Mandibular Defect Reconstitution: A Contaminated Caprine Model of Bone Regeneration.

Purpose: Mandibular reconstitution with bioabsorbable scaffolds seems feasible with the application of 3-dimensional printing combined with bioactive proteins. As yet, previous studies have been limited in number of animals and have avoided a contaminated defect. We present a caprine model of mandibular defect bone regeneration with a 3-dimensionally printed bioabsorbable scaffold contaminated with oral secretions and explore the impact of bone morphogenic protein in mandibular bone reconstitution.

Clinical impact of celiac ganglia metastasis upon pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.

Background: Pre-operative staging of pancreatic adenocarcinoma guides clinical decision making. Limited data indicate that metastasis to celiac ganglia (CG) correlates with poor prognosis. We investigated feasibility and safety of endoscopic ultrasound fine needle aspiration (EUS-FNA) detection of CG metastasis and its impact upon tumor stage, resectability, and survival in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC).

Assessment of The Bethesda System for Reporting Thyroid Cytopathology.

Objectives: Long-term follow-up is important for determining performance characteristics of thyroid fine-needle aspiration (FNA).

Methods: Histologic or 3 or more years of clinical follow-up was used to calculate performance characteristics of thyroid FNA before and after implementation of The Bethesda System for Reporting Thyroid Cytopathology (TBSRTC). The impact of noninvasive follicular thyroid neoplasm with papillary-like nuclear features (NIFTP) classification was also investigated.

Diffuse Adenomatosis and Hepatocellular Carcinoma Treated with Liver Transplantation in an Adolescent Female with Kabuki Syndrome with a Novel Gene Mutation.

Kabuki syndrome (KS) is a rare disorder primarily associated with mutations in the and genes. Several tumors have been reported with KS; however, there have been no reports of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) or hepatic adenomatosis. We present an adolescent girl with KS and a novel mutation who developed diffuse adenomatosis, HCC, and subsequently underwent liver transplantation.

Does Argininosuccinate Synthase 1 (ASS1) Immunohistochemistry Predict an Increased Risk of Hemorrhage for Hepatocellular Adenomas?

Hepatocellular adenomas (HCAs) often pursue an innocuous clinical course. Recent work has elucidated important subtypes of HCA and biomarkers to identify them, including HCA at an increased risk for malignant transformation. Another key complication of HCAs is the risk of spontaneous tumoral hemorrhage, which may be life-threatening.

Albumin In Situ Hybridization Can Be Positive in Adenocarcinomas and Other Tumors From Diverse Sites.

Objectives: Albumin messenger RNA (mRNA) expression is a marker of hepatocellular differentiation. Most published data are from review of tissue microarrays, and albumin in situ hybridization (ISH) expression across several tumor types is incompletely characterized.

Methods: Sections from 221 tumors were evaluated for albumin mRNA.

Safety, Diagnostic Accuracy, and Effects of Endoscopic Ultrasound Fine-Needle Aspiration on Detection of Extravascular Migratory Metastases.

Background & Aims: Tumor cells can migrate via diminutive perivascular cuffing to distant sites along blood vessels to form extravascular migratory metastases (EVMM). These metastases usually are identified during surgery or autopsies. We aimed to evaluate the feasibility and safety of endoscopic ultrasound fine-needle aspiration (EUS-FNA) of perivascular soft-tissue cuffs to detect EVMM.

Desmoid Fibromatosis Mimicking Metastatic Recurrence After Pancreatectomy for Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma.

Desmoid fibromatosis is a rare, neoplastic tumor known for its aggressive local invasion and recurrence after surgery. Tumors can occur sporadically or associated with familial adenomatous polyposis. We present 3 cases of desmoid fibromatosis postpancreatectomy for pancreatic adenocarcinoma.

Accuracy of Endoscopic Ultrasound Imaging in Distinguishing Celiac Ganglia From Celiac Lymph Nodes.

Background & Aims: Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) allows visualization of celiac lymph nodes (CLNs) and celiac ganglia (CG). Reliably distinguishing these structures is important for tumor staging and CG ablative therapies. We aimed to evaluate the accuracy of EUS in distinguishing CLNs from CG using a strict cytopathology reference standard.

Undifferentiated Pancreatic Carcinomas Display Enrichment for Frequency and Extent of PD-L1 Expression by Tumor Cells.

Objectives: Programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDA) has been described, but unselected PDAs have shown limited clinical responsiveness to anti-programmed death 1 (PD-1)/PD-L1 therapy.

Methods: We studied 24 cases of undifferentiated pancreatic carcinoma (UPC) using immunohistochemistry for PD-L1 (E1L3N clone), CD3, CD20, CD68, and DNA mismatch repair proteins in this study. Slides were scored for extent of PD-L1 expression on tumor cells and tumor-infiltrating immune cells.

Exchange transfusion for babesiosis when, how, and how long?

Babesiosis is a zoonotic disease transmitted by Ixodes ticks seen in the United States and parts of Europe. Because of the typically mild course of most infections, the disease is uncommonly seen in clinical practice. However, asplenic patients can develop a life-threatening infection.

Comprehensive Genomic Profiling of Central Giant Cell Lesions Identifies Clinically Relevant Genomic Alterations.

Purpose: Comprehensive genomic profiling (CGP) can simultaneously detect clinically relevant genomic alterations (CRGAs) in hundreds of cancer-related genes and direct treatment toward patient-specific therapy options for many tumors. This pilot study aimed to use CGP to describe CRGAs present in central giant cell lesions (CGCLs) to characterize any possible underlying genomic drivers of CGCLs.

Materials And Methods: With institutional review board approval, electronic medical records were searched for patients with histologically confirmed CGCLs who underwent biopsy at Mayo Clinic from 2000 through 2014.

Prognostic Significance of the Histologic Response of Perihilar Cholangiocarcinoma to Preoperative Neoadjuvant Chemoradiation in Liver Explants.

Perihilar cholangiocarcinoma (pCCA) has a dismal prognosis. Protocols incorporating chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and liver transplantation (LT) have emerged as curative options for unresectable tumors with 70% 5-year survival rates. We aimed to assess the value of extent of residual tumor (ERT) and other pathologic factors following chemoradiation in predicting outcome; 152 liver explants with pCCA treated with neoadjuvant chemoradiation and LT between 1993 and 2013 were reviewed for ERT, pathologic stage, histologic grade, and perineural and lymphovascular invasion.

Intracardiac juvenile xanthogranuloma with presentation in adulthood.

Juvenile xanthogranuloma is the most frequent type of non-Langerhans cell histiocytosis. It most commonly presents in infancy and early childhood; manifesting as cutaneous lesions on the head, neck, and trunk that suddenly appear and usually undergo spontaneous regression. Extracutaneous involvement, although rare, may occur along with the cutaneous form or in isolation.