Development and Usability of the OHiFamily Mobile App to Enhance Accessibility to Maternal and Infant Information for Expectant Families in Ohio: Qualitative Study.

Background: The Infant Mortality Research Partnership in Ohio is working to help pregnant individuals and families on Medicaid who are at risk for infant mortality and preterm birth. As part of this initiative, researchers at The Ohio State University worked to develop a patient-facing mobile app, OHiFamily, targeted toward, and created for, this population. To address the social determinants of health that can affect maternal and infant health, the app provides curated information on community resources, health care services, and educational materials in a format that is easily accessible and intended to facilitate contact between families and resources.

Preliminary Effectiveness of a One-Week Summer Day Camp for Improving Children's Health Behaviors and Psychosocial Well-Being Outcomes.

Purpose: Summer day camp offers children opportunities to grow knowledge and skills, be physically active, and have fun. Compared to healthy children, at-risk children (i.e.

Clinical performance of existing diagnostic criteria for pneumonia in older emergency patients: A prospective cohort study.

Background: Pneumonia accounts for over half a million older adult emergency department (ED) visits annually, but ED pneumonia diagnosis is inaccurate. Geriatric-specific pneumonia diagnostic criteria exist for other settings; no prospective data exist to determine if application in the older adult ED population is feasible. The objective was to prospectively evaluate the utility of four current diagnostic criteria (Loeb; Modified McGeer; Infectious Disease Society of America/American Thoracic Society; American College of Emergency Physicians) in older adult ED patients.

Leveraging Machine Learning for Advanced Nanoscale X-ray Analysis: Unmixing Multicomponent Signals and Enhancing Chemical Quantification.

Energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy in the transmission electron microscope is a key tool for nanomaterials analysis, providing a direct link between spatial and chemical information. However, using it for precisely determining chemical compositions presents challenges of noisy data from low X-ray yields and mixed signals from phases that overlap along the electron beam trajectory. Here, we introduce a novel method, non-negative matrix factorization based pan-sharpening (PSNMF), to address these limitations.

The effect of histopathologic analysis and tissue cultures on inpatient management of cellulitis: a randomized control trial.

Background: In the absence of a gold-standard diagnostic modality for cellulitis, sterile inflammatory disorders may be misdiagnosed as cellulitis.

Objective: To determine the utility of skin biopsy and tissue culture for the diagnosis and management of patients admitted with a diagnosis of presumed cellulitis.

Design: Pilot single-blind parallel group randomized controlled clinical trial in 56 patients with a primary diagnosis of presumed cellulitis.

Non-negative matrix factorization-aided phase unmixing and trace element quantification of STEM-EDXS data.

Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDXS) mapping with a scanning transmission electron microscope (STEM) is commonly used for chemical characterization of materials. However, STEM-EDXS quantification becomes challenging when the phases constituting the sample under investigation share common elements and overlap spatially. In this paper, we present a methodology to identify, segment, and unmix phases with a substantial spectral and spatial overlap in a semi-automated fashion through combining non-negative matrix factorization with a priori knowledge of the sample.

When Infections Are Found: A Qualitative Study Characterizing Best Management Practices for Central Line-Associated Bloodstream Infection and Catheter-Associated Urinary Tract Infection Performance Monitoring and Feedback.

Healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) remain a significant patient safety problem that can lead to illness and death, despite the implementation of clinical bundles to prevent HAIs. Management practices can support HAI prevention, but their role in HAI performance monitoring and feedback is not well understood. To address this knowledge gap, we previously conducted semi-structured interviews with staff at 18 hospitals to examine the role of management practices around the prevention of central line-associated bloodstream infections (CLABSIs) and catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTIs).

Vertebral anomalies and VACTERL association in pontine tegmental cap dysplasia: a paediatric case report.

This case report highlights vertebral segmental anomalies and the fact that the child presented has a rare neurologic condition called pontine tegmental cap dysplasia. Additionally, this case aims to educate learners in developing a differential diagnosis for vertebral and cardiac anomalies such as VACTERL syndromes and common syndromes associated with butterfly vertebrae in children and adolescents.

Changes in prospectively collected patient-reported outcomes among women with incident endometrial cancer.

Purpose: We examined associations between patient and treatment characteristics with longitudinally collected patient-reported outcome (PRO) measures to provide a data-informed description of the experiences of women undergoing treatment for endometrial cancer.

Methods: We administered National Institutes of Health Patient Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) questionnaires at the preoperative visit and at 6 and 12 months after surgery. Anxiety, depression, fatigue, sleep disturbance, pain, physical function, and ability to participate in social roles were assessed.

Nanoporous graphene-based thin-film microelectrodes for in vivo high-resolution neural recording and stimulation.

One of the critical factors determining the performance of neural interfaces is the electrode material used to establish electrical communication with the neural tissue, which needs to meet strict electrical, electrochemical, mechanical, biological and microfabrication compatibility requirements. This work presents a nanoporous graphene-based thin-film technology and its engineering to form flexible neural interfaces. The developed technology allows the fabrication of small microelectrodes (25 µm diameter) while achieving low impedance (∼25 kΩ) and high charge injection (3-5 mC cm).

A Method for Quantifying Back Flexion/Extension from Three Inertial Measurement Units Mounted on a Horse's Withers, Thoracolumbar Region, and Pelvis.

Back mobility is a criterion of well-being in a horse. Veterinarians visually assess the mobility of a horse's back during a locomotor examination. Quantifying it with on-board technology could be a major breakthrough to help them.

Morally Problematic Situations Encountered by Adults Living With Rare Diseases.

Background: Rare diseases are generally poorly understood from scientific and medical standpoints due, to their complexity and low prevalence. As a result, individuals living with rare diseases struggle to obtain timely diagnoses and suitable care. These clinical difficulties add to the physical and psychological impacts of living with chronic and often severe medical conditions.

Exploring the Incorporation of a Novel Cardiotoxicity Mobile Health App Into Care of Patients With Cancer: Qualitative Study of Patient and Provider Perspectives.

Background: Cardiotoxicity is a limitation of several cancer therapies and early recognition improves outcomes. Symptom-tracking mobile health (mHealth) apps are feasible and beneficial, but key elements for mHealth symptom-tracking to indicate early signs of cardiotoxicity are unknown.

Objective: We explored considerations for the design of, and implementation into a large academic medical center, an mHealth symptom-tracking tool for early recognition of cardiotoxicity in patients with cancer after cancer therapy initiation.

An Ethics Action Plan for Rare Disease Care: Participatory Action Research Approach.

Background: Owing to their low prevalence, rare diseases are poorly addressed in the scientific literature and clinical practice guidelines. Thus, health care workers are inadequately equipped to provide timely diagnoses, appropriate treatment, and support for these poorly understood conditions. These clinical tribulations are experienced as moral challenges by patients, jeopardizing their life trajectories, dreams, and aspirations.

Does a Place of Last Drink (POLD) Initiative Affect Alcohol Serving Staff Attitudes and Perceptions Related to Overservice of Alcohol?

: One enforcement strategy used to address illegal sales of alcohol to intoxicated patrons (i.e., overservice) is Place of Last Drink (POLD).

Asymmetry Thresholds Reflecting the Visual Assessment of Forelimb Lameness on Circles on a Hard Surface.

The assessment of lameness in horses can be aided by objective gait analysis tools. Despite their key role of evaluating a horse at trot on a circle, asymmetry thresholds have not been determined for differentiating between sound and lame gait during this exercise. These thresholds are essential to distinguish physiological asymmetry linked to the circle from pathological asymmetry linked to lameness.

The umbrella value of caribou management strategies for biodiversity conservation in boreal forests under global change.

Single-species conservation management is often proposed to preserve biodiversity in human-disturbed landscapes. How global change will impact the umbrella value of single-species management strategies remains an open question of critical conservation importance. We assessed the effectiveness of threatened boreal caribou as an umbrella for bird and beetle conservation under global change.

Optimal interlesion distance for 90 and 50 watt radiofrequency applications with low ablation index values: experimental findings in a chronic ovine model.

Aims: The optimal interlesion distance (ILD) for 90 and 50 W radiofrequency applications with low ablation index (AI) values in the atria has not been established. Excessive ILDs can predispose to interlesion gaps, whereas restrictive ILDs can predispose to procedural complications. The present study sought, therefore, to experimentally determine the optimal ILD for 90 W-4 s and 50 W applications with low AI values to optimize catheter ablation outcomes in humans.

Describing the monthly variability of hospital-onset during early coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) using electronic health record data.

Objective: To assess the relative risk of hospital-onset (HO-CDI) during each month of the early coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and to compare it with historical expectation based on patient characteristics.

Design: This study used a retrospective cohort design. We collected secondary data from the institution's electronic health record (EHR).

Emergency department patient and physician survey accuracy compared to chart abstraction in patients with acute respiratory illness.

Background: High-quality research studies in older adults are needed. Unfortunately, the accuracy of chart review data in older adult patients has been called into question by previous studies. Little is known on this topic in patients with suspected pneumonia, a disease with 500,000 annual older adult U.

Quantitative Analysis of Sexuality and Relationship Education in Inclusive Higher Education: Brief Report.

Inclusive postsecondary education (IPSE) programs support adults with intellectual disabilities' participation in higher education. Students in IPSE programs may have limited knowledge of sexuality, relationships, and social skills, which can be addressed through sexuality and relationship education (SRE). This project evaluated the effect of the Positive Choices© curriculum on the SRE knowledge of 7 students attending an IPSE program in the southeastern United States.

Understanding Rare Disease Experiences Through the Concept of Morally Problematic Situations.

Rare diseases, defined as having a prevalence inferior to 1/2000, are poorly understood scientifically and medically. Appropriate diagnoses and treatments are scarce, adding to the burden of living with chronic medical conditions. The moral significance of rare disease experiences is often overlooked in qualitative studies conducted with adults living with rare diseases.