Enhancing intestinal absorption of a macromolecule through engineered probiotic yeast in the murine gastrointestinal tract.

Oral administration of therapeutic peptides is limited by poor intestinal absorption. Use of engineered microorganisms as drug delivery vehicles can overcome the challenges faced by conventional delivery methods. The potential of engineered microorganisms to act synergistically with the therapeutics they deliver opens new horizons for noninvasive treatment modalities.

Antibiotic treatment recommendations for acute respiratory tract infections in Scandinavian general practices-time for harmonization?

Introduction: During recent years, the world-including Scandinavia-has experienced significant challenges with shortages of antibiotics. In Scandinavia, phenoxymethylpenicillin is recommended as first-line antibiotic treatment for most acute respiratory tract infections (ARTIs). However, the Scandinavian countries each constitute rather small markets for phenoxymethylpenicillin.

Saccharomyces boulardii enhances anti-inflammatory effectors and AhR activation via metabolic interactions in probiotic communities.

Metabolic exchanges between strains in gut microbial communities shape their composition and interactions with the host. This study investigates the metabolic synergy between potential probiotic bacteria and Saccharomyces boulardii, aiming to enhance anti-inflammatory effects within a multi-species probiotic community. By screening a collection of 85 potential probiotic bacterial strains, we identified two strains that demonstrated a synergistic relationship with S.

Use of point-of-care tests in pharyngotonsillitis - a registry-based study in primary health care.

Background: Point-of-care (POC) tests, including C-reactive protein (CRP) tests and rapid antigen detection tests (RADT) for group A streptococci (GAS), are widely used in Swedish primary health care (PHC). This study quantifies their use in pharyngotonsillitis and explore their association with antibiotic prescribing.

Material And Methods: Retrospective data from 2012-2016 in Region Kronoberg, Sweden, included all PHC visits with a pharyngotonsillitis diagnosis.

Global C tracing and metabolic flux analysis of intact human liver tissue ex vivo.

Liver metabolism is central to human physiology and influences the pathogenesis of common metabolic diseases. Yet, our understanding of human liver metabolism remains incomplete, with much of current knowledge based on animal or cell culture models that do not fully recapitulate human physiology. Here, we perform in-depth measurement of metabolism in intact human liver tissue ex vivo using global C tracing, non-targeted mass spectrometry and model-based metabolic flux analysis.

Advanced microbiome therapeutics as a novel modality for oral delivery of peptides to manage metabolic diseases.

The rising prevalence of metabolic diseases calls for innovative treatments. Peptide-based drugs have transformed the management of conditions such as obesity and type 2 diabetes. Yet, challenges persist in oral delivery of these peptides.

Associations between food intake and psychosomatic symptoms in 16-year-old adolescents.

Aims: An increase in psychosomatic symptoms among adolescents has recently been reported. Few studies have examined the relation between food intake and psychosomatic symptoms. The aim was to study the association between food intake and overall psychosomatic burden and separate psychosomatic symptoms.

Factors influencing antibiotic prescribing for respiratory tract infections in primary care - a comparison of physicians with different antibiotic prescribing rates.

Background: There has been a notable decrease in antibiotic prescribing in the last thirty years in Sweden. Little is known about factors influencing antibiotic prescribing over several years.

Objective: To compare primary care physicians who, over time, reduced their antibiotic prescribing for respiratory tract infections with those who remained either high or low prescribers regarding potentially influencing factors.

Symptoms predictive of Fusobacterium necrophorum pharyngotonsillitis - an observational study of cases presenting to hospitals in Southern Sweden.

Objectives: Fusobacterium necrophorum is a common cause of pharyngotonsillitis. However, no guidelines exist on when to diagnose or treat it. We aimed to investigate associations between clinical criteria and F.

Management and documentation of pneumonia - a comparison of patients consulting primary care and emergency care.

Objective: To compare management and documentation of vital signs, symptoms and infection severity in pneumonia patients seeking primary care and emergency care without referral.

Design: Medical record review of vital signs, examination findings and severity of pneumonia.

Setting: Primary and emergency care.

Saccharomyces boulardii promoters for control of gene expression in vivo.

Background: Interest in the use of engineered microbes to deliver therapeutic activities has increased in recent years. The probiotic yeast Saccharomyces boulardii has been investigated for production of therapeutics in the gastrointestinal tract. Well-characterised promoters are a prerequisite for robust therapeutic expression in the gut; however, S.

The use and usefulness of point-of-care tests in patients with pharyngotonsillitis - an observational study in primary health care.

Background: Rapid antigen detection tests (RADT) for Group A streptococci (GAS) and point-of-care tests for C-reactive protein (CRP) are commonly used in patients with pharyngotonsillitis in Sweden and Denmark although CRP testing is not supported by guidelines. We aimed to describe (1) the proportion of patients tested with RADT and/or CRP, (2) the relation between test results and antibiotic prescribing, and (3) the association between CRP level and microbial aetiology.

Methods: We used a post-hoc-analysis of data collected in primary health care in a prospective aetiological study of 220 patients 15-45 years old diagnosed with pharyngotonsillitis.

Using microbiological data to improve the use of antibiotics for respiratory tract infections: A protocol for an individual patient data meta-analysis.

Background: Resistance to antibiotics is rising and threatens future antibiotic effectiveness. 'Antibiotic targeting' ensures patients who may benefit from antibiotics receive them, while being safely withheld from those who may not. Point-of-care tests may assist with antibiotic targeting by allowing primary care clinicians to establish if symptomatic patients have a viral, bacterial, combined, or no infection.

Different antibiotic treatments for group A streptococcal pharyngitis.

Background: Antibiotics provide only modest benefit in treating sore throat, although their effectiveness increases in people with positive throat swabs for group A beta-haemolytic streptococci (GABHS). It is unclear which antibiotic is the best choice if antibiotics are indicated. This is an update of a review first published in 2010, and updated in 2013, 2016, and 2021.

Cold Exposure and Oral Delivery of GLP-1R Agonists by an Engineered Probiotic Yeast Strain Have Antiobesity Effects in Mice.

Advanced microbiome therapeutics (AMTs) holds promise in utilizing engineered microbes such as bacteria or yeasts for innovative therapeutic applications, including the delivery of therapeutic peptides. Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists, such as Exendin-4, have emerged as potential treatments for type 2 diabetes and obesity. However, current administration methods face challenges with patient adherence and low oral bioavailability.

Engineering minimal tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinase targeting MMPs via gene shuffling and yeast surface display.

Overexpression of specific matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) has a key role in development of several diseases, such as cancer, neurological disorders, and cardiovascular diseases due to their critical role in degradation and remodeling of the extracellular matrix (ECM). Tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs), a family of four in humans, are endogenous inhibitors of MMPs. TIMPs have a high level of sequence and structure homology, with a broad range of binding and inhibition to the family of MMPs.

Hypertension management in primary health care: a survey in eight regions of Sweden.

Purpose: To explore hypertension management in primary healthcare (PHC).

Design: Structured interviews of randomly selected PHC centres (PHCCs) from December 2019 to January 2021.

Setting: Seventy-six PHCCs in eight regions of Sweden.

Antibiotic Treatment for Lower Respiratory Tract Infections in Primary Care: A Register-Based Study Examining the Role of Radiographic Imaging.

When imaging (i.e., chest-x-ray or computed tomography) is used to differentiate between acute bronchitis and pneumonia, many patients are being prescribed antibiotics despite the absence of radiographic pneumonia signs.

Quality of life, sense of coherence and occupational balance one year after an occupational therapy intervention for people with depression and anxiety disorders.

Background: Quality of life (QOL), sense of coherence (SOC) and occupational balance (OB) have been found to increase after rehabilitation among people living with depression and anxiety. However, these aspects have not been investigated over time in participants with different paid work situations, such as being on sick leave or not.

Objective: To describe and compare the self-rated QOL, SOC and OB after participation in occupational therapy in three groups of people with depression and anxiety disorders based on their work situation during the study period: continuous sick leave, return to work and continuous work.

Overcoming the struggle of living with type 2 diabetes - diabetes specialist nurses' and patients' perspectives on digital interventions.

Background: Diabetes self-management education and support (DSMES) is a cornerstone in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). It is unclear whether delivering DSMES as a digital health intervention (DHI) might meet the needs experienced by patients with T2DM and diabetes specialist nurses (DSN) of the primary health care system in Sweden.

Methods: Fourteen patients with T2DM and four DSN participated in three separate focus groups: two groups comprised patients and one group comprised DSN.

Agreement between rapid antigen detection test and culture for group A streptococcus in patients recently treated for pharyngotonsillitis - a prospective observational study in primary care.

Objective: The aim was to compare rapid antigen detection test (RADT) and throat culture for group A streptococci (GAS) among patients recently treated with penicillin V for GAS pharyngotonsillitis.

Design And Setting: The study was a secondary analysis within a randomized controlled trial comparing 5 versus 10 days of penicillin V for GAS pharyngotonsillitis. Patients were recruited at 17 primary health care centres in Sweden.

Effects of penicillin V on the faecal microbiota in patients with pharyngotonsillitis-an observational study.

Background: The intestinal microbiota functions as a reservoir of antibiotic resistance.

Objectives: To evaluate penicillin V (phenoxymethylpenicillin) effects on the faecal microbiota with focus on beta-lactam resistance.

Methods: We included 31 primary care patients with group A streptococcal pharyngotonsillitis treated with penicillin V for 5 (800 mg × 4) or 10 days (1000 mg × 3).