Non-coding RNA genes modulate PI3K/AKT signaling pathway in polycystic ovary syndrome.

Background: The PI3K protein kinase B (PI3K/AKT) signaling pathway has crucial roles in insulin signaling and other endocrine disorders. The purpose of this study is to validate the association of PCOS with PI3K/AKT pathway target genes, miRNA486-5p, and miRNA483-5p as well as to evaluate the outcome of metformin on the pathogenesis of PCOS.  METHODS: This case-controlled study included 3 subject groups: twenty healthy females (control group), twenty PCOS females before treatment, and twenty PCOS females treated with metformin at a dose (500 mg 3 times per day for 3 months).

The association between vitamin D levels and oxidative stress markers in Egyptian Behcet's disease patients.

Background: Oxidative stress is postulated to have a major role in the pathophysiology of Bechet's Disease (BD). Growing evidence suggests that vitamin D has important roles in enhancing the expression of anti-inflammatory cytokines as well as certain antioxidants. However, there is little evidence currently about the antioxidant properties of vitamin D in BD.

Hydrogen sulfide modulates SIRT1 and suppresses oxidative stress in diabetic nephropathy.

DN is recognized as not only a leading cause of end stage renal disease (ESRD) but also an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD). Novel therapeutic approaches to diabetic nephropathy (DN) are needed, or else, healthcare resources will be overwhelmed by the expected worldwide increase in associated cases of ESRD and CVD. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and advanced glycation end product (AGE) are implicated in the development of DN.

The association between RANKL and Osteoprotegerin gene polymorphisms with breast cancer.

Breast cancer is the most common cause of cancer death among women (522,000 deaths in 2012). Imbalance between RANKL and OPG is observed in many cancers, including breast cancer. Consequently, SNPs in the genes of RANKL and OPG may be involved in breast cancer development.