Metronomic cyclophosphamide and metformin inhibited tumor growth and repopulated tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes in an experimental carcinoma model.

Metformin is a widely used antidiabetic biguanide. Retrospective data demonstrated the association of metformin use with survival benefit in multiple tumor types. Interest in repurposing metformin to treat cancer has not been translated into encouraging clinical benefit.

Relative CTLA-4, PTPN-22, and interleukin 37 mRNA expressions in patients with lupus nephritis.

Objectives: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease characterized by T-cell immune-dysregulation and loss of tolerance to self-antigens. CTLA-4 and PTPN-22 are involved in the inhibition of T-lymphocytes activation. IL-37 is an anti-inflammatory cytokine that suppresses innate immunity.

Adherence to hemodialysis and medical regimens among patients with end-stage renal disease during COVID-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Adherence of patients with End-Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) to Hemodialysis (HD), prescribed medications, diet and fluid restrictions is essential to get the desirable outcome and prevent complications. During COVID-19 pandemic, ESRD patients became more concerned with attending the HD sessions and following the protective measures because of the potential for increased susceptibility to COVID-19. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of the pandemic on patients' adherence to HD and medical regimens.

Neurological Soft Signs in Non-diabetic End Stage Renal Disease Patients: Evaluation and Prediction.

Patients on hemodialysis suffer from several serious complex neurological complications resulting in significant disability. Early detection of these complications during the asymptomatic phase may consent to early intervention to prevent or minimize the disability. To assess and predict neurological soft signs (NSS) in non-diabetic end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients on hemodialysis (HD) who do not suffer any apparent neurological symptoms.

Association of interleukin-36α gene expression in Egyptian patients with systemic lupus erythematosus with organ involvement and disease activity.

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a complex systemic autoimmune disease characterized by a wide spectrum of clinical manifestations with varying severity. The dysregulation of cytokines contributes strongly to disease pathogenesis. Recently, it has been shown that the imbalanced antagonist/agonist profile of interleukin (IL)-36 cytokines, might play a role in autoimmune disorders.

Silent neurological lesions detected by magnetic resonance imaging: Relationship to hyperparathyroidism among end-stage renal disease young patients on haemodialysis.

Background: End-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients on haemodialysis (HD) suffer from several peripheral and central neurological complications. They are at high risk for developing silent neurological lesions (SNL) that may be detected accidentally by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Many factors are implicated in the development of neurological deficits in ESRD patients on HD.