrier breakdown, mechanical hypersensitivity, and painfulness in polyneuropathy with claudin-12 deficiency.

Background: The blood-nerve and myelin barrier shield peripheral neurons and their axons. These barriers are sealed by tight junction proteins, which control the passage of potentially noxious molecules including proinflammatory cytokines via paracellular pathways. Peripheral nerve barrier breakdown occurs in various neuropathies, such as chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy (CIDP) and traumatic neuropathy.

Stabilizing the neural barrier - A novel approach in pain therapy.

Chronic and neuropathic pain are a widespread burden. Incomplete understanding of underlying pathomechanisms is one crucial factor for insufficient treatment. Recently, impairment of the blood nerve barrier (BNB) has emerged as one key aspect of pain initiation and maintenance.

Bortezomib induced peripheral neuropathy and single nucleotide polymorphisms in PKNOX1.

We analyzed single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in PKNOX1 (rs2839629) and in the intergenic region between PKNOX1 and CBS (rs915854) by Sanger sequencing in 88 patients with multiple myeloma treated with bortezomib. All patients (n = 13) harboring a homozygous mutation in PKNOX1 (rs2839629) also had a homozygous mutated rs915854 genotype. Homozygous mutated genotypes of rs2839629 and rs915854 were significantly enriched in patients with painful peripheral neuropathy (PNP) (P < 0.

Systemic inflammatory markers in patients with polyneuropathies.

Introduction: In patients with peripheral neuropathies (PNP), neuropathic pain is present in 50% of the cases, independent of the etiology. The pathophysiology of pain is poorly understood, and inflammatory processes have been found to be involved in neuro-degeneration, -regeneration and pain. While previous studies have found a local upregulation of inflammatory mediators in patients with PNP, there is a high variability described in the cytokines present systemically in sera and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF).

Neurofilament light chain levels indicate acute axonal damage under bortezomib treatment.

Introduction: Bortezomib (BTZ) is a selective and reversible proteasome inhibitor and first line treatment for multiple myeloma (MM). One of the side effects is BTZ-induced peripheral neuropathy (BIPN). Until now there is no biomarker which can predict this side effect and its severity.

Molecular and clinical markers of pain relief in complex regional pain syndrome: An observational study.

Background: Complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) is marked by disproportionate pain after trauma. Whilst the long-term outcome is crucial to patients, predictors or biomarkers of the course of pain or CRPS symptoms are still lacking. In particular, microRNAs, such as miR-223, decreased in CRPS, have been described only in cross-sectional studies.

Unbiased analysis of the dorsal root ganglion after peripheral nerve injury: no neuronal loss, no gliosis, but satellite glial cell plasticity.

Pain syndromes are often accompanied by complex molecular and cellular changes in dorsal root ganglia (DRG). However, the evaluation of cellular plasticity in the DRG is often performed by heuristic manual analysis of a small number of representative microscopy image fields. In this study, we introduce a deep learning-based strategy for objective and unbiased analysis of neurons and satellite glial cells (SGCs) in the DRG.

MicroRNA-21-5p functions via RECK/MMP9 as a proalgesic regulator of the blood nerve barrier in nerve injury.

Both nerve injury and complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) can result in chronic pain. In traumatic neuropathy, the blood nerve barrier (BNB) shielding the nerve is impaired-partly due to dysregulated microRNAs (miRNAs). Upregulation of microRNA-21-5p (miR-21) has previously been documented in neuropathic pain, predominantly due to its proinflammatory features.