Revisited Arterial Supply of the Anterior Ear.

Background: Since arterial supply of the anterior ear was described in 1992 by Park et al, various anatomical studies and surgical techniques have been published in the literatures. Although anatomic studies about the vascular pattern of the ear have been previously reported, most were incomplete to understand the vascular anatomy of the ear and its surgical outcomes. In this report, the authors defined further detailed vascular pattern of the arterial networks and of the main perforators of the anterior ear.

Effect of Marination with Black Currant Juice on the Formation of Biogenic Amines in Pork Belly during Refrigerated Storage.

The effect of marination with black currant juice (BCJ) was investigated for their effects on meat quality and content of biogenic amines (BAs) [putrescine (PUT), cadaverine (CAD), histamine (HIM), tyramine (TYM), and spermidine (SPD)] in pork belly during storage at 9°C. BCJ was shown to have antibacterial activities against and . Additionally, the pH of pork belly marinated with BCJ (PBB) was significantly lower than that of raw pork belly (RPB) during storage.

Anatomical consideration of deep calf veins: application to catheter-directed thrombolysis.

Purpose: An antegrade approach is frequently used in catheter-directed thrombolysis to remove deep-vein thrombosis. However, the antegrade approach is difficult when accessing veins with small diameters; therefore, understanding the variation of deep calf vein is important.

Methods: This study measured the diameters and surface areas of the proximal and distal posterior tibial vein, peroneal vein, and anterior tibial vein to determine which are preferable for venous access.

Anatomical locations of the motor endplates of sartorius muscle for botulinum toxin injections in treatment of muscle spasticity.

Purpose: This study aimed to detect the idyllic locations for botulinum neurotoxin injection by analyzing the intramuscular neural distributions of the sartorius muscles.

Methods: An altered Sihler's staining was conducted on sartorius muscles (15 specimens). The nerve entry points and intramuscular arborization areas were measured as a percentage of the total distance from the most prominent point of the anterior superior iliac spine (0%) to the medial femoral epicondyle (100%).

Superior labial artery and vein anastomosis configuration to be considered in lip augmentation.

The treatment of cleft lip and palate is performed over a long period, starting immediately after birth. However, esthetic problems remain after lip augmentation. Endothelial cells of new capillaries are important for wound healing.

Increased telomere length in patients with frontotemporal dementia syndrome.

Background: Telomeres are repetitive DNA sequences of TTAGGG at the ends of chromosomes. Many studies have shown that telomere shortening is associated with aging-related diseases, such as cardiovascular diseases, hypertension, diabetes, cancer, and various neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease, vascular dementia, Parkinson's disease, and dementia with Lewy bodies. However, changes in telomere length (TL) in patients with frontotemporal dementia (FTD) syndrome are unclear.

Evaluating the impact of the nationwide public-private mix (PPM) program for tuberculosis under National Health Insurance in South Korea: A difference in differences analysis.

Background: Public-private mix (PPM) programs on tuberculosis (TB) have a critical role in engaging and integrating the private sector into the national TB control efforts in order to meet the End TB Strategy targets. South Korea's PPM program can provide important insights on the long-term impact and policy gaps in the development and expansion of PPM as a nationwide program.

Methods And Findings: Healthcare is privatized in South Korea, and a majority (80.

Immune-metabolic receptor GPR84 surrogate and endogenous agonists, 6-OAU and lauric acid, alter Brucella abortus 544 infection in both in vitro and in vivo systems.

Brucella abortus, one of the most important members of the genus Brucella responsible for human disease, is an intracellular pathogen capable of avoiding or interfering components of the host immune responses that are critical for its virulence. GPR84, on the other hand, is a seven-transmembrane GPCR involved in the inflammatory response and its induced expression was associated with B. abortus infection of RAW264.

Studies on the concentrations of particulate matter and ammonia gas from three laying hen rearing systems during the summer season.

This study aimed to measure the concentrations of particulate matter (PM, PM) and ammonia gas (NH) from different types of laying hen houses during summer. The treatment groups included conventional cage, floor pens, and aviary system, with tunnel ventilation system applied to all poultry houses. The PM concentration was highest in the aviary system from 10:00 h to 18:30 h, whereas in the cage, it remained high after 18:30 h until 7:30 h the next day.

Correlation between muscle architecture and anaerobic power in athletes involved in different sports.

Athletes cultivate highly developed muscles based on their sport category, creating a body shape that matches the characteristics of that sports category. We tested the significance of the correlation between muscle development characteristics and anaerobic power in athletes to build a database for each category. Fifty-eight college athletes participated in this study.

SlHair2 Regulates the Initiation and Elongation of Type I Trichomes on Tomato Leaves and Stems.

Trichomes are hair-like structures that are essential for abiotic and biotic stress responses. Tomato Hair (H), encoding a C2H2 zinc finger protein, was found to regulate the multicellular trichomes on stems. Here, we characterized Solyc10g078990 (hereafter Hair2, H2), its closest homolog, to examine whether it was involved in trichome development.

Complete mitochondrial genomes of two marine monogonont rotifer strains.

The complete mitochondrial genomes of German strain were 10,721 bp (mitochondrial DNA I) and 12,274 bp (mitochondrial DNA II) in size, while the complete mitochondrial genomes of Australian strain were 10,889 bp (mitochondrial DNA I) and 12,443 bp (mitochondrial DNA II) in size. Of 12 protein-coding genes (PCGs), 99.6% of amino acid sequences were identical between the two strains.

Designing High Energy Sodium-Ion Battery Cathodes by Utilizing P2/O3 Biphasic Structure and Lithium Honeycomb Ordering.

Layered transition metal oxides, in particular P2-type ones, are considered as promising cathode materials for sodium-ion batteries on account of their high specific capacity and rate capability. Nevertheless, conventional layered compounds involve detrimental phase transformation throughout repeated cycles, which results in electrochemical performance degradation. Therefore, finding structurally stable layered compounds, featuring minimal phase transition has been a key theme of the sodium-ion battery research.

EEG-Based Prediction of the Recovery of Carotid Blood Flow during Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation in a Swine Model.

The recovery of cerebral circulation during cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is important to improve the neurologic outcomes of cardiac arrest patients. To evaluate the feasibility of an electroencephalogram (EEG)-based prediction model as a CPR feedback indicator of high- or low-CBF carotid blood flow (CBF), the frontal EEG and hemodynamic data including CBF were measured during animal experiments with a ventricular fibrillation (VF) swine model. The most significant 10 EEG parameters in the time, frequency and entropy domains were determined by neighborhood component analysis and Student's -test for discriminating high- or low-CBF recovery with a division criterion of 30%.

Easy three-dimensional scanning technology for anatomy education using a free cellphone app.

The COVID-19 pandemic has brought difficult times to anatomy educators and medical/dental students. Under normal circumstances, gross anatomy classes give students opportunities to touch and observe human bones and cadaveric tissues, thus enhancing their understanding; such morphology is difficult to learn from textbooks alone. As many studies have shown, three-dimensional (3D) technologies used in online lectures can serve as alternatives to real specimens for providing knowledge of anatomy.

Clinical anatomy considerations on the muscular and vascular components of the midface by ultrasonographic imaging.

The first signs of face aging appear in the midface, so procedures such as botulinum toxin and filler injections are performed there. However, no guidelines based on clinical anatomy describing the muscular and vascular components in vivo have been published. The aim of this research was to describe the depths of the midface muscles and the locations of vessels using ultrasonographic (US) imaging.

Localizing the nerve to the mylohyoid using the mylohyoid triangle.

The nerve to the mylohyoid muscle has been well studied but there are no specific anatomical landmarks for identifying it. Therefore, we aimed to identify anatomical landmarks for localizing the nerve to the mylohyoid muscle in the submandibular region. Sixteen sides from eight embalmed Caucasian cadaveric heads were used in this study.

Application of Botulinum Neurotoxin Injections in TRAM Flap for Breast Reconstruction: Intramuscular Neural Arborization of the Rectus Abdominis Muscle.

Breast reconstruction after mastectomy is commonly performed using transverse rectus abdominis myocutaneous (TRAM) flap. Previous studies have demonstrated that botulinum neurotoxin injections in TRAM flap surgeries lower the risk of necrosis and allow further expansion of arterial cross-sectional diameters. The study was designed to determine the ideal injection points for botulinum neurotoxin injection by exploring the arborization patterns of the intramuscular nerves of the rectus abdominis muscle.

Diagnostic performance of artificial intelligence model for pneumonia from chest radiography.

Objective: The chest X-ray (CXR) is the most readily available and common imaging modality for the assessment of pneumonia. However, detecting pneumonia from chest radiography is a challenging task, even for experienced radiologists. An artificial intelligence (AI) model might help to diagnose pneumonia from CXR more quickly and accurately.

Caregiving, care burden and awareness of caregivers and patients with dementia in Asian locations: a secondary analysis.

Background: This study investigated the differences in caregiver activity, caregiver burden, and awareness of both caregivers and patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) across different Asian locations.

Methods: This was a secondary analysis of a multi-national cohort study that aimed to assess caregiver activity and caregiver burden using the Caregiver Activity Scale (CAS) and Zarit Burden Interview (ZBI), respectively. Patients' awareness of their dementia diagnosis was assessed by asking the following yes/no question: "Do you have dementia?" Caregivers' awareness of the patient's dementia diagnosis was assessed by asking the following yes/no question: "Does your patient have dementia?"

Results: In total, 524 caregivers of patients with AD from China, Hong Kong, South Korea, the Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, and Taiwan participated.

Regulatory Role of Sugars on the Settlement Inducing Activity of a Conspecific Cue in Pacific Oyster .

This study evaluated the larval settlement inducing effect of sugars and a conspecific cue from adult shell extract of . To understand how the presence of different chemical cues regulate settlement behavior, oyster larvae were exposed to 12 types of sugars, shell extract-coated and non-coated surfaces, and under varied sugar exposure times. Lectin-glycan interaction effects on settlement and its localization on oyster larval tissues were investigated.