Phylogenetic and Morphological Analysis of a Novel Species Isolated from Soil in South Korea.

A fungal strain designated KNUF-22-014, belonging to the family , was isolated from a soil sample collected in Sobaeksan National Park, South Korea. Phylogenetic trees based on the combined sequences of internal transcribed spacer (ITS) regions and the large subunit of 28S rRNA () gene, as well as on five concatenated loci (, ITS, translation elongation factor 1α, β-tubulin, and subunit 1 of RNA polymerase II), revealed that the isolate falls within the clade containing the genus but occupies a distinct phylogenetic position. Its closest relative is .

Morphological and Phylogenetic Characterization of sp. nov. and Belonging to Chaetothyriales Fungi in Korea.

The order Chaetothyriales encompasses black yeasts and related fungi known for their diverse morphologies, asexual reproduction, and habitat preferences. In this study, we isolated two fungal strains belonging to Chaetothyriales, designated KNUF-23-13A and KNUF-22-020, from a longhorn beetle () and soil sample, respectively, in Korea. Phylogenetic analyses based on the concatenated nucleotide sequences of the internal transcribed spacer regions and partial sequences of the large subunit (LSU) rRNA, β-tubulin (TUB2), and actin (ACT) genes revealed that the strains were grouped with strains of and , respectively.

Comparison of off-target pesticide drift in paddy fields from unmanned aerial vehicle spraying using cellulose deposition sampler.

Off-target pesticide drift in paddy fields following unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) spraying was evaluated using cellulose deposition samplers (CDSs). An analytical method for quantifying ferimzone Z and E isomers deposited on CDSs was developed using LC-MS/MS. The suitability of the CDS method was confirmed by comparing deposition patterns on CDSs with residue levels in rice plant samples.

Molecular Identification of a New Species of (Cunninghamellaceae, Mucorales) Isolated from Soil in Korea.

The species within the family Cunninghamellaceae during an investigation of soil microfungi in Korea, in which three strains were isolated from Gangwon, Chungbuk, and Gyeongbuk provinces, designated as KNUF-22-121A, KNUF-22-126A, and KNUF-22-316, respectively. Because the morphological and molecular analyses of these three strains were identical, KNUF-22-316 underwent further detailed study. Phylogenetic analyses based on the concatenated nucleotide sequences of the internal transcribed spacer region and the large subunit 28S rRNA gene revealed that the strain belonged to the genus , but occupied a distinct phylogenetic position.

sp. Nov.: A Novel Fungal Species Belonging to the Family Podosporaceae Isolated from Soil in Korea.

The fungal strain designated as KNUF-21-020, belonging to the genus , was isolated from a soil sample collected in the Chungnam province, Korea. Phylogenetic analyses based on the concatenated nucleotide sequences of internal transcribed spacer regions and partial sequences of large subunit rRNA, beta-tubulin, and RNA polymerase II subunit genes revealed that the strain was grouped in a clade with species. However, it occupied a distinct phylogenetic position.

The Rapid Apple Decline Phenomenon: Current Status and Expected Associated Factors in Korea.

Rapid apple decline (RAD) is a complex phenomenon affecting cultivated apple trees and particularly dwarf rootstocks on grafted young apple trees. Since its first appearance in the United States, RAD has been reported worldwide, for example in Canada, South America, Africa, and Asia. The phenomenon has also been observed in apple orchards in Korea, and it presented similar symptoms regardless of apple cultivar and cultivation period.

Pectobacterium jejuense sp. nov. Isolated from Cucumber Stem Tissue.

A single Pectobacterium-like strain named 13-115 was isolated from a specimen of diseased cucumber stem tissue collected on Jeju Island, South Korea. The strain presented a rod-like shape and was negative for Gram staining. When grown on R2A medium at 25 °C, strain 13-115 formed round, convex and white colonies.

sp. nov.: A Novel Species of the Family Cucurbitariaceae Isolated from a Stink Bug in Korea.

The fungal strain KNUF-22-18B, belonging to Cucurbitariaceae, was discovered from a stink bug () during the investigation of insect microbiota in Chungnam Province, South Korea. The colonies of the strain KNUF-22-18B were wooly floccose, white to brown in the center on oatmeal agar (OA), and the colonies were buff, margin even, and colorless, reverse white to yellowish toward the center on malt extract agar (MEA). The strain KNUF-22-18B produced pycnidia after 60 days of culturing on potato dextrose agar, but pycnidia were not observed on OA.

Taxonomy of sp. nov. based on Morphology and Phylogeny Isolated from Soil in Korea.

In this study, a fungal strain KNUF-22-025 belonging to the genus was isolated from the soil in Korea. The cultural and morphological characteristics of this strain differed from those of closely related species. On malt extract agar, strain KNUF-22-025 showed slower growth than most of the related species, except .

Morphological and Phylogenetic Analyses Reveal a New Species of Genus Belonging to the Family Sporocadaceae in Korea.

The fungal strain belonging to the genus of the family Sporocadaceae was isolated from hairy long-horned toad beetle () during the screening of microfungi associated with insects from Gangwon Province, Korea. The strain KNUF-6L2F produced white, light brown to dirty black surface, and olivaceous green colonies with the higher growth, while the closest strain KUMCC 15-0520 were light brown to brown, and SAUCC 212201 light brown to brown toward center. The strain KNUF-6L2F produced shorter (5.

Molecular Phylogeny and Morphology of sp. nov. Isolated from Soil in Korea.

In this study, fungal strains designated as KNUF-22-14A and KNUF-22-15A were isolated from soil samples in Korea. These two strains were identified based on cultural and morphological characteristics as well as phylogenetic analyses and were found to be morphologically and phylogenetically identical. Upon their morphological comparison with closely related species, such as , , , , and , a difference in the size of short phialides [0.

Molecular and Morphological Characterization of Two Novel Species from Soil and Beetles () in Korea.

Two fungal strains belonging to Ascomycota were discovered in Gyeonggi-do, Korea, during this investigation of soil microfungi and microbiota of insects. The strain KNUF-20-047 produced milky white on the back and a milky creamy center to white toward the margin on the front side of colonies. Conversely, the closest displayed a pale luteous to luteous center, white toward margins on the front side, and pale luteous or luteous pigment on the back side, whereas produced white colonies.

On-field optical imaging data for the pre-identification and estimation of leaf deformities.

Visually nonidentifiable pathological symptoms at an early stage are a major limitation in agricultural plantations. Thickness reduction in palisade parenchyma (PP) and spongy parenchyma (SP) layers is one of the most common symptoms that occur at the early stage of leaf diseases, particularly in apple and persimmon. To visualize variations in PP and SP thickness, we used optical coherence tomography (OCT)-based imaging and analyzed the acquired datasets to determine the threshold parameters for pre-identifying and estimating persimmon and apple leaf abnormalities using an intensity-based depth profiling algorithm.

Identification of entomopathogenic fungus Metarhizium rileyi infested in fall armyworm in the cornfield of Korea, and evaluation of its virulence.

The fall armyworm (FAW) Spodoptera frugiperda is an important invasive pest in Africa and Asia. It is a polyphagous pest with at least 353 recorded host plant species, including corn. Chemical control of this pest is unsuccessful because of a developed resistance and harmful effects on the environment.

Isolation and Identification of Ice Nucleation Active Fusarium Strains from Rapid Apple Declined Trees in Korea.

In biological particles such as Fusarium species, ice nucleation activity (INA) has been observed. Fusarium strains isolated from apple declined trees in Korea were identified with a multilocus sequence analysis using the tef1 and rpb1 genes. Droplet-freezing and tube-freezing assays were used to determine the INA of the strains, using Pseudomonas syringae pv.

Molecular and Morphological Characteristics of a New Species Collected from an Insect () in Korea.

To exploit insect-derived fungi, insects were collected from seven different regions in Korea, including Gyeongbuk, Goryeong, and several fungi were isolated from them. A fungal strain designated 21-64-D was isolated from riparian tiger beetle () and morphologically identified as a species belonging to the genus . Phylogenetic analysis using the nucleotide sequences of internal transcribed spacer (ITS) regions and the partial sequence of the large subunit of the nuclear ribosomal RNA (LSU) gene revealed the distinct phylogenetic position of the isolate among recognized species including its closest neighbors , , , and .

Hymenobacter translucens sp. nov. and Hymenobacter pini sp. nov. isolated from soil.

Two novel bacterial strains BT175 and BT728 were isolated from soil collected in the Republic of Korea. Both strains were Gram stain negative, rod shaped, and had circular, convex, and pink-colored colonies. The 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity between the strains BT175 and BT728 was 93.

Exploration of Mycobiota in , an Endangered Species.

Orchids live with mycorrhizal fungi in mutualism. This symbiotic relationship plays an essential role in the overall life cycle of orchids from germination, growth, settlement, and reproduction. Among the 1000 species of the orchid, the Korean lady's slipper, , is known as an endangered species.

Isoquercitrin isolated from newly bred Green ball apple peel in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated macrophage regulates NF-κB inflammatory pathways and cytokines.

Apple peel has several bioactive properties. The fruit is grown worldwide, and its ingredients are used medicinally. However, its anti-inflammatory activities are poorly characterized.

Larkinella humicola sp. nov., a gamma radiation-resistant bacterium isolated from soil.

A Gram-negative, short rod-shaped, and pink-pigmented bacterial strain, designated MA1, was isolated from a soil sample from Gijang-gun, Busan in Republic of Korea. The 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis showed that strain MA1 belonged to the genus Larkinella and was closely related to "Larkinella punicea" (97.5% similarity), Larkinella rosea 15J16-1T3A (96.

Collagen Peptide in a Combinatorial Treatment with Inhibits the Cariogenic Properties of : An In Vitro Study.

Dental caries is caused by the formation of cariogenic biofilm, leading to localized areas of enamel demineralization. , a cariogenic pathogen, has long been considered as a microbial etiology of dental caries. We hypothesized that an antagonistic approach using a prebiotic collagen peptide in combination with probiotic would modulate the virulence of this cariogenic biofilm.

Pedobacter segetis sp. nov., a Novel Bacterium Isolated from Soil.

A Gram-negative, motile by gliding, rod-shaped, aerobic bacterium, designated SD-b, was isolated from a soil sample collected on Dokdo Island, South Korea. A polyphasic approach based on phenotypic, phylogenetic, and genomic analyses was used to characterize the new isolate. Phylogenetic analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequence showed that strain SD-b belonged to the family Sphingobacteriaceae and most closely related to Pedobacter psychrophilus P4487A (95.