Prediction of gastric fluid volume by ultrasonography in infants undergoing general anaesthesia.

Background: Point-of-care ultrasonography can estimate gastric contents and volume to assess the risk of pulmonary aspiration; however, its use in infants has not been well validated. We aimed to develop a predictive model for estimating gastric fluid volume using ultrasonography in infants.

Methods: This prospective observational study enrolled 200 infants (≤12 months) undergoing general anaesthesia.

Hydroxyethyl Starch 6% 130/0.4 in a Balanced Electrolyte Solution and Renal Function After Nephrectomy.

Background: Although previous studies have reported nephrotoxicity associated with hydroxyethyl starch (HES), the long-term effect of HES on renal function after nephrectomy has rarely been reported. We evaluated the association between intraoperative HES administration and short- and long-term renal function after nephrectomy.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 1106 patients who underwent partial or radical nephrectomy.

Intraoperative Oxygen Delivery and Acute Kidney Injury after Liver Transplantation.

Although intraoperative hemodynamic variables were reported to be associated with acute kidney injury (AKI) after liver transplantation, the time-dependent association between intraoperative oxygen delivery and AKI has not yet been evaluated. We reviewed 676 cases of liver transplantation. Oxygen delivery index (DOI) was calculated at least ten times during surgery.

Lumbosacral and thoracolumbosacral cerebrospinal fluid volume changes in neonates, infants, children, and adolescents: A retrospective magnetic resonance imaging study.

Background: The volume of cerebrospinal fluid can affect the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of local anesthetics for spinal anesthesia and other intrathecal medications.

Aims: The objective of this study was to estimate the lumbosacral cerebrospinal fluid volume and thoracolumbosacral cerebrospinal fluid volume using magnetic resonance images in pediatric patients from neonates and infants to adolescents.

Methods: Spinal magnetic resonance images of 500 pediatric patients (age <18 years) were reviewed.

Predicting the Depth of the Lumbar Plexus in Pediatric Patients: A Retrospective Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study.

Background: The lumbar plexus (LP) block is commonly used for analgesia for lower extremities. If the depth of the LP (LPD) can be predicted, the performance time and procedure-related complications could be reduced.

Methods: Three hundred sixty-one magnetic resonance images of pediatric patients (<18 years of age) were analyzed.

Clinical Correlation between Perverted Nystagmus and Brain MRI Abnormal Findings.

Background And Objectives: To analyze the clinical correlation between perverted nystagmus and brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) abnormal findings and to evaluate whether perverted nystagmus is clinically significant results of brain abnormal lesions or not.

Subjects And Methods: We performed medical charts review from January 2008 to July 2014, retrospectively. Patients who were suspected central originated vertigo at Frenzel goggles test were included among patients who visited our hospital.

Long-term Subjective and Objective Outcomes of Adenotonsillectomy in Korean Children With Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome.

Objectives: Adenotonsillar hypertrophy is the most common etiology in pediatric obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS), and adenotonsillectomy is the mainstay of treatment modalities. This study evaluates the long-term effectiveness of adenotonsillectomy in children with OSAS.

Methods: Subjective symptoms evaluated with a 7-point Likert scale and objective respiratory disturbances evaluated by polysomnography were compared before and after adenotonsillectomy.

The immediate effect of adenotonsillectomy on Eustachian tube function in children.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of adenotonsillectomy on immediate Eustachian tube (E-tube) function in children with adenotonsillar hypertrophy.

Methods: All children who were scheduled to undergo adenotonsillectomy were assessed. Physical examinations were performed on the preoperative day, and on postoperative days 1 and 2.

Effects of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation on the somatosensory cortex during prism adaptation.

Although the behavioral characteristics and the neural correlates of prism adaptation processes have been studied extensively, the underlying mechanism is yet to be investigated. Recently, somatosensory suppression was heralded as a mechanism for the sensory re-alignment process accompanying the adaptation. Somatosensory suppression should facilitate the re-alignment process in the proprioceptive system.