Imaging analytical technique to assess gastrointestinal motility in vivo using zebrafish larvae with diabetes mellitus-like traits.

In diabetes mellitus (DM), the prevalence of gastrointestinal (GI) complications, including constipation, diarrhoea, gastroparesis, and/or enteropathy, can be up to ~75%. In this study, we compared three zebrafish larvae models of DM and established an analytical protocol for GI motility. Larvae were fed with either a standard diet (SD; control), or one of three diets to induce a DM-like phenotype: excessive feeding of SD food (ED), a high-fat diet (HFD), or exposing SD-fed larvae to 30 mmol/L glucose (SDG).

Small Fish Big Impact: Improving Nutrition during Pregnancy and Lactation, and Empowerment for Marginalized Women.

Undernutrition and micronutrient deficiencies such as anemia are considered significant public health challenges in Bangladesh, which enhancing fish consumption is a well-established food-based intervention to address these. This paper documents the establishment of community-based fish chutney production and reports the impact of its consumption on mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC) and hemoglobin (Hb) levels among targeted 150 pregnant and lactating women (PLW) in rural Bangladesh. A fish chutney was developed using locally available ingredients followed by a series of laboratory tests, including nutrient composition, shelf-life and food safety.

An Australian Football Themed Health Behaviour Change Intervention for Men With Cardiovascular Disease is Feasible and Acceptable: Results From a Feasibility Randomised Trial.

Background: Physical activity (PA) and weight management are critical for cardiovascular disease (CVD) secondary prevention. However, PA adherence during or after cardiac rehabilitation is low. Here, we assess the feasibility and acceptability of the Australian football-themed Aussie Fans in Training (Aussie-FIT) program and associated trial procedures when adapted for men with CVD.

Regional differences of tachykinin effects on smooth muscle and pacemaker potentials of the stomach, duodenum, ileum and colon of an emetic model, the house musk shrews.

Background And Aims: The contractile effects of tachykinins on the gastrointestinal tract are well-known, but how they modulate slow-waves, particularly in species capable of emesis, remains largely unknown. We aimed to elucidate the effects of tachykinins on myoelectric and contractile activity of isolated gastrointestinal tissues of the Suncus murinus.

Methods: The effects of substance P (SP), neurokinin (NK)A, NKB and selective NK (CP122,721, CP99,994), NK (SR48,968, GR159,897) and NK (SB218,795, SB222,200) receptor antagonists on isolated stomach, duodenum, ileum and colon segments were studied.

Detecting Mental Health Behaviors Using Mobile Interactions: Exploratory Study Focusing on Binge Eating.

Background: Binge eating is a subjective loss of control while eating, which leads to the consumption of large amounts of food. It can cause significant emotional distress and is often accompanied by purging behaviors (eg, meal skipping, overexercising, or vomiting).

Objective: The aim of this study was to explore the potential of mobile sensing to detect indicators of binge-eating episodes, with a view toward informing the design of future context-aware mobile interventions.

Involvement of TRPV1 and TRPA1 in the modulation of pacemaker potentials in the mouse ileum.

Background: The roles of transient receptor potential cation channel, subfamily V, member 1 (TRPV1) and subfamily A, member 1 (TRPA1) in mechanisms of gastrointestinal motility are complex. This study aimed to clarify the effects of several TRPV1 and TRPA1 ligands on the electrical potentials generated by pacemaker cells in the mouse-isolated ileum.

Method: The pacemaker potentials of ileal segments of mice were recorded extracellularly using a 60-channel microelectrode array.