Optimal chemokine receptors for enhancing immune cell trafficking in adoptive cell therapy.

Recently, a strategy involving the engineering of chemokine receptors on immune cells was developed to optimize adoptive cell therapy (ACT) for solid tumors. Given the variability in chemokine secretion among different tumor types, identifying and modulating the appropriate chemokine receptors is crucial. In this study, we utilized extensive RNA sequencing data from both tumor tissues from The Cancer Genome Atlas and normal tissues from Genotype-Tissue Expression to investigate the expression profiles of chemokines.

Predictive and prognostic value of F-FES PET/CT for patients with recurrent or metastatic breast cancer treated with endocrine therapy plus cyclin-dependent kinase 4/6 inhibitors.

Purpose: Estrogen receptor (ER) expression and heterogeneity affect endocrine therapy efficacy. F-fluoroestradiol (F-FES) PET/CT is an effective non-invasive method to analyze systemic ER expression. This study aimed to examine the predictive/prognostic value of F-FES PET/CT for patients treated with endocrine therapy plus cyclin-dependent kinase 4/6 (CDK4/6) inhibitors.

Characteristics of successful expansion of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes from colorectal cancer liver metastasis.

Adoptive cell therapy (ACT) utilizing tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) has emerged as a successful treatment modality for various malignancies. However, TILs cultured from colorectal cancer (CRC) liver metastasis remain underexplored. Fifteen CRC liver metastasis tissues underwent initial expansion (IE) of TILs and rapid expansion (REP).

Prognosis of patients with breast cancer who underwent breast-conserving surgery using a 3D-printed surgical guide after neoadjuvant chemotherapy.

In breast-conserving surgery (BCS), clear resection margins are crucial to prevent recurrence. Accurate imaging is vital for precise BCS, with MRI being the most accurate. However, MRI has limitations in identifying the exact extent of breast cancer in patients who have undergone neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT).

Prognostic Performance of the Next-Generation Sequencing-Based Multigene Assay in Early Breast Cancer Patients Treated According to the 21-Gene Assay Results.

Purpose: Multigene assays guide treatment decisions in early-stage hormone receptor-positive breast cancer. OncoFREE, a next-generation sequencing assay using 179 genes, was developed for this purpose. This study aimed to evaluate the concordance between the Oncotype DX (ODX) Recurrence Score (RS) and the OncoFREE Decision Index (DI) and to compare their performance.

Motion-Adaptive Tessellated Skin Patches With Switchable Adhesion for Wearable Electronics.

Skin-interfaced electronics have emerged as a promising frontier in personalized healthcare. However, existing skin-interfaced patches often struggle to simultaneously achieve robust skin adhesion, adaptability to dynamic body motions, seamless integration of bulky devices, and on-demand, damage-free detachment. Here, a hybrid strategy that synergistically combines these critical features within a thin, flexible patch platform is introduced.

SPP1+ macrophages in HR+ breast cancer are associated with tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes.

Breast cancer categorized into hormone receptor-positive (HR+), HER2-positive (HER2+), and triple-negative (TNBC) subtypes, exhibits varied outcomes based on the number of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs). To explore the divergent roles of TIL levels across different subtypes, we employed single-cell RNA sequencing on 31 patients with breast cancer. HR+ breast cancer with high TIL levels (TIL-high) revealed increased SPP1+ macrophages, increased SPP1 expression in other monocytes/macrophages (mono/macro) subgroups, and enriched pathways associated with extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling in mono/macro.

Longitudinal dynamics of circulating tumor DNA for treatment monitoring in patients with breast cancer recurrence.

The prevalence and dynamics of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) in patients with breast cancer recurrence or de novo metastatic cancer were examined in a retrospective analysis of a prospective observational cohort. Twenty-three recurrent/metastatic breast cancer cases (8 locoregional, 15 distant metastasis) were enrolled, and sequential plasma samples were obtained. Anchor mutations were selected from the target sequencing of each patient's primary and/or metastatic tumor.

T cell receptor clonotype in tumor microenvironment contributes to intratumoral signaling network in patients with colorectal cancer.

Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) has contributed to understanding cellular heterogeneity and immune profiling in cancer. The aim of the study was to investigate gene expression and immune profiling in colorectal cancer (CRC) using scRNA-seq. We analyzed single-cell gene expression and T cell receptor (TCR) sequences in 30 pairs of CRC and matched normal tissue.

Expansion of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes in non-small cell lung cancer: Clinical potential and efficacy in EGFR mutation subsets.

Our study aimed to expand tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) from primary non-small cell lung cancers (NSCLCs) and evaluate their reactivity against tumor cells. We expanded TILs from 103 primary NSCLCs using histopathological analysis, flow cytometry, IFN-γ release assays, cell-mediated cytotoxicity assays, and in vivo efficacy tests. TIL expansion was observed in all cases, regardless of EGFR mutation status.

Ibulocydine Inhibits Migration and Invasion of TNBC Cells via MMP-9 Regulation.

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) accounts for approximately 15-20% of all breast cancer types, indicating a poor survival prognosis with a more aggressive biology of metastasis to the lung and a short response duration to available therapies. Ibulocydine (IB) is a novel (cyclin-dependent kinase) CDK7/9 inhibitor prodrug displaying potent anti-cancer effects against various cancer cell types. We performed in vitro and in vivo experiments to determine whether IB inhibits metastasis and eventually overcomes the poor drug response in TNBC.

Persistence and enrichment of dominant T cell clonotypes in expanded tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes of breast cancer.

Background: Adoptive cell therapy using tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) has shown promising results in cancer treatment, including breast cancer. However, clonal dynamics and clinical significance of TIL expansion ex vivo remain poorly understood.

Methods: We investigated T cell receptor (TCR) repertoire changes in expanded TILs from 19 patients with breast cancer.

Expansion of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes from head and neck squamous cell carcinoma to assess the potential of adoptive cell therapy.

Background: Adoptive transfer of in vitro expanded tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) has been effective in regressing several types of malignant tumors. This study assessed the yield and factors influencing the successful expansion of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) from head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), along with their immune phenotypes.

Methods: TILs were expanded from 47 surgically resected HNSCC specimens and their metastasized lymph nodes.

Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer.

Importance: The association of tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte (TIL) abundance in breast cancer tissue with cancer recurrence and death in patients with early-stage triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) who are not treated with adjuvant or neoadjuvant chemotherapy is unclear.

Objective: To study the association of TIL abundance in breast cancer tissue with survival among patients with early-stage TNBC who were treated with locoregional therapy but no chemotherapy.

Design, Setting, And Participants: Retrospective pooled analysis of individual patient-level data from 13 participating centers in North America (Rochester, Minnesota; Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada), Europe (Paris, Lyon, and Villejuif, France; Amsterdam and Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Milan, Padova, and Genova, Italy; Gothenburg, Sweden), and Asia (Tokyo, Japan; Seoul, Korea), including 1966 participants diagnosed with TNBC between 1979 and 2017 (with follow-up until September 27, 2021) who received treatment with surgery with or without radiotherapy but no adjuvant or neoadjuvant chemotherapy.

Analysis and Development of Antigen-specific T Cells Derived from Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells of Healthy Donors.

Background/aim: Adoptive cell therapy using antigen-specific T cells is a promising treatment modality for cancer patients. Various methods to isolate specific T cells and identify corresponding T cell receptor (TCR) sequences are known. This study aimed to identify antigen-specific TCR from T cells isolated using carboxyfluorescein succinimidyl ester (CFSE), which marks proliferating activated T cells.

Mussel-inspired resilient hydrogels with strong skin adhesion and high-sensitivity for wearable device.

Stretchable and self-adhesive conductive hydrogels hold significant importance across a wide spectrum of applications, including human-machine interfaces, wearable devices, and soft robotics. However, integrating multiple properties, such as high stretchability, strong interfacial adhesion, self-healing capability, and sensitivity, into a single material poses significant technical challenges. Herein, we present a multifunctional conductive hydrogel based on poly(acrylic acid) (PAA), dopamine-functionalized pectin (PT-DA), polydopamine-coated reduction graphene oxide (rGO-PDA), and Fe as an ionic cross-linker.

A Nationwide Study on HER2-Low Breast Cancer in South Korea: Its Incidence of 2022 Real World Data and the Importance of Immunohistochemical Staining Protocols.

Purpose: Notable effectiveness of trastuzumab deruxtecan in patients with human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-low advanced breast cancer (BC) has focused pathologists' attention. We studied the incidence and clinicopathologic characteristics of HER2-low BC, and the effects of immunohistochemistry (IHC) associated factors on HER2 IHC results.

Materials And Methods: The Breast Pathology Study Group of the Korean Society of Pathologists conducted a nationwide study using real-world data on HER2 status generated between January 2022 and December 2022.

Proteomic analysis of breast cancer based on immune subtypes.

Background: Immunotherapy is applied to breast cancer to resolve the limitations of survival gain in existing treatment modalities. With immunotherapy, a tumor can be classified into immune-inflamed, excluded and desert based on the distribution of immune cells. We assessed the clinicopathological features, each subtype's prognostic value and differentially expressed proteins between immune subtypes.

CCR10-mediated Enhancement of T Cell Trafficking for Improved Tumor Immunotherapy.

Background/aim: The effectiveness of adoptive T cell therapy for solid tumors remains suboptimal, partly attributed to insufficient T cell infiltration into the tumor site. A promising strategy involves directing T cells towards the tumor utilizing tumor-specific chemokine receptors.

Materials And Methods: We analyzed chemokine receptor expression in activated T cells and chemokine expression in breast and lung cancer using The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) data.

Association Between the Number of Chronic Diseases and Oral Health Problems in Korean Adults.

Purpose: The relationship between the number of chronic diseases and oral health problems is unclear. We sought to determine whether the number of chronic diseases and multimorbidity have an association with oral health problems in Korean adults.

Materials And Methods: Data from 23,246 adults aged ≥ 19 years, who participated in the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from 2016 to 2019, were considered for our analyses.

21-gene expression assay and clinical outcomes of premenopausal patients with hormone receptor-positive breast cancer.

The prognostic role of the recurrence score (RS) based on the 21-gene expression assay in premenopausal women is not well delineated, and we investigated the association of outcomes and the RS in premenopausal patients who had 21-gene expression assay at Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea, between June 2005 and July 2018. Invasive breast cancer-free survival (IBCFS) by STEEP version 2.0 was compared according to the RS and clinical risk factors.