Clinical spectrum of adult-onset leukoencephalopathy with axonal spheroids and pigmented glia in individuals of Korean ancestry.

Adult-onset leukoencephalopathy with axonal spheroids and pigmented glia (ALSP) is a rare white matter disease characterized by axonal and glial injury. Although its clinical characteristics have been described in case reports, the prevalence of CSF1R mutations in clinically suspected ALSP cases remains unclear. Herein, we analysed the frequency of CSF1R mutations in patients with probable or possible ALSP and describe the genetic, clinical, radiological, and pathological findings of ALSP cases in individuals of Korean ancestry.

Controlled Structural Activation of Iridium Single Atom Catalyst for High-Performance Proton Exchange Membrane Water Electrolysis.

Iridium single atom catalysts are promising oxygen evolution reaction (OER) electrocatalysts for proton exchange membrane water electrolysis (PEMWE), as they can reduce the reliance on costly Ir in the OER catalysts. However, their practical application is hindered by their limited stability during PEMWE operation. Herein, we report on the activation of Ir-doped CoMnO in acidic electrolyte that leads to enhanced activity and stability in acidic OER for long-term PEMWE operation.

Nanopore Sequencing Allows Recovery of High-Quality Completely Closed Genomes of All Species from Powdered Infant Formula Overnight Enrichments.

Precision metagenomic approaches using Oxford Nanopore Technology (ONT) sequencing has been shown to allow recovery of complete genomes of foodborne bacteria from overnight enrichments of agricultural waters. This study tests the applicability of a similar approach for genome recovery from powdered infant formula (PIF) overnight enrichments, where typically dominates the overall microbiome (>90%). This study aimed to test whether using ONT sequencing of overnight PIF enrichments could recover a completely closed genome for further genomic characterization.

Reducing crystal symmetry to generate out-of-plane Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction.

The Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya antisymmetric exchange interaction (DMI) stabilises topological spin textures with promising future spintronics applications. According to crystal symmetry, the DMI can be categorized as four different types that favour different chiral textures. Unlike the other three extensively-investigated types, out-of-plane DMI, as the last type that favours in-plane chirality, remained missing so far.

Stabilization of Tetragonal Phase in Hafnium Zirconium Oxide by Cation Doping for High-K Dielectric Insulators.

As electronic circuit integration intensifies, there is a rising demand for dielectric insulators that provide both superior insulation and high dielectric constants. This study focuses on developing high-k dielectric insulators by controlling the phase of the HfZrO (HZO) film with additional doping, utilizing yttrium (Y), tantalum (Ta), gallium (Ga), silicon (Si), and aluminum (Al) as dopants. Doping changes the ratio of tetragonal to monoclinic phases in doped HZO films, and Y-doped HZO (Y:HZO) films specifically exhibit a high tetragonal phase ratio and a dielectric constant of 40.

Assessing the Utility of Acoustic Radiation Force Impulse in the Evaluation of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease with Severe Obesity or Steatosis.

Background: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) encompasses a heterogeneous spectrum ranging from simple steatosis to fibrosis and cirrhosis. Fibrosis, associated with long-term overall mortality and liver-related events, requires evaluation. Traditionally, liver biopsy has been the gold standard for diagnosing fibrosis.

Primary Ewing sarcoma of the kidney mimicking cystic papillary renal cell carcinoma in an older patient: A case report.

Background: Ewing's sarcoma (ES) is a neuroectodermal tumor that typically occurs in the bones and soft tissues of children and young adults. Primary renal ES is rare; only a few cases and a small case series have been documented, and only four cases involved primary renal ES in older people (> 65 years old).

Case Summary: Herein, we describe the radiological and pathological features of primary renal ES in an older person.

Smartphone application-based rehabilitation in patients with chronic respiratory and cardiovascular diseases.

Rehabilitation improves symptoms, quality of life, and survival in patients with chronic respiratory or cardiovascular disease. We evaluated smartphone application-based rehabilitation programs for patients with chronic respiratory or cardiovascular diseases. This was a single-center prospective single arm study.

Novel Cu(II) complexes as DNA-destabilizing agents and their DNA nuclease activity.

Here, we report a series of four novel Cu complexes, namely 2-(piperidin-1-ylmethyl)quinoline copper(II) nitrate, [LCu(NO)] (), 4-(quinolin-2-ylmethyl)morpholine copper(II) nitrate, [LCu(NO)] (Cu2), 4-(quinolin-2-ylmethyl)morpholine copper(II) chloride, [LCuCl] (Cu3), and 2-(piperidin-1-ylmethyl)pyridine copper(II) chloride, [LCu(μ-Cl)Cl] (Cu4). X-ray diffraction studies revealed that the geometry around the Cu(II) center could be best described as distorted octahedral in Cu1 and Cu2, whereas Cu3 and Cu4 showed distorted tetrahedral and square pyramidal geometries, respectively. DNA binding studies showed that Cu complexes Cu1-3 containing quinoline interacted minor groove binding, whereas the Cu4 complex containing pyridine interacted intercalation.

Variability of Transrectal Shear Wave Elastography in a Phantom Model.

Purpose: This study aimed to assess the variability of transrectal shear wave elastography (SWE) using a designed phantom.

Materials And Methods: In a phantom, the SWE values were examined by two radiologists using agarose and emulsion silicone of different sizes (1, 2, and 3 cm) and shapes (round, cubic) at three depths (1, 2, and 3 cm), two region of interest (ROI) and locations (central, peripheral) using two ultrasound machines (A, B from different vendors). Variability was evaluated using the coefficient of variation (CV).

Smartphone application-based rehabilitation in patients with chronic respiratory and cardiovascular diseases: a randomised controlled trial study protocol.

Introduction: Rehabilitation is well known to improve clinical symptoms and decrease the risk of mortality in patients with chronic respiratory or cardiovascular diseases. We will evaluate the efficacy of smartphone application-based rehabilitation programmes in patients with chronic respiratory or cardiovascular diseases.

Methods And Analysis: This single-centre single-blind randomised controlled trial will recruit a total of 162 participants from Asan Medical Center (81 patients each for pulmonary and cardiac rehabilitation, respectively).

-deficient undifferentiated thoracic tumor: A case report.

Background: -deficient undifferentiated tumors (-DUTs) present with diverse clinical manifestations and progress to metastasis and even cause death within a few months. This novel subset of undifferentiated tumors occurs in the middle-aged population and is strongly associated with a smoking history. Distinguishing it from other malignancies is challenging.

Novel (E)-3-(3-Oxo-4-substituted-3,4-dihydro-2H-benzo[b][1,4]oxazin-6-yl)-N-hydroxypropenamides as Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors: Design, Synthesis and Bioevaluation.

Herein, we report the design, synthesis and evaluation of novel (E)-3-(3-oxo-4-substituted-3,4-dihydro-2H-benzo[b][1,4]oxazin-6-yl)-N-hydroxypropenamides (4 a-i, 7 a-g) targeting histone deacetylases. Three human cancer cell lines were used to test the cytotoxicity of the synthesized compounds (SW620, colon; PC-3, prostate; NCI-H23, lung cancer); inhibitory activity towards HDAC; anticancer activity; as well as their impact on the cell cycle and apoptosis. As a result, compounds 4 a-i bearing the alkyl substituents seemed to be less potent than the benzyl-containing compounds 7 a-g in all biological assays.

Adult-Onset Leukoencephalopathy with Axonal Spheroid and Pigmented Glia: Different Histological Spectrums Presented in Autopsy Cases of Siblings and a Surgical Case of Stereotactic Biopsy.

Adult-onset leukoencephalopathy with axonal spheroids and pigmented glia encompasses hereditary diffuse leukoencephalopathy with axonal spheroids and pigmented orthochromatic leukodystrophy. We describe the clinicopathological and genetic findings of three patients with this disorder. All patients presented with dysarthria, with or without cognitive decline.

Measurement of re-entry plasma density using microwave reflectometer in laboratory.

A laboratory-scale experiment was conducted to reproduce plasma with properties similar to re-entry plasma and measure the plasma density using a microwave reflectometer system. To reproduce a similar re-entry plasma, a high-temperature refractory anode vacuum arc plasma method was used among arc plasma discharge methods, and arc plasma having high temperature, high speed, and high-density plasma characteristics was discharged inside a vacuum chamber. A hot refractory anode made of tungsten was used to show high-temperature plasma characteristics, and high-density plasma characteristics were demonstrated using re-evaporation around the anode.

Chrysin-Induced G Protein-Coupled Estrogen Receptor Activation Suppresses Pancreatic Cancer.

Pancreatic cancer (PC) has a high mortality rate due to its poor prognosis and the possibility of surgical resection in patients with the disease. Importantly, adjuvant chemotherapy is necessary to improve PC prognosis. Chrysin, a natural product with anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anticancer properties, has been studied for several years.

High performance transition metal-based electrocatalysts for green hydrogen production.

Hydrogen energy is a promising energy source that is environmentally friendly due to its long-term, large-capacity storage and low greenhouse gas emissions. However, the mass production of hydrogen is still technically difficult due to limitations in efficiency, stability, and cost, even though it can satisfy all of the current energy demands. Water splitting using an electrocatalyst is an efficient method for environmentally friendly hydrogen production, and various catalyst-related studies are being conducted for this purpose.

A Case of Cerebellar Intraparenchymal Subependymoma with Next-Generation Sequencing Analysis.

Subependymomas are rare, intraventricular glial tumors histologically characterized by clusters of small uniform cells distributed in an abundant fibrillary matrix. These tumors can arise in the parenchyma of the cerebrum, cerebellum, or spinal cord. Herein, we report an extremely rare case of cerebellar intraparenchymal subependymoma in a 62-year-old woman.

Evaluation of the Persistence and Characterization of in Foodservice Operations.

is a major foodborne pathogen that can contaminate food products and colonize food-producing facilities. Foodservice operations (FSOp) are frequently responsible for foodborne outbreaks due to food safety practices failures. We investigated the presence of and characterized from two FSOp (cafeterias) distributing ready-to-eat meals and verified FSOp's compliance with good manufacturing practices (GMP).

Estrogen exposure causes the progressive growth of SK-Hep1-derived tumor in ovariectomized mice.

Liver cancer, one of the leading death causes, has different incidence and mortality rates in men and women. The influencing factor is considered to estrogen. However, the role of estrogen in liver cancer remains controversial.

Korean Red Ginseng Enhances Immunotherapeutic Effects of NK Cells via Eosinophils in Metastatic Liver Cancer Model.

Metastasis decreases the survival rate of patients with liver cancer. Therefore, novel anti-metastatic strategies are needed. Korean Red Ginseng (KRG) is often ingested as a functional food with an immune-boosting effect.

Chromophobe renal cell carcinoma-like thyroid carcinoma: possible misdiagnosis as metastatic renal cell carcinoma.

To date, multiple thyroid cancer variants have been reported. Herein, we report a rare case of chromophobe renal cell carcinoma-like thyroid carcinoma (CRETHCA) in a 60-year-old woman, for which the morphologic findings resembled those of chromophobe renal cell carcinoma (ChRCC). ChRCC of the kidney is characterized by large polygonal tumor cells with distinct cell borders, perinuclear clearing, multiple binucleate cells, and strongly positive immunostaining for paired box gene 8 (PAX8) and carbonic anhydrase IX (CA IX).

The Persistence of Bacterial Pathogens in Surface Water and Its Impact on Global Food Safety.

Water is vital to agriculture. It is essential that the water used for the production of fresh produce commodities be safe. Microbial pathogens are able to survive for extended periods of time in water.