The polymeric fluoropyrimidine CF10 overcomes limitations of 5-FU in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma cells through increased replication stress.

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a lethal disease soon to become the second leading cause of cancer deaths in the US. Beside surgery, current therapies have narrow clinical benefits with systemic toxicities. FOLFIRINOX is the current standard of care, one component of which is 5- Fluorouracil (5-FU), which causes serious gastrointestinal and hematopoietic toxicities and is vulnerable to resistance mechanisms.

Coprecipitation of Ce(III) oxide with UO.

The neutralization of acidic solutions containing U (IV) and Ce (III) at room temperature in glove box atmosphere and in the presence of dithionite results in coprecipitation of these elements as amorphous solid solutions CeUO. The solubilities of the precipitates with different mole fractions (x) of Ce(OH) (x = 0.01 or 0.

Recruitment of CXCR4+ type 1 innate lymphoid cells distinguishes sarcoidosis from other skin granulomatous diseases.

Sarcoidosis is a multiorgan granulomatous disease that lacks diagnostic biomarkers and targeted treatments. Using blood and skin from patients with sarcoid and non-sarcoid skin granulomas, we discovered that skin granulomas from different diseases exhibit unique immune cell recruitment and molecular signatures. Sarcoid skin granulomas were specifically enriched for type 1 innate lymphoid cells (ILC1s) and B cells and exhibited molecular programs associated with formation of mature tertiary lymphoid structures (TLSs), including increased CXCL12/CXCR4 signaling.

Comparison of preoxygenation using a tight facemask, humidified high-flow nasal oxygen and a standard nasal cannula - a volunteer, randomised, crossover study.

Background: Preoxygenation before anaesthesia induction is routinely performed via a tight-fitting facemask or humidified high-flow nasal oxygen. We hypothesised that effective preoxygenation, assessed by end-tidal oxygen (EtO 2 ) levels, can also be performed via a standard nasal cannula.

Objective: This study compared the efficacy of preoxygenation between a traditional facemask, humidified high-flow nasal oxygen and a standard nasal cannula.

Implementation of an extracorporeal resuscitation (ECPR) program for out-of-hospital cardiac arrest in Stockholm, Sweden: Feasibility, safety, and outcome.

Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the implementation of a novel extra corporeal cardiopulmonary (ECPR) program in the greater Stockholm area with focus on feasibility, safety aspects and clinical outcomes.

Methods: Prospective observational study of ECPR program including patients with OHCA from January 2020 to December 2022, fulfilling ECPR criteria: age 18-65 years, initial shockable rhythm or pulseless electrical activity, witnessed arrest, bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation and refractory arrest after three cycles of advance cardiac life support. The predefined time threshold from collapse to extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) initiation was set at 60 min.

Pre-oxygenation using high-flow nasal oxygen versus tight facemask in trauma patients undergoing emergency anaesthesia.

Background: Patients suffering from major traumatic injuries frequently require emergency anaesthesia. Due to often compromised physiology and the time-sensitive management, trauma patients may be more prone to desaturate during induction of anaesthesia. We hypothesised that pre-oxygenation using high-flow nasal oxygen would decrease the risk of desaturation during induction of anaesthesia in trauma patients and the study therefore aimed to compare the frequency of desaturation when pre-oxygenation was performed with high-flow nasal oxygen or a traditional facemask.

Pre-oxygenation using high-flow nasal oxygen in parturients undergoing caesarean section in general anaesthesia: A prospective, multi-centre, pilot study.

Background: Parturients undergoing caesarean section in general anaesthesia have an increased risk of desaturating during anaesthesia induction. Pre- and peri-oxygenation with high-flow nasal oxygen prolong the safe apnoea time but data on parturients undergoing caesarean section under general anaesthesia are limited. This pilot study aimed to investigate the clinical effects and frequency of desaturation in parturients undergoing caesarean section in general anaesthesia pre- and peri-oxygenated with high-flow nasal oxygen and compare this to traditional pre-oxygenation using a facemask.

The introduction of a novel formulation of buprenorphine into organized health systems.

Background: Effective medications for opioid use disorder (MOUD) are underutilized. This exploratory study used real-world data to analyze US distribution patterns of buprenorphine extended-release (BUP-XR) within organized health systems (OHS), including the Veterans Health Administration (VHA), Indian Health Service (IHS), criminal justice system (CJS), and integrated delivery networks (IDNs).

Methods: National BUP-XR distribution data within each OHS were available from WNS Global Services and were evaluated from July 2019 through July 2020.

Mitochondrial Genomes of the American Dog Tick (Dermacentor variabilis) Isolated from Horses in the Midwestern United States.

Here, we report two complete and three partial mitochondrial genome sequences of Dermacentor variabilis specimens collected from horses in the United States. The complete genomes are 14,837 bp long and contain 13 protein-coding genes, 2 rRNA genes, and 22 tRNA genes. The sequences have been deposited under GenBank accession numbers ON052120 to ON052124.

Gamma spectrometric measurement of uranium isotopic composition and mass in sintered UO pellets using the efficiency transfer method.

Gamma spectrometric measurements to determine the isotopic composition and total uranium mass in UO pellets (D = 7.5 mm; H = 3.5 mm, ρ = 10 g/cm) were carried out.

Relationship between surgical volume and outcomes in elective and acute cholecystectomy: nationwide, observational study.

Background: High surgical volumes are attributed to improved quality of care, especially for extensive procedures. However, it remains unknown whether high-volume surgeons and hospitals have better results in gallstone surgery. The aim of this study was to investigate whether operative volume affects outcomes in cholecystectomies.

Characteristics and outcome of traumatic cardiac arrest at a level 1 trauma centre over 10 years in Sweden.

Background: Historically, resuscitation in traumatic cardiac arrest (TCA) has been deemed futile. However, recent literature reports improved but varying survival. Current European guidelines emphasise the addressing of reversible aetiologies in TCA and propose that a resuscitative thoracotomy may be performed within 15 min from last sign of life.

A Tailored Approach to Laparoscopic Fundoplication: Outcomes in Patients with Esophageal Dysmotility.

Background: Esophageal dysmotility is a common finding in patients being evaluated for antireflux surgery, although its implication remains unclear. We aimed to evaluate outcomes of patients with esophageal dysmotility after fundoplication.

Methods: A retrospective review of a prospective quality-database was performed.

Analysis of the complete mitochondrial genomes of Dermacentor albipictus suggests a species complex.

Dermacentor albipictus is a one-host tick broadly distributed across North America. There are two easily recognizable color variants - ornate and inornate/brown - that have been taxonomically synonymized. Based on mt-cox1 and mt-16S data, there is also evidence for two genetic lineages which do not match the color variants.

Metabolite Pattern Derived from Lactiplantibacillus plantarum-Fermented Rye Foods and In Vitro Gut Fermentation Synergistically Inhibits Bacterial Growth.

Scope: Fermentation improves many food characteristics using microbes, such as lactic acid bacteria (LAB). Recent studies suggest fermentation may also enhance the health properties, but mechanistic evidence is lacking. The study aims to identify a metabolite pattern reproducibly produced during sourdough and in vitro colonic fermentation of various whole-grain rye products and how it affects the growth of bacterial species of potential importance to health and disease.

Bullous systemic lupus erythematosus in females.

Bullous systemic lupus erythematosus (BSLE) is a rare blistering presentation of systemic lupus erythematosus, typically affecting women with the highest incidence in those of African descent. The key pathogenic insult includes the formation of autoantibodies against type VII collagen, which weaken the basement membrane zone and lead to the formation of subepidermal blisters. The acute vesiculobullous eruptions in BSLE generally tend to affect photo-distributed areas, although they can arise unrelated to sun exposure (eg, mucous membranes, axillae).

Molecular Mechanisms of Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma.

Non-melanoma skin cancers are cutaneous malignancies representing the most common form of cancer in the United States. They are comprised predominantly of basal cell carcinomas and squamous cell carcinomas (cSCC). The incidence of cSCC is increasing, resulting in substantial morbidity and ever higher treatment costs; currently in excess of one billion dollars, per annum.

Learning by doing: an observational study of the learning curve for ultrasonic fundus-first dissection in elective cholecystectomy.

Background: Surgical safety and patient-related outcomes are important considerations when introducing new surgical techniques. Studies about the learning curves for different surgical procedures are sparse. The aim of this observational study was to evaluate the learning curve for ultrasonic fundus-first (FF) dissection in elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC).

Clinical, pathologic, and molecular analyses of superficial low-grade fibromyxoid sarcoma in two young patients: A rare and deceptive mimic of benignancy.

Low-grade fibromyxoid sarcoma (LGFMS) is a histopathologically deceptive soft tissue neoplasm with bland cytology, which is typically encountered in deep soft tissue of adults. We report two cases of superficial LGFMS in young patients (16 and 21 years old, respectively), which were difficult to diagnose on histopathologic and clinical findings alone. LGFMS commonly mimics benign neoplasms such as cellular neurothekeoma, fibromatosis, neurofibroma, and perineurioma.

Effects of switching from a metered dose inhaler to a dry powder inhaler on climate emissions and asthma control: post-hoc analysis.

Objective: To compare the effects of switching from a pressurised metered dose inhaler (pMDI)-based to a dry powder inhaler (DPI)-based maintenance therapy versus continued usual care on greenhouse gas emissions (carbon dioxide equivalents, COe) and asthma control.

Methods: This post-hoc analysis was based on a subset of 2236 (53%) patients from the Salford Lung Study in Asthma who at baseline were using a pMDI-based controller therapy. During the study patients were randomised to fluticasone furoate/vilanterol (FF/VI) via the ELLIPTA DPI (switched from pMDI to DPI) (n=1081) or continued their usual care treatment (n=1155), and were managed in conditions close to everyday clinical practice.

NF-κB perturbation reveals unique immunomodulatory functions in Prx1 fibroblasts that promote development of atopic dermatitis.

Skin is composed of diverse cell populations that cooperatively maintain homeostasis. Up-regulation of the nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) pathway may lead to the development of chronic inflammatory disorders of the skin, but its role during the early events remains unclear. Through analysis of single-cell RNA sequencing data via iterative random forest leave one out prediction, an explainable artificial intelligence method, we identified an immunoregulatory role for a unique paired related homeobox-1 (Prx1) fibroblast subpopulation.