Horizontal Transmission in COVID-19 Patients Hospitalized in Intensive Care Unit.

Background: Invasive candidiasis is a predominant mycosis in hospitalized patients, and is the species most often responsible for this infection. Most candidiasis cases originate from endogenous mycobiota; therefore, strains can easily be transferred among hospital patients and personnel. The aim of this study was to assess the possible horizontal transmission of in patients with severe COVID-19 infection requiring hospitalization in the intensive care unit.

PDIA iminosugar influence on subcutaneous and infections in mice.

Introduction: Biofilm-associated infections persist as a therapeutic challenge in contemporary medicine. The efficacy of antibiotic therapies is ineffective in numerous instances, necessitating a heightened focus on exploring novel anti-biofilm medical strategies. Among these, iminosugars emerge as a distinctive class of compounds displaying promising biofilm inhibition properties.

Editorial for Special Issue "Effects of Probiotics on Health".

Since 1987, when Professor Sherwood Gorbach discovered, characterized, and commercialized the first probiotic , a total of over 17,000 publications have been indexed in PubMed under "probiotic" and "health", which is an extensive amount of research on the specific bacteria and yeasts defined as "live microorganisms that, when administered in adequate amounts, exert a health benefit on the host" [...

Epidemiology of neonatal sepsis in two neonatal intensive care units in Krakow, Poland in 2016-2017 years.

Background: Sepsis in low-birth-weight neonates remains one of the most significant causes of neonatal morbidity and mortality. Approximately 3 million newborns suffer from sepsis globally every year. The aim of this study was to compare demographic and clinical features, as well as etiology and antibiotic susceptibility, of the main pathogens related to neonatal sepsis in two neonatal intensive units during a two-year period.

Special Issue "An Update on Lactobacillus": Editorial.

As indicated in the introduction to this Special Issue, as of 2020, the original genus comprised over 260 recognized species, a figure which is probably much higher now [...

COVID-19-Associated Pulmonary Aspergillosis in Intensive Care Unit Patients from Poland.

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been shown to be a favoring factor for aspergillosis, especially in a severe course requiring admission to the intensive care unit (ICU). The aim of the study was to assess the morbidity of CAPA among ICU patients in Poland and to analyze applied diagnostic and therapeutic procedures. Medical documentation of patients hospitalized at the temporary COVID-19 dedicated ICU of the University Hospital in Krakow, Poland, from May 2021 to January 2022 was analyzed.

Corrigendum: SARS-CoV-2 antibody response after mRNA vaccination in healthcare workers with and without previous COVID-19, a follow-up study from the University Hospital in Krakow, Poland.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.

SARS-CoV-2 antibody response after mRNA vaccination in healthcare workers with and without previous COVID-19, a follow-up study from a university hospital in Poland during 6 months 2021.

Introduction: Healthcare workers (HCWs) from the beginning of the pandemic have been at risk of exposure to SARS-CoV-2, so they were vaccinated as first.

Objectives: The purpose of the study was to determine the level of antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 in HCWs before and after vaccination with mRNA preparations according to previous COVID- 19.

Patients And Methods: The HCWs from the University Hospital in Krakow completed two surveys: the baseline survey before receiving the first dose of vaccine (in January 2021) and the follow-up survey in June 2021.

PDIA, an Iminosugar Compound with a Wide Biofilm Inhibitory Spectrum Covering Both Gram-Positive and Gram-Negative Human Bacterial Pathogens.

Many difficult-to-treat human infections related to catheters and other indwelling devices are caused by bacteria residing in biofilms. One of the key properties of microorganisms residing in a biofilm is decreased susceptibility towards antimicrobial agents. Therefore, many different approaches have been researched to destroy or inhibit biofilm production by bacteria.

Preparedness of Health Care Workers and Medical Students in University Hospital in Krakow for COVID-19 Pandemic within the CRACoV Project.

Backgrounds Health care workers' (HCWs) knowledge of and compliance with personal protective procedures is a key for patients' and personnel safety. The aim of this study was to assess which factors are associated with higher self-evaluations of training on infection prevention and control (IPC) and higher self-assessment of IPC practices used by HCWs regarding COVID-19 in University Hospital in Krakow, Poland, in January 2021. Material and methods This was an online survey on the preparedness for COVID-19 epidemic of medical/non-medical staff and medical students.

Explanatory survival model for nursing home residents- a 9-year retrospective cohort study.

Purpose: There is a gap in the literature regarding the analysis of long-term survival and mortality risk factors among disabled and multimorbid institutionalized populations. The study aimed to analyze 9-year survival, investigate mortality factors, and develop an explanatory survival model for nursing home residents.

Materials And Methods: A retrospective cohort study with a 9-year follow-up (2009-2018) was conducted among 96 residents of a nursing home with Barthel index ≤ 40.

What factors influence the long-term survival of nursing home residents with severe disabilities?

B a c k g r o u n d / A i m: Factors influencing the survival of the nursing home population have not yet been clearly defined. The aim of the study was to investigate the impact of nutritional, mental, functional, disease and pharmacological factors on the survival of nursing home residents with severe disabilities. Material and Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted with a 9-year follow-up period among nursing home residents with a Barthel score ≤40.

Is treated hypertension associated with a lower 1-year mortality among older multimorbid residents of long-term care facilities?

Introduction: Long-term care facility (LTCF) residents are typically excluded from clinical trials due to multimorbidity, dementia, and frailty, so there are no clear evidence-based rules for treating arterial hypertension in this population. Moreover, the role of hypertension as mortality risk factor in LTCFs has not yet been clearly established.

Objectives: The study aimed to investigate whether treated hypertension is associated with lower mortality among older LTCF residents with multimorbidity.

Effect of a Short-Time Probiotic Supplementation on the Abundance of the Main Constituents of the Gut Microbiota of Term Newborns Delivered by Cesarean Section-A Randomized, Prospective, Controlled Clinical Trial.

The gut microbiota plays a pivotal role in the maintenance of human health. Numerous factors, including the mode of delivery, impact early gut colonization in newborns. Recent research focuses on the use of probiotics in the prevention of gut dysbiosis in newborns delivered by cesarean section (CS).

Coagulase-Negative Staphylococci Contained in Gut Microbiota as a Primary Source of Sepsis in Low- and Very Low Birth Weight Neonates.

Background: There are only a few reports in the literature about translocation of coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) as a primary cause of sepsis in neonates, although CoNS are among a short list of "translocating" bacteria when present in abundance.

Methods: 468 blood samples, 119 stool samples, and 8 catheter tips, from 311 neonates, were tested for presence of microorganisms. CoNS strains isolated from the blood and stool or from blood and catheter tip of the same newborn at approximately the same time were paired and typed with PFGE (Pulse-Field Gel Electrophoresis) method.

Neonate Bloodstream Infections in Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development Countries: An Update on Epidemiology and Prevention.

The term neonatal sepsis is used to describe a generalized bloodstream infection of bacterial, viral, or fungal origin which is associated with hemodynamic changes and other clinical symptoms and signs, however, there is no unified definition. There are no basic criteria regarding differentiation of early-onset sepsis (EOS) versus late-onset sepsis (LOS). Stratification used in studies on neonatal sepsis also rarely includes the general condition of the newborn according to unambiguous assessment at birth, which hampers the establishment of a clear, uniform epidemiological description of neonatal sepsis.

Lactobacilli with superoxide dismutase-like or catalase activity are more effective in alleviating inflammation in an inflammatory bowel disease mouse model.

Purpose: Some lactobacilli, which possess superoxide dismutase-like activity and catalase activity naturally, have strong antioxidative properties. The aim of this study was to identify such strains and check which of them play a crucial role in alleviating intestinal inflammation.

Methods: We selected two strains for use in animal studies: 30B (which has the highest catalase activity) and 900 (which has the highest dismutase-like activity).

Effects of oral probiotic supplementation on gut and populations and the clinical status of low-birth-weight preterm neonates: a multicenter randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.

Aim: Probiotic bacteria administered directly after birth to preterm neonates may improve gastrointestinal function and may reduce the incidence of late-onset sepsis, which is a frequent complication in this group.

Purpose: The main objective of this study was to evaluate whether a new probiotic bacterial mixture of KL53A and PB04 given to preterm, low-birth-weight neonates would influence composition of their gut microbiota and sepsis rates.

Patients And Methods: This study was a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial conducted in clinical centers of neonatal care in Poland.

Genital infections in young adults - a school-based bio-behavioural study in urban areas, Poland, 2012 to 2015.

Context and AimOne of the most common sexually transmitted pathogens disproportionately affecting young people is (CT). This study aimed to assess prevalence of CT among sexually active students (aged 18-19 years) in their final years of high school education in Warsaw and Krakow. The sample was selected from 61 clusters, each cluster representing one school.

Treatment of Cardiovascular Diseases Among Elderly Residents of Long-term Care Facilities.

Background: The prevalence of cardiovascular diseases among nursing home residents is high but little is known whether pharmacologic therapy recommended by actual medication guidelines is followed by facility's staff.

Aim: To evaluate the adherence to actual guidelines for treatment of cardiovascular diseases among older adult residents of long-term care (LTC) facilities.

Material And Methods: The cross-sectional study was performed from December 2009 to November 2010 among 189 elderly residents aged ≥60 years in 3 LTC facilities in Poland: 1 long-term care hospital (LTCH) and 2 nursing homes (NHs).

Clinical and microbiological aspects of the use of Lactobacillus rhamnosus PL1 strains in proctological patients with symptoms of chronic proctitis.

Unlabelled: Recurrent proctitis and the symptoms associated therewith pose significant clinical problem in proctological patients. The objective of this study was to assess the impact of the probiotic Lactobacillus rhamnosus PL1 strain on the clinical presentation and composition of intestinal microbiota in patients with symptoms of proctitis in the course of hemorrhoidal disease and diverticulosis. Material consisted of 24 patients in whom no complete clinical improvement could be obtained after the treatment of the underlying disease.

Experimental model for acute kidney injury caused by uropathogenic Escherichia coli.

Introduction: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is the rapid deterioration of renal function, diagnosed on the basis of an increase in serum creatinine and abnormal urinary parameters. AKI is associated with increased risk of mortality or chronic kidney disease (CKD). The aim of the study was to develop an experimental model for AKI resulting from Escherichia coli-induced pyelonephritis.

The virulence factors of group A streptococcus strains isolated from invasive and non-invasive infections in Polish and German centres, 2009-2011.

Streptococcus pyogenes (GAS) is one of the major human pathogenic bacteria that cause a wide range of diseases. Currently, increased incidence of streptococcal invasive infections is observed worldwide. In this study, we focused on the prevalence of genes encoding superantigens and type M proteins in the population of GAS strains from invasive versus non-invasive infections.

The dual role of Escherichia coli in the course of ulcerative colitis.

Background: This study examines the dual role of Escherichia coli in the course of ulcerative colitis (UC). The intestinal microbiota is considered to play an important role in UC pathogenesis, but how E. coli contributes to inflammation in UC is still unknown.

Effects of the Selected Iminosugar Derivatives on Pseudomonas aeruginosa Biofilm Formation.

A lack of an effective way to eliminate pathogenic bacteria hidden in the biofilm is a major problem in the treatment of chronic bacterial infections. Iminosugar derivatives are potential candidates for inhibitors of enzymes taking part in the biosynthesis of exopolysaccharides, which are forming bacterial biofilm. Investigated iminosugars were studied either at an early stage of biofilm formation or later on when the mature biofilm of Pseudomonas aeruginosa was already formed.