Improvement of hybrid polyvinyl chloride/dapsone membrane using synthesized silver nanoparticles for the efficient removal of heavy metals, microorganisms, and phosphate and nitrate compounds from polluted water.

Heavy metals exist in different water resources and can threaten human health, inducing several chronic illnesses such as cancer and renal diseases. Therefore, this work dealt with the fabrication of highly efficient nanomembranes based on silver nanoparticle (Ag NP)-doped hybrid polyvinyl chloride (PVC) by dapsone (DAP) using an method. Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis were used to confirm the hybridization of PVC as well as the crystalline structure of hybrid PVC nanocomposites.

Preparation and characterization of rare earth element nanoparticles for enhanced photocatalytic degradation.

The present work focuses on the photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue (MB) on erbium ion (Er) doped TiO under visible light. Pure TiO nanoparticles and erbium (Er) doped TiO nanocomposite (Er/TiO) NCs were synthesized using the sol-gel method. The synthesized (Er/TiO) NCs were characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), high resolution scanning electron microscopy (HR-SEM), elementary dispersive X-ray (EDX), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and X-ray photoelectron spectra (XPS), specific surface area (BET), zeta potential, and particle size.

Surface modification of thin film composite forward osmosis membrane using graphene nanosheets for water desalination.

In this study, the main motivation of this work is desalination of water for irrigation arid area such as Sidri- Baba basins- south Sinai, Egypt. Also, the novelty of this work is modification of TFC surface membrane by mix of HA, DA and GO to get high performance of FO technique. Interfacial polymerization was employed to modify a thin-film composite (TFC) membrane for forward osmosis (FO) applications; moreover, graphene oxide (GO) nanosheets (GONs), a dopamine solution (DA), and naturally accessible humic acid (HA) were modified on a polyethersulfone (PES) substrate.

Groundwater quality assessment using water quality index and multivariate statistical analysis case study: East Matrouh, Northwestern coast, Egypt.

Rapid urbanisation has had a significant negative influence on the water bodies that flow through and around urban areas. This study aims to evaluate the water quality and analyse the suitability for drinking and irrigation uses. This study envisaged assessing the water quality status of the groundwater using the pollution index of groundwater (PIG), ecological risk index (ERI) and multivariate statistical techniques, namely cluster analysis (CA) and principal component analysis (PCA), that were applied to differentiate the sources of water quality variation and determine the cause of pollution in the study area.

Advances in elemental sulfur-driven bioprocesses for wastewater treatment: From metabolic study to application.

Elemental sulfur (S) is known to be an abundant, non-toxic material with a wide range of redox states (-2 to +6) and may serve as an excellent electron carrier in wastewater treatment. In turn, S-driven bioprocesses, which employ S as electron donor or acceptor, have recently established themselves as cost-effective therefore attractive solutions for wastewater treatment. Numerous related processes have, to date, been developed from laboratory experiments into full-scale applications, including S-driven autotrophic denitrification for nitrate removal and S-reducing organic removal.