Long-Term Safety of Roflumilast in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, a Multinational Observational Database Cohort Study.

Purpose: This study evaluated the long-term safety of roflumilast in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease or chronic bronchitis using electronic healthcare databases from Germany, Norway, Sweden, and the United States (US).

Patients And Methods: The study population consisted of patients aged ≥40 years who had been exposed to roflumilast and a matched cohort unexposed to roflumilast. The matching was based on sex, age, calendar year of cohort entry date (2010-2011, 2012, or 2013), and a propensity score that included variables such as demographics, markers of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) severity and morbidity, and comorbidities.

Evaluation of sterile glove usage on digital tactile sensitivity using the Grating Orientation Task.

Introduction: Surgical glove use may be associated with a decrease in tactile sensitivity, with thicker gloves or double-gloving techniques further altering sensation. This study evaluates digital tactile sensitivity by use of a Grating Orientation Task (GOT) with multiple sterile gloving techniques (no gloves, single standard gloving, double standard gloving, orthopedic gloves, and micro-thickness gloves).

Methods: Each participant performed the GOT at increasing grating widths until correctly noting orientation in ≥8 of 10 trials with multiple glove types or double-gloving technique.

Characteristics and long-term outcomes of dogs with gastroesophageal intussusception.

Objective: To determine long-term outcomes and factors associated with those outcomes in dogs with gastroesophageal intussusception (GEI).

Animals: 36 dogs with GEI evaluated at 16 veterinary hospitals from January 2000 through January 2018.

Procedures: Medical records of included dogs were reviewed to collect information regarding signalment, clinical signs, physical examination findings, blood work and diagnostic imaging results, surgical findings, and outcome.

Reconfigurable frequency coding of triggered single photons in the telecom C-band.

In this work, we demonstrate reconfigurable frequency manipulation of quantum states of light in the telecom C-band. Triggered single photons are encoded in a superposition state of three channels using sidebands up to 53 GHz created by an off-the-shelf phase modulator. The single photons are emitted by an InAs/GaAs quantum dot grown by metal-organic vapor-phase epitaxy within the transparency window of the backbone fiber optical network.

Success rate, costs and long-term stability of treatment with activator/headgear combinations.

The aims of this study were to evaluate treatment outcome with activator-headgear combinations carried out by general dental practitioners, overall costs, long-term stability and patients' satisfaction with treatment outcome. Patients who were recommended to start treatment in 2006 were included in this study (n = 97). Inclusion criteria were: Class II Division 1 with at least half a cusp width distal molar relationship, overjet ≥ 6 mm and presence of dental records.

Comparison of tensile strength among simple interrupted, cruciate, intradermal, and subdermal suture patterns for incision closure in ex vivo canine skin specimens.

OBJECTIVE To compare suture placement time, tension at skin separation and suture line failure, and mode of failure among 4 suture patterns. DESIGN Randomized trial. SAMPLE 60 skin specimens from the pelvic limbs of 30 purpose-bred Beagles.

Health and Labour from the Perspective of Railway Dock workers in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.

The main goal of this study is to understand and analyse the perspective of dockworkers on health and labour at the Railway Dry Port of the Municipality of Uruguaiana in the State of Rio Grande do Sul (RS), Brazil. Sixteen dockworkers participated in the study under the methodological approach of qualitative research. The fieldwork was conducted through individual interviews by applying a semi-structured research script with open-ended questions.

Ropivacaine for continuous wound infusion for postoperative pain management: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Background: The use of continuous wound infusion (CWI) of local anaesthetics has been suggested as a safe and effective alternative technique to epidural anaesthesia/analgesia that allows surgeons to provide postoperative pain relief while reducing opioid consumption and associated adverse events. A previous meta-analysis by Liu et al. [Am Coll Surg 2006;203:914-932] reported results mainly from studies of bupivacaine.

Association of climatic factors with infectious diseases in the Arctic and subarctic region--a systematic review.

Background: The Arctic and subarctic area are likely to be highly affected by climate change, with possible impacts on human health due to effects on food security and infectious diseases.

Objectives: To investigate the evidence for an association between climatic factors and infectious diseases, and to identify the most climate-sensitive diseases and vulnerable populations in the Arctic and subarctic region.

Methods: A systematic review was conducted.

Ex vivo biomechanical comparison of V-LOC 180® absorbable wound closure device and standard polyglyconate suture for diaphragmatic herniorrhaphy in a canine model.

Objective: To compare 2-0 polyglyconate barbed suture (V-LOC™ 180 Absorbable Wound Closure Device, Covidien, Mansfield, MA) to standard 2-0 monofilament absorbable polyglyconate suture (Maxon™, Covidien) for maximum load to failure and failure mode when used to appose standardized defects in canine diaphragm muscle.

Study Design: Randomized, cadaveric ex vivo mechanical testing.

Sample Population: Canine cadaveric hemi-diaphragmatic specimens (n = 32 pairs).

Brachycephalic airway syndrome: management.

Brachycephalic airway syndrome (BAS) is a group of primary and secondary abnormalities that result in upper airway obstruction. Several of these abnormalities can be addressed medically and/or surgically to improve quality of life. This article reviews potential complications, anesthetic considerations, recovery strategies, and outcomes associated with medical and surgical management of BAS.

Brachycephalic airway syndrome: pathophysiology and diagnosis.

Brachycephalic airway syndrome (BAS) is a group of abnormalities that result in upper airway obstruction. Primary malformations include stenotic nares, elongated soft palate, and hypoplastic trachea, which cause an increase in negative pressure within the upper airways that can eventually lead to secondary abnormalities such as everted laryngeal saccules, everted tonsils, and laryngeal and tracheal collapse. Abnormal nasopharyngeal turbinates are also encountered, but have not been classified as primary or secondary.

Multiple tracheal resections and anastomoses in a blue and gold macaw (Ara ararauna).

A 1.5-year-old, male blue and gold macaw (Ara ararauna) was anesthetized for a health examination and blood collection. The following day it was returned for episodes of coughing.

Zolmitriptan nasal spray in the acute treatment of cluster headache: a meta-analysis of two studies.

Objective: To conduct an individual subject meta-analysis of available controlled studies of zolmitriptan nasal spray in the acute treatment of cluster headache.

Background: Two double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized, crossover studies of zolmitriptan nasal spray in the acute treatment of cluster headache, with similar patient populations, protocol designs, doses, and clinical endpoints have been published.

Methods: In both double-blind studies, each patient was to treat 3 attacks, 1 with placebo, 1 with zolmitriptan 5 mg, and 1 with zolmitriptan 10 mg in a randomized, crossover manner.

Effects of carprofen on the integrity and barrier function of canine colonic mucosa.

Objective: To measure effects of carprofen on conductance and permeability to mannitol and histologic appearance in canine colonic mucosa.

Sample Population: Colonic mucosa from 13 mature mixed-breed dogs. Procedures-Sections of mucosa from the transverse colon and proximal and distal portions of the descending colon were obtained immediately after dogs were euthanized.

Residual stress in sputtered gold films on quartz measured by the cantilever beam deflection technique.

With resonator applications in mind, the residual stress in sputtered gold electrodes on quartz has been investigated with respect to various deposition rates (2, 10, and 50 A/s), pressures (1.0 and 3.0 10(-3) mbar), deposition temperatures (80 degrees C and room temperature (RT)), film thicknesses (approx.

Tracheal resection and anastomosis in a mallard duck (Anas platyrhynchos) with traumatic segmental tracheal collapse.

A male mallard duck (Anas platyrhynchos) presented for examination for acute respiratory distress and lethargy. The duck had experienced recurrent episodes of respiratory distress since being attacked by a raccoon the previous year, resulting in neck lacerations. Diagnostic tests, including a complete blood count, plasma biochemical analysis, radiography, and tracheoscopy, revealed a collapsed trachea.

Beneath the hype: MMA provisions you need to know.

The prescription drug benefit may be the most highly touted aspect of the new Medicare bill, but other provisions have more immediate significance for hospitals.

Mohs micrographic surgery: a technique for total margin assessment in veterinary cutaneous oncologic surgery.

Mohs micrographic surgery (MMS) is the gold standard for the excision of locally invasive cutaneous malignancies in human dermatological surgery. Using a unique horizontal sectioning technique, MMS enables 100% surgical margin assessment and provides the lowest recurrence rates for locally invasive tumours. The purposes of this preliminary study were to explore the feasibility of application of MMS in the veterinary setting and to establish practical advantages and limitations of its use in a pilot programme.

Large trunk wounds.

Management of large trunk wounds begins with good wound management and bandaging. When a healthy wound bed exists and adequate tissue is present, the wound is closed. Fortunately, there is an abundance of loose trunk skin in most animals, and wound closure can be accomplished by simple reconstructive techniques, such as undermining and tension or "walking sutures.

In vitro evaluation of the 18 and 36 kg Securos Cranial Cruciate Ligament Repair System.

Objective: To evaluate the mechanical properties of the 18 and 36 kg Securos Cranial Cruciate Ligament Repair System.

Study Design: In vitro mechanical evaluation.

Sample Population: Loop constructs of 18, 27, and 36 kilogram test (kgt) nylon leader line (NLL) secured with Securos crimp-clamps (SCC, n=40 per NLL test weight) or by a clamped square knot (CSK; n=40/NLL test weight).

Gastric and intestinal surgery.

Gastric surgery is commonly performed to remove foreign bodies and correct gastric dilatation-volvulus and is less commonly performed to treat gastric ulceration or erosion, neoplasia, and benign gastric outflow obstruction. Intestinal surgery, although commonly performed by veterinarians, should never be considered routine. The most common procedures of the small intestinal tract performed in dogs and cats include enterotomy and resection/anastomosis.

Postoperative integrity of veterinary surgical gloves.

A multicenter, prospective study was performed to document the incidence of defective gloves postoperatively in veterinary surgery and to correlate defects with a variety of influencing factors. Gloves were collected after surgical procedures performed by the small animal clinical services at two veterinary teaching hospitals and one institution's student surgery laboratories. Gloves were evaluated for defects using electrical resistance testing.

Surgical education: attitudes toward animal use in teaching surgery at Louisiana State University.

Concerns over the use of animals in teaching have lead to a reduction in the number of live animal laboratories. A survey of 275 students and faculty was conducted to characterize their attitude toward the use of animals in teaching surgery. Respondents favored live animal use.