Infantile Hemangioma With Aggressive, Early-Onset Ulceration, and Kasabach-Merritt-Like Phenomenon in a Newborn.

Infantile hemangiomas (IH) are the most common benign tumors of infancy and progress through recognized stages of evolution including early proliferation, plateau, and involution. Ulceration is a common complication of IHs typically observed during the early proliferative stage characterized by rapid growth. In rare cases, ulceration is the primary clinical manifestation of IHs.

Freeze-Induced Protein Assembly of α-Synuclein into Stable Microspheres to Fabricate Light-Induced Cargo Release Systems.

Stable hollow-type microspheres (MSs) have been fabricated using α-synuclein (αS), an amyloidogenic protein, via freeze-induced protein self-assembly. This assembly process involves three steps: rapid freezing to form spherical protein condensates from αS oligomers, frozen annealing to form a crust on the condensate and freeze-drying to create an interior lumen via the three-dimensional (3D) coffee-stain effect. The crust produced during the frozen-annealing step is a β-sheet-mediated protein structure that is presumed to be created at the quasi-liquid layer of the protein-ice interface and thus contributes to the stability of MSs in aqueous solutions at room temperature without any additional surface stabilization.

CD4 T Cells Mediate Dendritic Cell Licensing to Promote Multi-Antigen Anti-Leukemic Immune Response.

Background: Single antigen (Ag)-targeted immunotherapies for acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) are highly effective; however, up to 50% of patients relapse after these treatments. Most of these relapses lack target Ag expression, suggesting targeting multiple Ags would be advantageous.

Materials & Methods: The multi-Ag immune responses to ALL induced by transducing cell lines with xenoAgs green fluorescent protein and firefly luciferase was elucidated using flow cytometry, ELISA, and ELISpot assays.

Prognostic Performance of the Next-Generation Sequencing-Based Multigene Assay in Early Breast Cancer Patients Treated According to the 21-Gene Assay Results.

Purpose: Multigene assays guide treatment decisions in early-stage hormone receptor-positive breast cancer. OncoFREE, a next-generation sequencing assay using 179 genes, was developed for this purpose. This study aimed to evaluate the concordance between the Oncotype DX (ODX) Recurrence Score (RS) and the OncoFREE Decision Index (DI) and to compare their performance.

Clinical Impact of TP53 Mutations in Patients with Head and Neck Cancer Who Were Treated with Targeted Therapies or Immunotherapy.

Purpose: TP53 mutations are common in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). We evaluated their clinical impact in patients treated with targeted agents or immunotherapy in the KCSG HN15-16 TRIUMPH trial.

Materials And Methods: We analyzed clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients with TP53 mutations in the TRIUMPH trial, a multicenter, biomarker-driven umbrella trial in Korea.

Real-World Effectiveness and Safety of Intravenous Daratumumab in Patients with Multiple Myeloma: A Multicenter, Observational Study from Korea.

Purpose: Daratumumab is a novel, first-in-class monoclonal antibody approved for use as monotherapy and in combination with other treatments for patients with multiple myeloma (MM). The aim of this observational study was to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of daratumumab in real-world clinical practice.

Materials And Methods: This observational multicenter study collected data from patients with MM treated in Korea between June 1, 2018, and February 28, 2022.

Unraveling the Genetic Landscape of Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis in Korean Patients: Comprehensive Insights from Mutational Profiles and Clinical Correlations.

Purpose: This study aimed to conduct a comprehensive genetic analysis of patients with Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH), focusing on the frequency of MAPK pathway mutations, detailed mutation profiles of MAPK pathway genes, and their correlation with clinical features and prognosis in Korean LCH patients.

Materials And Methods: We performed targeted next-generation sequencing, capable of capturing exons from 382 cancer-related genes, on genomic DNA extracted from formaldehyde-fixed and paraffin-embedded samples of 45 pathologically confirmed LCH patients.

Results: The majority of patients (91.

A Prospective, Single-Cohort, Open, Multi-Center, Observational Study of Sublingual Fentanyl for Breakthrough Cancer Pain: Effectiveness, Safety, and Tolerability in Korean Cancer Patients.

Purpose: Fentanyl, a highly lipophilic opioid, was developed as a sublingual fentanyl tablet (SFT) for the management of breakthrough cancer pain (BTcP), and its efficacy and safety were confirmed in a randomized, controlled study. We investigated the effectiveness and safety of SFT administered to alleviate BTcP in a real-world setting.

Materials And Methods: In this prospective, open, single-cohort study, conducted in 13 referral hospitals in South Korea, opioid-tolerant cancer patients receiving around-the-clock opioids for persistent cancer pain were enrolled if the individual had BTcP ≥ 1 episode/day during the preceding week.

Pemetrexed Maintenance versus Observation in Patients with Advanced Urothelial Carcinoma Who Completed First-line Platinum-based Chemotherapy without Disease Progression (PREMIER, KCSG GU16-05).

Purpose: Platinum-based chemotherapy is the standard treatment for advanced urothelial carcinoma (aUC). Switch maintenance therapy after first-line (1L) treatment may delay disease progression. This study evaluated pemetrexed as switch maintenance therapy versus observation in aUC patients without disease progression after initial chemotherapy.

Sex-specific Molecular Markers NRF2 and PD-L1 in Colon Carcinogenesis: Implications for Right-sided Colon Cancer.

Purpose: This study examined the roles of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) and programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) in colon carcinogenesis, underscoring on sex and differences in tumor location.

Materials And Methods: A total of 378 participants were enrolled from Seoul National University Bundang Hospital: 88 healthy controls (HC), 139 patients with colorectal adenoma (AD), and 151 patients with colorectal cancer (CRC). Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR), methylation-specific PCR, and immunohistochemistry (IHC) were performed utilizing tumor samples from patients and normal mucosa in the HC group.

Staged versus immediate complete revascularization for non-culprit arteries in acute myocardial infarction: a post-hoc analysis of FRAME-AMI.

Background And Objectives: The optimal timing for complete revascularization (CR) in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and multivessel disease (MVD) remain uncertain.

Methods: This post-hoc analysis of the FRAME-AMI trial included AMI patients with MVD ( = 549). They were classified into immediate ( = 329) and staged CR ( = 220) groups.

The Reproducibility and Reliability of Insulin Sensitivity and Secretion Indices in Children and Adolescents.

Context: Insulin sensitivity and secretion indices can be useful tools in understanding insulin homeostasis in children at risk for diabetes. There have been few studies examining the reproducibility of these measures in pediatrics.

Objective: To determine whether fasting or oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT)-derived insulin measures would be more reproducible and whether there would be differences based on weight, sex, race, and pubertal status.

Improved survival with second-line hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy after atezolizumab-bevacizumab failure in hepatocellular carcinoma.

Background: There is no established second-line treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) following atezolizumab-bevacizumab (ate-beva) failure. This study assessed the efficacy of hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy (HAIC) as a salvage therapy by comparing survival outcomes and treatment responses between HAIC as a first-line treatment and as a second-line option after ate-beva failure.

Materials And Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 100 patients with advanced HCC treated with HAIC between March 2022 and July 2024.

Amplitude modulation structure in French and German poetry: universal acoustic physical structures underpin different poetic rhythm structures.

French and German poetry are classically considered to utilize fundamentally different linguistic structures to create rhythmic regularity. Their metrical rhythm structures are considered poetically to be very different. However, the biophysical and neurophysiological constraints upon the speakers of these poems are highly similar.

Companion-based multi-level finite element method for computing multiple solutions of nonlinear differential equations.

The utilization of nonlinear differential equations has resulted in remarkable progress across various scientific domains, including physics, biology, ecology, and quantum mechanics. Nonetheless, obtaining multiple solutions for nonlinear differential equations can pose considerable challenges, particularly when it is difficult to find suitable initial guesses. To address this issue, we propose a pioneering approach known as the Companion-Based Multilevel Finite Element Method (CBMFEM).

Clearing Disseminated Venous Thromboembolism in a Single Procedure Using Thrombolytic-Free Large Bore Suction Thrombectomy: A Versatile Toolbox to Unclog the Venous Circulation.

Disseminated venous thromboembolism (VTE) occurs commonly in cancer patients, who tend to have contraindications to systemic thrombolysis and require cancer surgery. Such clinical scenarios are often challenging to manage. In this case report, we illustrate an innovative, single procedural approach in such a patient to remove extensive VTE, improve symptoms, prevent hemodynamic decompensation, and allow for a minimal level of anticoagulation such that necessary cancer surgery can proceed safely.

Assessing the Overall Technical Efficiency, Pure Technical Efficiency, and Scale Efficiency of United States Department of Defense Hospitals.

Introduction: This study aims to evaluate US Department of Defense hospital efficiency.

Methods: Drawing on the American Hospital Association's annual survey data, the study employs data envelopment analysis, slack analysis, and the Malmquist Productivity Index to identify the differences in hospital efficiency between Air Force, Army, and Navy hospitals as well as the trends of their efficiency from 2010 to 2021.

Results: US Department of Defense hospitals operated inefficiently from 2010 to 2021, although the average technical efficiency of all DOD hospitals increased slightly during this period.

Enhanced Maturity and Functionality of Vascular Human Liver Organoids through 3D Bioprinting and Pillar Plate Culture.

Liver tissues, composed of hepatocytes, cholangiocytes, stellate cells, Kupffer cells, and sinusoidal endothelial cells, are differentiated from endodermal and mesodermal germ layers. By mimicking the developmental process of the liver, various differentiation protocols have been published to generate human liver organoids (HLOs) in vitro using induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). However, HLOs derived solely from the endodermal germ layer often encounter technical hurdles such as insufficient maturity and functionality, limiting their utility for disease modeling and hepatotoxicity assays.

Fine-Modulation of Perovskite Ion-Additive Binding Interaction Using Multidentate Ligation for High Performance Perovskite Light-Emitting Diodes.

Research on perovskite light-emitting diodes (PeLEDs) has primarily focused on modulating crystal growth to achieve smaller grain sizes and defect passivation using organic additives. However, challenges remain in controlling the intermolecular interactions between these organic additives and perovskite precursor ions for precise modulation of crystal growth. In this study, we synthesize two triphenylphosphine oxide (TPPO)-based multidentate additives: bidentate hexane-1,6-diyl-bis(oxy-4-triphenylphosphine oxide) (2-TPPO) and tetradentate pentaerythrityl-tetrakis(oxy-4-triphenylphosphine oxide) (4-TPPO).

Suppression of High Spin State of Mn for the Improvement of Mn-Based Materials in Rechargeable Batteries.

Manganese-based materials are essential for developing safe, cost-effective, and environmentally sustainable rechargeable batteries, which are critical for advancing clean energy technologies. However, the high spin state of the Mn cation triggers a pronounced Jahn-Teller effect and phase transformations during cycling, leading to structural instability and reduced electrochemical performance of the Mn-based cathodes. This review provides a fundamental understanding of the Jahn-Teller effect, highlights recent strategies to mitigate the high spin state of Mn, and offers insights into future research directions aimed at overcoming the Jahn-Teller effect to enhance the performance of next-generation Mn-based cathodes for rechargeable batteries.

Inhibitory Effects of Cryptotanshinone and Dihydrotanshinone I on Intracellular Trafficking of Viral Glycoproteins.

Antiviral agents that target the viral envelope surface glycoproteins can disrupt the interactions between the viral glycoproteins and host cell receptors, thereby preventing viral entry into host cells. However, the mechanisms underlying glycoprotein processing and cellular trafficking have not been fully elucidated. In this study, we aimed to investigate the mechanism of action of cryptotanshinone (CTN) and dihydrotanshinone I (DTN) as inhibitors of viral glycoprotein trafficking, by assessing their inhibitory action on syncytium formation and cytopathic effects.

Comparison of Antitumor Effects of Combinations of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors With Dendritic Cells Intratumorally Injected into Irradiated Mouse Adenocarcinoma.

Dendritic cells (DCs) are specialized immune cells that play a crucial role in presenting antigens and activating cytotoxic T lymphocytes to combat tumors. The immune checkpoint receptor programmed cell death-1 (PD-1) can bind to its ligand programmed cell death-ligand 1 (PD-L1), which is expressed on the surface of cancer cells. This interaction suppresses T-cell activation and promotes immune tolerance.

Relationship between Heated Tobacco Product Use and Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol in Korean Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study Using Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2018-2021 (VII-1 and VIII).

Background: The use of heated tobacco products (HTPs) among Korean adults has been steadily increasing since they were first introduced in 2017. It is known that smoking combustible cigarettes (CCs) adversely affects the serum lipid profile and increases the risk of cardiovascular disease. However, the health impacts of HTPs remain under- researched.

A Network Analysis of Quality of Life Among Older Adults With Arthritis.

Introduction: Arthritis, one of the most common chronic diseases among older people, greatly impairs quality of life through a variety of physical and psychological challenges. This study used network analysis to gain a deeper understanding of the relationships between the indicators of quality of life in older adults with arthritis depending on duration of disease.

Methods: This cross-sectional study used data from 874 older adults with osteoarthritis and/or rheumatoid arthritis who answered the eighth (2019-2021) Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.