Cationic-motif-modified exosomes for mRNA delivery to retinal photoreceptors.

Topical treatment of vitreoretinal diseases remains a challenge due to slow corneal uptake and systemic clearance. Exosomes are emerging nanocarriers for drug delivery due to biocompatibility and cellular targeting properties. To apply them for retinal targeting the topical route, exosomes must traverse various ocular barriers including the cornea, lens, vitreous humor (VH), and the retina itself.

Milk exosomes anchored with hydrophilic and zwitterionic motifs enhance mucus permeability for applications in oral gene delivery.

Exosomes have emerged as a promising tool for the delivery of drugs and genetic materials, owing to their biocompatibility and non-immunogenic nature. However, challenges persist in achieving successful oral delivery due to their susceptibility to degradation in the harsh gastrointestinal (GI) environment and impeded transport across the mucus-epithelium barrier. To overcome these challenges, we have developed high-purity bovine milk exosomes (mExo) as a scalable and efficient oral drug delivery system, which can be customized by incorporating hydrophilic and zwitterionic motifs on their surface.

Respiratory mechanics following chronic cigarette smoke exposure in the Apoe[Formula: see text] mouse model.

Even though cigarette smoking (CS) has been on the decline over the past 50 years, it is still the leading cause of preventable premature death in the United States. Preclinical models have investigated the cardiopulmonary effects of CS exposure (CSE), but the structure-function relationship in the respiratory system has not yet been fully explored. To evaluate these relationships, we exposed female apolipoprotein E-deficient (Apoe[Formula: see text]) mice to mainstream CS ([Formula: see text]) for 5 days/week over 24 weeks with room air as a control (AE, [Formula: see text]).