A Scoping Review of Corticosterone-Induced Changes in Ionotropic Glutamate Receptor Levels and Localization in the Rodent Brain: Implications for the Auditory System.

Background: The ionotropic glutamate receptor AMPA (AMPAR) mediates fast excitatory synaptic transmission and regulates synaptic strength in various parts of the CNS. Emotional challenges can affect these processes by influencing AMPAR levels and localization via stress hormones, resulting, e.g.

Multiple Mutations-A Genetic Marker for Extracapsular Spread in Human Papillomavirus/p16-Positive Oropharyngeal Carcinoma.

Background: In the 8th edition of the TNM classification, extracapsular spread (ECS) became a factor in classifying the UICC stage of oropharyngeal carcinomas (OPSCC). We aimed to find genetic markers for ECS and to identify differences between HPV/p16-positive and HPV/p16-negative cases.

Methods: We performed targeted next-generation sequencing on 99 samples of operable OPSCC and a retrospective analysis of clinical data.

Mammalian Inner Ear-Resident Immune Cells-A Scoping Review.

Background: Several studies have demonstrated the presence of resident immune cells in the healthy inner ear.

Aim: This scoping review aimed to systematize this knowledge by collecting the data on resident immune cells in the inner ear of different species under steady-state conditions.

Methods: The databases PubMed, MEDLINE (Ovid), CINAHL (EBSCO), and LIVIVO were used to identify articles.

Real-world data show sustained therapeutic effects of dupilumab in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) over 3 years.

Background: Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) is a prevalent chronic inflammatory condition affecting the nose and paranasal sinuses, posing a significant socio-economic impact with substantial challenges in management. Biologics targeting type 2 inflammation such as dupilumab, have emerged as promising options. This study addresses a critical knowledge gap by comprehensively evaluating the 3-year impact of sustained dupilumab therapy in CRSwNP.

Biologics Reduce Symptoms of Alcohol Intolerance Better than Aspirin Desensitization in Patients with N-ERD and Nasal Polyps.

Background: Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) exacerbated respiratory disease (N-ERD) is associated with chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP), asthma, and NSAID hypersensitivity. An overproduction of leukotrienes characterizes the pathomechanism of the disease. N-ERD patients often report breathing difficulties after consuming alcohol.

Electrical Ear Canal Stimulation as a Therapeutic Approach for Tinnitus-A Proof of Concept Study.

Tinnitus-the perception of sound despite the absence of an external source-can be a debilitating condition for which there are currently no pharmacological remedies. Our proof of concept study focused on the immediate effects of non-invasive electrical stimulation through the ear canal on loudness and tinnitus-induced distress. In addition, we aimed to identify variables that may affect the simulation outcomes.

[Importance of aspirin challenges in patients with NSAID-exacerbated respiratory disease].

Background: Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug-exacerbated respiratory disease (N-ERD) is often characterized by a severe course of chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP), comorbid asthma, and NSAID hypersensitivity. The gold standard for N-ERD diagnosis is challenge with acetylsalicylic acid (ASA). In expert recommendations, the diagnosis of N-ERD is established based on a plausible positive history of NSAID hypersensitivity and CRSwNP with asthma.

A systematic review of the clinical evidence for an association between type I hypersensitivity and inner ear disorders.

Inner ear disorders have a variety of causes, and many factors can contribute to the exacerbation of cochlear and vestibular pathology. This systematic review aimed to analyze clinical data on the coexistence and potential causal interaction between allergic diseases and inner ear conditions. A search of PubMed and Web of Science identified 724 articles, of which 21 were selected for full-text analysis based on inclusion and exclusion criteria.

Sustained Cognitive Improvement in Patients over 65 Two Years after Cochlear Implantation.

This study aimed to evaluate the long-term benefits of cochlear implantation (CI) on cognitive performance, speech perception, and psychological status in post-lingually deafened patients older than 65 ( = 33). Patients were consecutively enrolled in this prospective study and assessed before, one year after, and two years after CI for speech perception, depressive symptoms, perceived stress, and working memory and processing speed. The Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS) was used for the latter.

Clinical Applicability of Ultrasound Shear Wave Elastography in Patients under Hypoglossal Nerve Stimulation Therapy.

Unlabelled: Relationship between stiffness of genioglossi (GG) and geniohyoidei (GH) muscles under electric hypoglossal nerve stimulation therapy (HNS) in relation to success of therapy was investigated with additional special focus on tongue movement.

Patients And Methods: Clinical and sleep laboratory parameters of a cohort of 18 patients with known shear wave velocity (SWV) data of the ipsilateral and contralateral musculi GG and GH (sGG, sGH and nGG, nGH) before and under HNS therapy were analyzed. The SWV was already determined using the ultrasonic shear wave elastography (US-SWE) technique.

The Diagnostic Performance of Multiparametric Ultrasound in the Qualitative Assessment of Inconclusive Cervical Lymph Nodes.

Background: Enlarged cervical lymph nodes (CLNs) can result from infection or malignancies, and a definitive diagnosis requires histological examination. Ultrasound (US) remains the first-line imaging modality for detection, and new US techniques may improve characterization. The aim of our study was to investigate whether the qualitative assessment of multiparametric US (mpUS) can improve diagnostic performance in the differentiation of benign and malignant CLNs.

[Cochlear implant and tinnitus].

Cochlear implant (CI) treatment is now established as a successful standard of care for auditory rehabilitation of profoundly deaf or severe hearing loss patients. CI candidates with tinnitus also benefit from improved health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and tinnitus burden. Current CI indications include bilateral (double-sided) profound hearing loss and deafness (DSD), unilateral (single-sided) deafness (SSD), and asymmetric hearing loss (AHL).

[Prospective comparative analysis of cochlear implant patients with single-sided deafness and asymmetric hearing loss with regard to health-related quality of life, tinnitus distress and psychological comorbidities].

Background: Patients with single-sided deafness (SSD) and asymmetric hearing loss (AHL) are increasingly being treated with cochlear implants (CI) due to the demonstrated improvements in auditory abilities and quality of life. To date, there are few published studies in which these two groups are comparatively studied. The aim of the current study was to examine which factors differ between those two patient groups, especially preoperatively.

Prognostic factors in surgically treated malignant salivary gland tumors.

Objectives: To identify prognostic factors for evidence-based risk stratification in malignant salivary gland tumors.

Methods: This retrospective study identified 162 patients who presented with malignant salivary gland tumors between 2010 and 2020. Final analysis included 91 patients who underwent surgical treatment at our institution and were followed-up for ≥ 1 year.

[Velopalatal coupling in sleep endoscopy: collapse-pattern based analysis of simulated airway opening].

Objective: Drug-induced sleep endoscopy (DISE) is an established diagnostic procedure to assess the upper airway in patients with obstructive sleep apnea. During DISE airway opening is regularly simulated by various maneuvers. One of them is mandibular advancement by the modified jaw-thrust maneuver (MJTM).

Patient-centered digital biomarkers for allergic respiratory diseases and asthma: The ARIA-EAACI approach - ARIA-EAACI Task Force Report.

Biomarkers for the diagnosis, treatment and follow-up of patients with rhinitis and/or asthma are urgently needed. Although some biologic biomarkers exist in specialist care for asthma, they cannot be largely used in primary care. There are no validated biomarkers in rhinitis or allergen immunotherapy (AIT) that can be used in clinical practice.

Subgroup Analysis of Overall Survival among Smoking and Non-Smoking Elderly Patients with HNSCC.

Smoking is a leading cause of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). However, non-smokers are also affected by HNSCC, and the prognostic factors applicable to older non-smokers with HNSCC are largely unknown. The aim of this study was to determine predictors of overall survival (OS) in patients both with and without a smoking history aged 70 and over at initial diagnosis.

Identification and Characterization of TMEM119-Positive Cells in the Postnatal and Adult Murine Cochlea.

Transmembrane protein 119 (TMEM119) is expressed in a subset of resident macrophage cells of the brain and was proposed as a marker for native brain microglia. The presence of cells expressing TMEM119 in the cochlea has not yet been described. Thus, the present study aimed to characterize the TMEM119-expressing cells of the postnatal and adult cochlea, the latter also after noise exposure.