Giant gallbladder case report with vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) serum level and mRNA expression evaluation.

Giant gallbladder (GGB) is a rare condition and its pathogenesis could not be explained clearly. It can result from cholelithiasis, chronic cholecystitis or neoplasm, but more rarely if created congenitally. Adequate vasculatization should support the development of this entity.

Interleukin-6 and interleukin-10 plasma levels and mRNA expression in polytrauma patients.

Purpose: Host response to polytrauma occasionally has unpredictable outcomes. Immune response is a major factor influencing patient's outcome. This study evaluated the interaction of two main cytokines in immune response after major trauma, specifically interleukin-6 (IL-6) and interleukin-10 (IL-10).

Pattern of cytokine (IL-6 and IL-10) level as inflammation and anti-inflammation mediator of multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) in polytrauma.

Massive injury remains the most common cause of death for productive age group globally. The current immune, inflammatory paradigm, based on an incomplete understanding of the functional integration of the complex host response, remains a major impediment to the development of effective innovative diagnostic and therapeutic effort. This study attempt to investigate the pattern of inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin-6 and 10 (IL-6 and IL-10) and their interaction in severe injury condition with its major complication as multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) and failure (MOF) after polytrauma.