The history of medieval bladder stone surgery in Persia.

Introduction: People's understanding of bladder stones has a long history. Since around the sixth century BC, surgery has been selected as the most specialized and last treatment and has continuously evolved. Meanwhile, many missing links have sometimes been a turning point in bladder stone surgery.

Louis Dominique le Roy and the first documented and successful crural fracture osteosynthesis, performed in Antwerp in 1796.

Methods: In 1796 the Antwerp surgeon Louis Dominique Le Roy (1755-1826) performed an osteosynthesis for an open crural fracture, using cerclage of the tibia with a golden thread. The written report, the first ever of such osteosynthesis, is documented by the publication in Dutch, and translated here in English language.

Results: The osteosynthesis proved successful.

An approach to the milestones of spine surgery in Persian traditional medicine.

Background: The diagnosis and treatment of spine disorders have been challenging for thousands of years in different nations and medical schools. Despite this long history, there are many information gaps in this regard. The current research deals with the milestones and progress of spine surgery from ancient times until now, emphasizing the innovations of sages in the Persian traditional medicine era.

Liver-tumor mimics as a potential translational framework for planning and testing irreversible electroporation with multiple electrodes.

Irreversible electroporation (IRE) has emerged as an appealing non-ionizing, non-thermal ablation therapy, independent of antineoplastic drugs. Limited but successful outcomes in IRE conducted in vivo, in small focal hepatocellular carcinomas (HCC), have been reported. Nonetheless, the electric parameters of IRE are usually delivered in an unplanned manner.

The historical course of varicose vein surgery in the Persian medicine.

Introduction: Dawali (varicose veins) is the disease of chronic dilation of veins. The veins of the legs become dilated and blue due to excessive accumulation of blood. This disease and the effort to identify and treat it has a very long history.

Cauterization's history in the Persian medicine school.

Background: Cauterization has been used in various medical schools to prevent and treat diseases. Its application dates back to shortly after the invention of fire. Despite its long history, different aspects and the importance of cauterization in various medical schools have remained elusive.

SDR enzymes oxidize specific lipidic alkynylcarbinols into cytotoxic protein-reactive species.

Hundreds of cytotoxic natural or synthetic lipidic compounds contain chiral alkynylcarbinol motifs, but the mechanism of action of those potential therapeutic agents remains unknown. Using a genetic screen in haploid human cells, we discovered that the enantiospecific cytotoxicity of numerous terminal alkynylcarbinols, including the highly cytotoxic dialkynylcarbinols, involves a bioactivation by HSD17B11, a short-chain dehydrogenase/reductase (SDR) known to oxidize the C-17 carbinol center of androstan-3-alpha,17-beta-diol to the corresponding ketone. A similar oxidation of dialkynylcarbinols generates dialkynylketones, that we characterize as highly protein-reactive electrophiles.

Virus removal from semen with a pinched flow fractionation microfluidic chip.

Nowadays pigs are bred with artificial insemination to reduce costs and transportation. To prevent the spread of diseases, it is important to test semen samples for viruses. Screening techniques applied are enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays and/or polymerase chain reaction, which are labor-intensive and expensive methods.

Abu Al Qasim Al Zahrawi (Albucasis) and types of his used surgical knives.

Background: Surgical incisions require surgical knives. Different surgical knives have been used for surgical practice since its first appearance in surgical science, and evolved according to its progress. Albucasis, Spanish physician (936-1013 AD), is one of the surgical science pioneers whose initiatives in therapeutic and surgical methods are appreciable, as are his surgical instruments including numerous surgical knives.

Genome-Wide Association Study of Meat Quality Traits in Hanwoo Beef Cattle Using Imputed Whole-Genome Sequence Data.

The discovery of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) and the subsequent genotyping of large numbers of animals have enabled large-scale analyses to begin to understand the biological processes that underpin variation in animal populations. In beef cattle, genome-wide association studies using genotype arrays have revealed many quantitative trait loci (QTL) for various production traits such as growth, efficiency and meat quality. Most studies regarding meat quality have focused on marbling, which is a key trait associated with meat eating quality.

Polymorphic assembly of virus-capsid proteins around DNA and the cellular uptake of the resulting particles.

Virus-like particles (VLPs), i.e. molecular assemblies that resemble the geometry and organization of viruses, are promising platforms for therapeutics and imaging.

The influence of Arabic medicine on surgery in the Low Countries.

The influence of Arab Medicine on Western science has recently been challenged. Using the example of two Flemish surgeons, Jan Yperman in the early 14th and Thomas Fijens in the late 16th century, this article argues that Arab physicians and surgeons have imposed a long lasting influence on the surgical practitioners in the Low Countries.

The relationship between Vesalius and the Borgarucci family.

Two of the four brothers Borgarucci were medical doctors and in one way or another, be it distantly, connected with the great master Vesalius. Giulio Borgarucci was a physician, who became a Calvinist and emigrated to England where he treated many noblemen and friends of Queen Elisabeth I. He was present at a conversation between the Italian writer and traveler Pietro Bizzari and the Venetian jeweler who witnessed Vesalius' death in Zakynthos.

Human genome meeting 2016 : Houston, TX, USA. 28 February - 2 March 2016.

O1 The metabolomics approach to autism: identification of biomarkers for early detection of autism spectrum disorder A. K. Srivastava, Y.

The Influence of Vesalius’ Fabrica on Surgery in the 16th & 17th century.

The innovation in anatomy, brought about by Andreas Vesalius1, particularly by means of his Fabrica, has had an important influence on the practice of surgery2. Various surgeons of the 16th and the 17th century have implemented different approaches in operative techniques, based on the anatomical knowledge drawn upon the Fabrica. Examples are given in this paper concerning Pierre Franco, Ambroise Paré, Giovanni Andrea della Croce, Girolamo Fabrici d’Acquapendente, Wilhelm Fabry von Hilden and Paul Barbette, who all, in one way or another, have proposed surgical techniques that required precise anatomical understanding, which was provided by the new Vesalian anatomy of the human body.

Appendicular Mucocele: Possibilities and Limits of Laparoscopy. Brief Series and Review of the Literature.

Introduction: Appendicular mucocele, a cystic dilatation of the appendix, is a rare disease, but unfortunately about 1/10 of cases evolves into pseudomyxoma peritonei.

Methods: We performed a prospective study between 1 January 2010 to 31 December 2014 in order to track the incidence, symptoms, and circumstances of diagnosis, treatment and evolution of these rare tumors.

Results: A total of seven patients underwent curative surgery for a mucocele of the appendix: one woman and six men with an average age of 59.

I. Juvara (1913-1996), a surgeon for all seasons.

Ion Juvara is a creator of a genuine Romanian school of surgery. If I. Juvara had lived and worked in a country that had been the proud owner of a Pantheon, undoubtedly he would have rested there to the end of time, among the eternal ones i.

The art of human anatomy: Renaissance to 21st century.

This session examines the relationship between the art and science of anatomy from the time of Vesalius to the present with particular emphasis on the role of the medical artist and the changing nature of anatomical illustration over the last five centuries. Pivotal changes in the art of anatomy will be examined including the evolution of media and brain imaging from Golgi to Geschwind.