Integrated Approach for Allyl Amine Synthesis Combining the Decarboxylative Coupling of Arylacrylic Acids with the Petasis Reaction.

A metal-free multicomponent reaction strategy for synthesizing allyl amines through decarboxylative coupling combined with the Petasis reaction is described. Utilizing ()-3-(2,4,6-trimethoxyphenyl)acrylic acid, various boronic acids, a formaldehyde solution, and primary amines, the method operates efficiently without metal catalysts. Investigations reveal that electron-donating substituents in cinnamic acid derivatives significantly enhance reactivity, which is crucial for effective transformations.

In Vitro and In Silico Analysis of PTP1B Inhibitors from Leaves and Their Effect on Glucose Uptake.

As part of our ongoing research on new anti-diabetic compounds from ethnopharmacologically consumed plants, two previously undescribed lupane-type triterpenoids ( and ) with dicarboxylic groups, an undescribed nor-taraxastane-type triterpenoid (), and 14 known compounds (-) were isolated from the leaves of . Extensive spectroscopic analysis (IR, HRESIMS, 1D, and 2D NMR) was used for structure elucidation, while the known compounds were compared to reference data reported in the scientific literature. All the isolates (-) were evaluated for their inhibitory effects on the protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) enzyme.

Insulin-mimetic activity of 23-glycosyl oleanane triterpenoids isolated from Gymnema latifolium.

Chemical investigation of the plant Gymnema latifolium led to the isolation of seven undescribed 23-glycosyl oleanane triterpenoids, gymlatinosides GLF1-GLF7, and two known compounds, gymnemosides D and E. The structures of the isolated compounds were elucidated using diverse spectroscopic methods. The extract of G.

Benzylisoquinoline Alkaloids from the Stems of and Their Potential as Autophagy Inhibitors.

is traditionally used to treat depression and affective disorders in Malaysia. The chemical compositions have been reported to include bisbenzylisoquinoline and aporphine-type alkaloids in the genus Lour., but studies on the components of have rarely been reported.

Triterpenoid saponins from the leaves and stems of Pericampylus glaucus and their insulin mimetic activities.

During an attempt to discover insulin mimetics, thirteen new triterpenoid saponins (1-13), including three phytolaccagenic acids (1, 2, and 12) and ten serjanic acids (3-11 and 13), as aglycones were isolated from a 70% ethanol extract of leaves and stems from Pericampylus glaucus. The chemical structures of compounds 1-13 were determined through spectroscopic data analysis, including NMR, IR, and HRESIMS. All isolated compounds (1-13) were evaluated using 2-deoxy-2-[(7-nitro-2,1,3-benzoxadiazol-4-yl)amino]-d-glucose (2-NBDG) as a fluorescent-tagged glucose probe to determine their stimulatory effects on glucose uptake in differentiated 3 T3-L1 adipocyte cells.

Effects of Sodium Selenite Injection on Serum Metabolic Profiles in Women Diagnosed with Breast Cancer-Related Lymphedema-Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Placebo-Controlled Trial Using Global Metabolomics.

In our previous study, intravenous (IV) injection of selenium alleviated breast cancer-related lymphedema (BCRL). This secondary analysis aimed to explore the metabolic effects of selenium on patients with BCRL. Serum samples of the selenium-treated (SE, = 15) or the placebo-controlled (CTRL, = 14) groups were analyzed by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography with Q-Exactive Orbitrap tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-Q-Exactive Orbitrap/MS).

Flavanonol Glycosides from the Stems of and Their Neuroprotective Activities.

The accumulation of amyloid beta (A) peptides is common in the brains of patients with Alzheimer's disease, who are characterized by neurological cognitive impairment. In the search for materials with inhibitory activity against the accumulation of the A peptide, seven undescribed flavanonol glycosides (-) and five known compounds (-) were isolated from stems of by HPLC-qTOF MS/MS-based molecular networking. Interestingly, this plant has been used as a folk medicine for the treatment of various inflammatory conditions.

Time-resolved in situ visualization of the structural response of zeolites during catalysis.

Zeolites are three-dimensional aluminosilicates having unique properties from the size and connectivity of their sub-nanometer pores, the Si/Al ratio of the anionic framework, and the charge-balancing cations. The inhomogeneous distribution of the cations affects their catalytic performances because it influences the intra-crystalline diffusion rates of the reactants and products. However, the structural deformation regarding inhomogeneous active regions during the catalysis is not yet observed by conventional analytical tools.

An unprecedented single platform via cross-linking of zeolite and MOFs.

The unprecedented ternary nanocomposites have been synthesized as a single platform via cross-linking of two nanoporous materials, MOFs and Pt nanoparticle (NP) loaded zeolite. The heterojunction of the novel nanocomposites is anticipated to work as a chemical platform for size selective catalytic hydrogenation or deuteration of small molecules.

Formation of Frustrated Lewis Pairs in Ptx -Loaded Zeolite NaY.

The formation of a frustrated Lewis pair consisting of sodium hydride (Na(+) H(-) ) and a framework-bound hydroxy proton O(H(+) ) is reported upon H2 treatment of zeolite NaY loaded with Pt nanoparticles (Ptx /NaY). Frustrated Lewis pair formation was confirmed using in situ neutron diffraction and spectroscopic measurements. The activity of the intrazeolite NaH as a size-selective catalyst was verified by the efficient esterification of acetaldehyde (a small aldehyde) to form the corresponding ester ethyl acetate, whereas esterification of the larger molecule benzaldehyde was unsuccessful.

Gomisin J Inhibits Oleic Acid-Induced Hepatic Lipogenesis by Activation of the AMPK-Dependent Pathway and Inhibition of the Hepatokine Fetuin-A in HepG2 Cells.

The aim of our study is to investigate the molecular mechanism of gomisin J from Schisandra chinensis on the oleic acid (OA)-induced lipid accumulation in HepG2 cells. Gomisin J attenuated lipid accumulation in OA-induced HepG2 cells. It also suppressed the expression of lipogenic enzymes and inflammatory mediators and increased the expression of lipolytic enzymes in OA-induced HepG2 cells.

Cassia tora Seed Extract and Its Active Compound Aurantio-obtusin Inhibit Allergic Responses in IgE-Mediated Mast Cells and Anaphylactic Models.

Cassia tora seed is widely used due to its various biological properties including anticancer, antidiabetic, and anti-inflammatory effects. However, there has been no report of the effects of C. tora seed extract (CTE) on immunoglobulin E (IgE)-mediated allergic responses.

Ergosterol peroxide from Chaga mushroom (Inonotus obliquus) exhibits anti-cancer activity by down-regulation of the β-catenin pathway in colorectal cancer.

Aim Of The Study: In this study, we examined the effect of different fractions and components of Chaga mushroom (Inonotus Obliquus) on viability and apoptosis of colon cancer cells. Among them, one component showed the most effective growth inhibition and was identified as ergosterol peroxide by NMR analysis. We investigated the anti-proliferative and apoptosis mechanisms of ergosterol peroxide associated with its anti-cancer activities in human colorectal cancer (CRC) cell lines and tested its anti-tumor effect on colitis-induced CRC developed by Azoxymethane (AOM)/Dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) in a mouse model.

Youngiasides A and C Isolated from Youngia denticulatum Inhibit UVB-Induced MMP Expression and Promote Type I Procollagen Production via Repression of MAPK/AP-1/NF-κB and Activation of AMPK/Nrf2 in HaCaT Cells and Human Dermal Fibroblasts.

This study investigated the effects of youngiaside A (YA), youngiaside C (YC), and Youngia denticulatum extract (YDE) on extrinsic aging and assessed its molecular mechanisms in UVB-irradiated HaCaT keratinocytes and human dermal fibroblasts (HDFs). The results showed that YA, YC, and YDE decreased matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) expression and production in HaCaT cell and HDFs and increased collagen expression and production in HDFs. In addition, YA, YC, and YDE significantly increased antioxidant enzyme expression, thereby down-regulating UVB-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and ROS-induced mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and activator protein-1 (AP-1) signaling in HaCaT cells.

Preparative isolation and purification of phlorotannins from Ecklonia cava using centrifugal partition chromatography by one-step.

Various bioactive phlorotannins of Ecklonia cava (e.g., dieckol, eckol, 6,6-bieckol, phloroglucinol, phloroeckol, and phlorofucofuroeckol-A) are reported.

Apigenin isolated from Daphne genkwa Siebold et Zucc. inhibits 3T3-L1 preadipocyte differentiation through a modulation of mitotic clonal expansion.

Aims: Obesity develops when energy intake chronically exceeds total energy expenditure. We sought to assess whether the flavonoid-rich fraction of crude extracts from Daphne genkwa Siebold et Zuccarini (GFF) might inhibit adipogenesis of 3T3-L1 cells.

Main Methods: Cell viability of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes was assessed by MTT assays, and lipid accumulation was measured by Oil Red O.

Thermal expansivity of ionic clathrate hydrates including gaseous guest molecules.

Although thermal expansion is a key factor in relation to the host-guest interaction of clathrate hydrates, few studies have investigated the thermal behavior of ionic clathrate hydrates. The existence of ionic species in these hydrates creates a unique host-guest interaction compared to that of nonionic clathrate hydrates. It was revealed that X-ray diffraction cannot be used for research of tetramethylammonium hydroxide clathrate hydrates due to damage of the cations by the X-ray, which results in abnormal thermal expansion of the ionic clathrate hydrates.

Neuroprotective properties of gallic acid from Sanguisorbae radix on amyloid beta protein (25--35)-induced toxicity in cultured rat cortical neurons.

Our previous studies reported that methanol extract of Sanguisorbae radix from Sanguisorba officinalis L. (Rosaceae) prevented neuronal cell damage induced by Abeta (25-35) in vitro. The present study was carried out to investigate the effect of gallic acid isolated from Sanguisorbae radix on Abeta (25-35)-induced neurotoxicity using cultured rat cortical neurons.

Characterization of molecular linkages placed between zeolite microcrystal monolayers and a substrate with X-ray reflectivity.

We prepared silicalite-1 microcrystal (MC) monolayers on a Si wafer using two different types of molecular linkages, namely, through chloropropyl (CP) groups and through CP/polyethylene imine/CP groups. Whereas the scanning electron microscope images of the two MC monolayers look very much alike but hardly give any information on the nature of molecular linkage between the monolayers and the substrate, their reflectivity curves are distinctively different, despite the fact that the thicknesses of the molecular linkage layers ( approximately 10-20 A) are negligibly small compared to the thicknesses of MC monolayers, ( approximately 3200 A). On the basis of the atomic force microscopic images of the MC surfaces, a rough surface layer with the thickness of approximately 160 A was introduced onto the surface of each MC to conduct a meaningful simulation of the curves with the recursive Parratt formalism.

Beta-secretase (BACE1) inhibitors from Sanguisorbae Radix.

In the course of screening anti-dementia agents from natural products, two beta-secretase (BACE1) inhibitors were isolated from the ethyl acetate soluble fraction of Sanguisorbae Radix by the activity-guided purification using silica gel, Sephadex LH-20, and RP-HPLC. They were identified as 1,2,3-trigalloyl-4,6-hexahydroxydiphenoyl-beta-D-glucopyranoside (Tellimagrandin II, 1) and 1,2,3,4,6-pentagalloyl-beta-D-glucopyranoside (2) and were shown to non-competitively inhibit beta-secretase (BACE1) with the IC50 values of 3.10x10(-6) M and 3.

A beta-secretase (BACE1) inhibitor hispidin from the mycelial cultures of Phellinus linteus.

In the course of screening for anti-dementia agents from natural products, a beta-secretase (BACE1) inhibitor was isolated from the culture broth of Phellinus linteus and identified as hispidin. It showed an IC (50) value of 4.9 x 10 (-6) M and a Ki value of 8.

A prolyl endopeptidase-inhibiting antioxidant from Phyllanthus ussurensis.

A prolyl endopeptidase inhibitor was isolated from the ethyl acetate soluble fraction of Phyllanthus ussurensis. The active compound was identified as an ellagitannin, corilagin. It was shown to non-competitively inhibit prolyl endopeptidase (PEP) with the IC50 value of 1.