Analysis of the Effects of Epidural Anesthesia on the Nociception Level Index (NOL) during Abdominal Surgery.

: The NOL system (PMD-200™ Nociception Level Monitor; Medasense Ltd., Ramat Gan, Israel) is used for the real-time detection of physiological nociception in anesthetized patients by assessing the parameters indicative of sympathetic activity, such as photoplethysmography, skin conductance, peripheral temperature, and accelerometry, which are quantified into the NOL-Index. This index is more sensitive than traditional clinical parameters in estimating pain and stress responses.

Characteristics and health outcomes associated with activation for self-management in patients with non-specific low back pain: A cross-sectional study.

Background: Research has shown that the course of non-specific low back pain (LBP) is influenced by, among other factors, patients' self-management abilities. Therefore, clinical guidelines recommend stimulation of self-management. Enhancing patients' self-management potentially can improve patients' health outcomes and reduce future healthcare costs for non-specific LBP.

Full 2π tunable phase modulation using avoided crossing of resonances.

Active metasurfaces have been proposed as one attractive means of achieving high-resolution spatiotemporal control of optical wavefronts, having applications such as LIDAR and dynamic holography. However, achieving full, dynamic phase control has been elusive in metasurfaces. In this paper, we unveil an electrically tunable metasurface design strategy that operates near the avoided crossing of two resonances, one a spectrally narrow, over-coupled resonance and the other with a high resonance frequency tunability.

Image polaritons in van der Waals crystals.

Polaritonic modes in low-dimensional materials enable strong light-matter interactions and the manipulation of light on nanometer length scales. Very recently, a new class of polaritons has attracted considerable interest in nanophotonics: image polaritons in van der Waals crystals, manifesting when a polaritonic material is in close proximity to a highly conductive metal, so that the polaritonic mode couples with its mirror image. Image modes constitute an appealing nanophotonic platform, providing an unparalleled degree of optical field compression into nanometric volumes while exhibiting lower normalized propagation loss compared to conventional polariton modes in van der Waals crystals on nonmetallic substrates.

Design framework for polarization-insensitive multifunctional achromatic metalenses.

Controlling the wavefront of light, especially on a subwavelength scale, is pivotal in modern optics. Metasurfaces present a unique platform for realizing flat lenses, called metalenses, with thicknesses on the order of the wavelength. Despite substantial effort, however, suppressing the chromatic aberrations over large operational bandwidths of metalenses still remains a challenge.

Associations of the Big Five and locus of control with problem gambling in a large Australian sample.

Gambling may range from being a recreational leisure activity to a behavioral addiction. A rising number of gamblers experience adverse consequences from gambling, termed problem gambling, which may become a challenge for the individual and society. With the present research, we aimed to investigate the correlates of problem gambling.

Real-space imaging of acoustic plasmons in large-area graphene grown by chemical vapor deposition.

An acoustic plasmon mode in a graphene-dielectric-metal structure has recently been spotlighted as a superior platform for strong light-matter interaction. It originates from the coupling of graphene plasmon with its mirror image and exhibits the largest field confinement in the limit of a sub-nm-thick dielectric. Although recently detected in the far-field regime, optical near-fields of this mode are yet to be observed and characterized.

Open Treatment for Unstable Osteochondritis Dissecans of the Knee: Autologous Bone Grafting and Bioabsorbable Fixation.

Osteochondritis dissecans is a common osteochondral abnormality affecting the knee. In unstable lesions, the underlying bone can be significantly abnormal and necessitate treatment. Although many techniques exist, we favor an open surgical approach to ensure that the bone is properly managed.

Early Ambulation After Hip Fracture Surgery Is Associated With Decreased 30-Day Mortality.

Introduction: Hip fractures frequently present in complicated patients and are fraught with high morbidity and mortality rates. Postoperatively, delayed ambulation has been identified as a factor associated with increased mortality, although its magnitude has yet to be quantified. Therefore, this article aims to evaluate mortality after hip fracture surgery because it relates to early postoperative ambulation, taking into account preexisting comorbidity burden.

Antibodies to Epstein-Barr virus and neurotropic viruses in multiple sclerosis and optic neuritis.

Antibody indices to Measles, Mumps, Varicella Zoster (MRZ) are of diagnostic value in multiple sclerosis (MS). Here, we have investigated, if this panel could be extended to increase diagnostic value. Samples from relapsing-remitting (RR) MS and optic neuritis (ON) patients were tested for reactivity to antigens from Epstein-Barr, Varicella Zoster, Measles, Mumps and Rubella (EMMRZ) viruses.

The Association Between Video Gaming and Psychological Functioning.

Video gaming is an extremely popular leisure-time activity with more than two billion users worldwide (Newzoo, 2017). However, the media as well as professionals have underscored the potential dangers of excessive video gaming. With the present research, we aimed to shed light on the relation between video gaming and gamers' psychological functioning.

Hand eczema patients' knowledge of skin protection following a guided talk-A retrospective study with a follow-up questionnaire.

Background: Several studies have assessed the effect of patient education regarding hand eczema (HE) severity and quality of life. Few studies, however, have evaluated patients' knowledge.

Objectives: To examine knowledge of skin protection in HE patients following a guided talk, and to identify variables associated with knowledge.

Elemental Stoichiometry and Photophysiology Regulation of Synechococcus sp. PCC7002 Under Increasing Severity of Chronic Iron Limitation.

Iron (Fe) is an essential cofactor for many metabolic enzymes of photoautotrophs. Although Fe limits phytoplankton productivity in broad areas of the ocean, phytoplankton have adapted their metabolism and growth to survive in these conditions. Using the euryhaline cyanobacterium Synechococcus sp.

Ocean acidification stimulates particulate organic carbon accumulation in two Antarctic diatom species under moderate and high natural solar radiation.

Impacts of rising atmospheric CO concentrations and increased daily irradiances from enhanced surface water stratification on phytoplankton physiology in the coastal Southern Ocean remain still unclear. Therefore, in the two Antarctic diatoms Fragilariopsis curta and Odontella weissflogii, the effects of moderate and high natural solar radiation combined with either ambient or future pCO on cellular particulate organic carbon (POC) contents and photophysiology were investigated. Results showed that increasing CO concentrations had greater impacts on diatom physiology than exposure to increasing solar radiation.

Reducing Opioid Use for Patients With Chronic Pain: An Evidence-Based Perspective.

The implementation of recent Centers for Disease Control and Prevention recommendations to move away from opioids and toward nonpharmacological therapies for the treatment of chronic pain could involve a difficult transition period for patients and practitioners. The focus of treatment should shift from eliminating pain completely to minimizing the impact of pain on quality of life. Many patients with chronic pain take opioids either because opioids were previously prescribed as a first-line treatment for chronic pain, on the basis of old standards of care, or because opioids were initially prescribed for acute pain.

Antibodies to a strain-specific citrullinated Epstein-Barr virus peptide diagnoses rheumatoid arthritis.

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic systemic autoimmune disease. Anti-citrullinated protein antibodies (ACPA) are crucial for the serological diagnosis of RA, where Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) has been suggested to be an environmental agent in triggering the onset of the disease. This study aimed to analyse antibody reactivity to citrullinated EBV nuclear antigen-2 (EBNA-2) peptides from three different EBV strains (B95-8, GD1 and AG876) using streptavidin capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.

Mechanisms underlying B cell immune dysregulation and autoantibody production in MuSK myasthenia gravis.

Pathogenic autoantibodies to muscle-specific tyrosine kinase (MuSK) can be found in patients with myasthenia gravis (MG) who do not have detectable antibodies to the acetylcholine receptor. Although the autoantibody-mediated pathology is well understood, much remains to be learned about the cellular immunology that contributes to autoantibody production. To that end, our laboratory has investigated particular components associated with the cellular immunopathology of MuSK MG.

Hyperkeratotic hand eczema compared to other subgroups of hand eczema - a retrospective study with a follow-up questionnaire.

Background: Only a few clinical trials on hand eczema have included further classification into subtypes, and there is a need for studies evaluating the present classifications.

Objectives: To examine differences in demographic factors, lifestyle factors and severity between subgroups of hand eczema patients, with a focus on hyperkeratotic hand eczema.

Methods: This was a retrospective study including hand eczema patients referred to the outpatient dermatological clinic, Bispebjerg Hospital, between January 2013 and July 2014.

The use of synthetic peptides for detection of anti-citrullinated protein antibodies in rheumatoid arthritis.

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease of unknown etiology. A characteristic feature of RA is the presence of anti-citrullinated protein antibodies (ACPA). Since ACPAs are highly specific for RA and are often present before the onset of RA symptoms, they have become valuable diagnostic and prognostic.

Movement-Related Activity of Human Subthalamic Neurons during a Reach-to-Grasp Task.

The aim of the study was to record movement-related single unit activity (SUA) in the human subthalamic nucleus (STN) during a standardized motor task of the upper limb. We performed microrecordings from the motor region of the human STN and registered kinematic data in 12 patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) undergoing deep brain stimulation surgery (seven women, mean age 62.0 ± 4.

Two Southern Ocean diatoms are more sensitive to ocean acidification and changes in irradiance than the prymnesiophyte Phaeocystis antarctica.

To better understand the impact of ocean acidification (OA) and changes in light availability on Southern Ocean phytoplankton physiology, we investigated the effects of pCO (380 and 800 µatm) in combination with low and high irradiance (20 or 50 and 200 µmol photons m  s ) on growth, particulate organic carbon (POC) fixation and photophysiology in the three ecologically relevant species Chaetoceros debilis, Fragilariopsis kerguelensis and Phaeocystis antarctica. Irrespective of the light scenario, neither growth nor POC per cell was stimulated by OA in any of the tested species and the two diatoms even displayed negative responses in growth (e.g.

Paraesophageal hernia repair in the emergency setting: is laparoscopy with the addition of a fundoplication the new gold standard?

Background: Laparoscopic repair of paraesophageal hernia (PEH) with fundoplication is currently the preferred elective strategy, but emergent cases are often done open without an anti-reflux (AR) procedure. This study examined PEH repair in elective and urgent/emergent settings and investigated patient characteristic influence on the use of adjunctive techniques, such as AR procedures or gastrostomy tube (GT) placement.

Methods: Utilizing the University HealthSystem Consortium Clinical Database Resource Manager, selected discharge data were retrieved using International Classification of Disease 9 diagnosis codes for PEH and procedure specific codes.