Internalization of muscularity and thinness ideals: Associations with body dissatisfaction, eating disorder symptoms, and muscle dysmorphic symptoms in at risk sexual minority men.

Objective: In the tripartite influence model, appearance-ideal internalization is identified as a prominent risk factor for the development of body dissatisfaction and subsequent eating disorder (ED) behaviors. For men, prior research has emphasized the importance of both thin-ideal internalization and muscular-ideal internalization in explaining later ED behaviors and muscle dysmorphia (MD) symptoms. Previous research in heterosexual men has shown that the associations between muscular-ideal internalization and ED or MD symptoms may depend on whether the individual has also internalized the thin ideal.

Sexual orientation and gender identity disparities in co-occurring depressive symptoms and probable substance use disorders in a national cohort of young adults.

This study examined sexual orientation and gender identity differences in co-occurring depressive symptoms and substance use disorders (SUDs) among young adults in the Growing Up Today Study national cohort (n = 12,347; ages 20-35; 93% non-Hispanic white). Self-administered questionnaires assessed recent co-occurring depressive symptoms and probable nicotine dependence, alcohol use disorder, and drug use disorder. Multinomial logistic regressions with generalized estimating equations quantified differences in prevalences of depressive symptoms only, SUDs only, and co-occurrence, among sexual minorities (mostly heterosexual; lesbian, gay, and bisexual [LGB]) compared to completely heterosexual participants, and gender minorities compared to cisgender participants.

Effects of familial and non-familial warmth during childhood and adolescence on sexual-orientation disparities in alcohol use trajectories and disorder during emerging adulthood.

Background: We investigated sexual-orientation differences in typologies of self-reported familial and non-familial warmth in childhood (before age 11) and adolescence (ages 11-17); and tested whether warmth explained sexual minority emerging adults' (ages 18-25) heightened odds of having heavier alcohol use trajectories (AUTs) and heightened risk for past-year alcohol use disorder (AUD) compared to completely heterosexuals.

Methods: Using self-reported data from the U.S.

Sexual orientation and gender identity disparities in substance use disorders during young adulthood in a United States longitudinal cohort.

Background: This study examined associations of sexual orientation and gender identity with prevalence of substance use disorders (SUDs) and co-occurring multiple SUDs in the past 12-months during young adulthood in a United States longitudinal cohort.

Methods: Questionnaires self-administered in 2010 and 2015 assessed probable past 12-month nicotine dependence, alcohol abuse and dependence, and drug abuse and dependence among 12,428 participants of an ongoing cohort study when they were ages 20-35 years. Binary or multinomial logistic regressions using generalized estimating equations were used to estimate differences by sexual orientation and gender identity in the odds of SUDs and multiple SUDs, stratified by sex assigned at birth.

Stress, Coping, and Context: Examining Substance Use Among LGBTQ Young Adults With Probable Substance Use Disorders.

Objective: The authors qualitatively examined how lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (LGBTQ) young adults with probable substance use disorders conceptualized their substance use vis-à-vis their LGBTQ identities.

Methods: Individual, in-depth, semistructured interviews were conducted with 59 LGBTQ young adults (ages 21-34) who were participants in a larger longitudinal cohort study and who met criteria for a probable substance use disorder. Data were analyzed via iterative, thematic analytic processes.

Gender Expression and Sexual Orientation Differences in Diet Quality and Eating Habits from Adolescence to Young Adulthood.

Background: Diet and eating habits during youth have implications on diet and eating habits during adulthood, however, little longitudinal research has examined sexual orientation and gender expression differences in diet.

Objective: Our aim was to examine sexual orientation and gender expression differences in diet quality and eating habits from adolescence to young adulthood.

Design: Data across multiple time points from the longitudinal Growing Up Today Study cohorts (1997 to 2011) were used.

Structural stigma and sexual orientation-related reproductive health disparities in a longitudinal cohort study of female adolescents.

Introduction: Sexual minority female adolescents have worse reproductive health than heterosexual peers; research into the origins of these disparities is limited. Our objective was to examine whether exposure to structural stigma (e.g.

Betaine reduces cellular melanin content via suppression of microphthalmia-associated transcription factor in B16-F1 murine melanocytes.

Long-term topical skin care by traditional anti-melanogenic agents can raise several safety concerns. An understanding of the molecular mechanisms of active compounds on melanogenesis is, therefore, necessary to address pigmentation issues. Here we revealed that stimulation with 1 mM betaine, an abundant component in rice bran, significantly reduced 21% of intracellular melanin content by suppressing tyrosinase activity and microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF) expression in B16-F1 murine melanocytes.

Risk of Type 2 Diabetes Among Lesbian, Bisexual, and Heterosexual Women: Findings From the Nurses' Health Study II.

Objective: Lesbian and bisexual (LB) women are more likely than heterosexual women to exhibit risk factors for type 2 diabetes, but studies estimating the burden of type 2 diabetes among LB women are uncommon and limited to cross-sectional designs. This study investigated incidence of type 2 diabetes in LB women and heterosexual women in a large, longitudinal U.S.

Sexual-orientation differences in alcohol use trajectories and disorders in emerging adulthood: results from a longitudinal cohort study in the United States.

Aims: We estimated sexual-orientation differences in alcohol use trajectories during emerging adulthood, and tested whether alcohol use trajectories mediated sexual-orientation differences in alcohol use disorders (AUDs).

Design: Longitudinal self-reported survey data from the Growing Up Today Study.

Setting: United States.

A Cluster Randomized Trial to Promote Healthy Menu Items for Children: The Kids' Choice Restaurant Program.

Evidence indicates that restaurant-based interventions have the potential to promote healthier purchasing and improve the nutrients consumed. This study adds to this body of research by reporting the results of a trial focused on promoting the sale of healthy child menu items in independently owned restaurants. Eight pair-matched restaurants that met the eligibility criteria were randomized to a menu-only versus a menu-plus intervention condition.

Physical Activity and Sedentary Behaviors Among Lesbian, Bisexual, and Heterosexual Women: Findings from the Nurses' Health Study II.

Introduction: Lesbian and bisexual (LB) women are at greater risk of obesity than heterosexuals. However, few studies have examined sexual orientation differences in physical activity (PA) and even fewer have examined differences in sedentary behaviors. This study assessed PA more comprehensively than previous research by including aerobic PA, strengthening PA, and sitting time, to explore sexual orientation differences among adult women.

Esotropia following botulinum toxin type A injection for facial wrinkles.

We report a rare case of eye complication following botulinum toxin type A (BTA) injection. A 36-year-old healthy woman received BTA injections on the glabella, forehead, and periocular area to improve her wrinkles. Four days after BTA injection, diplopia and esotropia developed on her right eye.

Developmental Latent Patterns of Identification as Mostly Heterosexual Versus Lesbian, Gay, or Bisexual.

Scant research exists on the development of mostly heterosexual identity, the largest sexual orientation minority subgroup. We used longitudinal latent class analysis to characterize the patterns of identification with lesbian, gay, bisexual (LGB), or mostly heterosexual identities from ages 12 to 23 in 13,859 youth (57% female) in a U.S.

Intense Pulsed Light Alone and in Combination with Erbium Yttrium-Aluminum-Garnet Laser on Small-to-Medium Sized Congenital Melanocytic Nevi: Single Center Experience Based on Retrospective Chart Review.

Background: Treatment of congenital melanocytic nevi (CMN) with intense pulsed light (IPL) has recently produced promising results.

Objective: To evaluate the clinical and histological outcomes of small-to-medium sized CMN treated with IPL alone and in combination with erbium: yttrium-aluminum-garnet (Er: YAG) laser.

Methods: We performed a retrospective chart review of 26 small-to-medium sized CMN treated as described above.

Dietary Patterns during Adulthood among Lesbian, Bisexual, and Heterosexual Women in the Nurses' Health Study II.

Background: Lesbian and bisexual women are at greater risk of being obese than heterosexual women; however, there is little research on dietary intake among lesbian and bisexual women.

Objective: This study estimated differences in dietary quality and intake during adulthood comparing heterosexual women to lesbian and bisexual women.

Design: Biennial mailed questionnaires were used to collect data from a cohort between 1991 and 2011.

Transcriptional coactivator NT-PGC-1α promotes gluconeogenic gene expression and enhances hepatic gluconeogenesis.

The transcriptional coactivator PGC-1α plays a central role in hepatic gluconeogenesis. We previously reported that alternative splicing of the PGC-1α gene produces an additional transcript encoding the truncated protein NT-PGC-1α NT-PGC-1α is co-expressed with PGC-1α and highly induced by fasting in the liver. NT-PGC-1α regulates tissue-specific metabolism, but its role in the liver has not been investigated.

Concurrent polysubstance use in a longitudinal study of US youth: associations with sexual orientation.

Aims: To estimate longitudinal associations between self-reported sexual orientation and past-year polysubstance use among youth, and test how gender, age and early onset of tobacco and alcohol use contributed to variation in polysubstance use.

Design: Longitudinal community-based cohort of US adolescents from the Growing Up Today Study (GUTS 1) (n = 16 873) followed from ages 12-29 years.

Setting: United States of America.

Food ordering for children in restaurants: multiple sources of influence on decision making.

Objective: Restaurants are playing an increasingly important role in children's dietary intake. Interventions to promote healthy ordering in restaurants have primarily targeted adults. Much remains unknown about how to influence ordering for and by children.

Clinical Trial of Human Umbilical Cord Blood-Derived Stem Cells for the Treatment of Moderate-to-Severe Atopic Dermatitis: Phase I/IIa Studies.

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been proven to be therapeutically effective against atopic dermatitis (AD) in preclinical studies. However, the safety and efficacy of MSCs against AD have not yet been investigated in a clinical study. To establish the safety and efficacy of human umbilical cord blood-derived MSCs (hUCB-MSCs) in AD, 34 adult patients with moderate-to-severe AD were enrolled in two phase trials with a follow-up for 1 month and 3 months, respectively.

A restaurant-based intervention to promote sales of healthy children's menu items: the Kids' Choice Restaurant Program cluster randomized trial.

Background: Away-from-home eating is an important dietary behavior with implications on diet quality. Thus, it is an important behavior to target to prevent and control childhood obesity and other chronic health conditions. Numerous studies have been conducted to improve children's dietary intake at home, in early care and education, and in schools; however, few studies have sought to modify the restaurant food environment for children.

Preceding Annular Skin Lesions in a Patient with Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis.

The cutaneous manifestations of hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) are variable and nonspecific. A 42-year-old man presented with multiple annular, erythematous patches on the trunk for 3 months. Two months later, he presented with bullae along with high fever.