Levels of Plasma Endothelin-1, Circulating Endothelial Cells, Endothelial Progenitor Cells, and Cytokines after Cardiopulmonary Bypass in Children with Congenital Heart Disease: Role of Endothelin-1 Regulation.

Congenital heart disease (CHD) can be complicated by pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). Cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) for corrective surgery may cause endothelial dysfunction, involving endothelin-1 (ET-1), circulating endothelial cells (CECs), and endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs). These markers can gauge disease severity, but their levels in children's peripheral blood still lack consensus for prognostic value.

Brain anatomopathological findings in neonates with congenital heart disease.

Introduction: Neonates with congenital heart disease can develop neurological problems, which is why it is important to know the time and extent at which these lesions occur in order to elucidate their causes and implications.

Objective: To describe brain morphological alterations in autopsies of neonates with congenital heart disease.

Methods: The cases of neonates with congenital heart disease and complete autopsy registered in the pathology department from 2009 to 2019 were included.

Experience of Minimally Invasive Surgery in Neonates with Congenital Malformations in a Tertiary Care Pediatric Hospital.

Aim: The aim of this study is to report the experience with minimally invasive surgery (MIS) in neonates with congenital malformations in a tertiary care pediatric hospital.

Materials And Methods: Design: descriptive study. All neonates undergoing MIS from 2013 to 2018 were included in the study.

Neurological repercussions of changes in cerebral blood flow in neonates undergoing cardiovascular surgery.

Introduction: Surgery for congenital heart disease can generate cerebral perfusion-associated alterations with neurological repercussions.

Objective: To analyze the relationship of peri-surgical cerebrovascular resistance index (RI) with mediate neurological functions after congenital heart disease surgery.

Method: Prospective cohort study of 34 neonates in whom basilar artery RI, serum oxygen, carbon dioxide and lactate levels were determined before and after palliative or corrective procedures.

Two parenteral amino acid solutions and plasma levels of amino acids in the neonate: A randomized trial.

Objective: In neonates on total parenteral nutrition (TPN), amino acids may be a risk factor for developing total parenteral nutrition-associated cholestasis (TPNAC). We aimed, first, to compare methionine, cysteine, and taurine plasma levels between neonates on TPN who were receiving an intravenous amino acid solution based on a breast milk aminogram and those on an intravenous solution of pediatric amino acids based on an umbilical cord aminogram, and second, to determine the frequency of TPNAC.

Methods: A double-blind randomized controlled trial was conducted.

Risk Factors for Central Line-Associated Bloodstream Infection in Critically Ill Neonates.

Objective: To identify independent risk factors to develop a central line- associated bloodstream infection (CLABSI) in critically ill neonates with major underlying diseases.

Methods: A nested case-control study was conducted in a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). Patients with a central venous catheter (CVC) were included.

[Frecuencia y gravedad de la retinopatía del prematuro en una unidad de cuidados intensivos neonatales].

Introduction: Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is a disease where retinal blood vessels do not develop normally and may cause visual damage and blindness.

Objective: To determine the frequency and severity of ROP in preterm newborns.

Method: A descriptive, comparative study was carried out within the 2009-2013 period.

Risk factors for nosocomial infections after cardiac surgery in newborns with congenital heart disease.

Background: Congenital heart diseases are among the most common congenital malformations. Approximately 50% of the patients with congenital heart disease undergo cardiac surgery. Nosocomial infections (NIs) are the main complications and an important cause of increased morbidity and mortality associated with congenital heart diseases.

Risk Factors for Intracardiac Thrombosis in the Right Atrium and Superior Vena Cava in Critically Ill Neonates who Required the Installation of a Central Venous Catheter.

Background: Central venous catheter (CVC) installation is essential for the treatment of critically ill neonates; however, it is associated with the development of neonatal intracardiac thrombosis, which is a complication that is associated with a poor prognosis. We aimed to identify specific risk factors for the development of intracardiac thrombosis in the right atrium (RA) and superior vena cava (SVC) related to the use of CVC in critically ill neonates.

Methods: A case-control study was conducted at the tertiary referral neonatal intensive care unit of the Pediatric Hospital Siglo XXI in Mexico City, Mexico from 2008 to 2013.

[Research in pediatrics].

In the interest of encouraging the promotion of research done by physicians of the Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, in this supplement we publish articles written by residents of different specialties related to critical themes on pediatrics. These residents are guided by affiliated physicians from the Hospital de Pediatría del Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI.

[Reliability and validity of an instrument to evaluate integral clinical competence in medical residents].

Background: The evaluation of clinical competence in medical residents is a complex procedure. Teachers need reliable and valid instruments to evaluate objectively the, clinical competence. The aim of this study was to determine the reliability and validity of an instrument designed to evaluate the clinical competence of medical residents.

Evaluation of antihypoxemic maneuvers before tracheal aspiration in mechanically ventilated newborns.

Periodical tracheal aspiration in mechanically ventilated patients is necessary to remove mucus from the airways. In children and adults, this procedure causes transient hypoxemia, which may be prevented by hyperoxia and/or hyperventilation. These findings, however, have not been sufficiently assessed in newborn infants.

[Prognostic factors associated with mortality in newborns with congenital diaphragmatic hernia].

Unlabelled: The objective was to identify prognostic factors associated with mortality in newborns with congenital diaphragmatic hernia.

Methods: Study design was cases and controls nested in a cohort. We studied 65 newborns.