NLRP3 inflammasome pathway involved in the pathogenesis of metabolic associated fatty liver disease.

The prevalence of Metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) has been steadily increasing worldwide, paralleling the global epidemic of obesity and diabetes. It is estimated that approximately one-quarter of the global population is affected by MAFLD. Despite its high prevalence, MAFLD often goes undiagnosed due to the lack of specific symptoms in its early stages.

Prognostic role of immunohistochemical PTEN (phosphatase and tensin homolog) expression and PTEN (rs701848) genotypes among Egyptian patients with different stages of colorectal cancer.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most frequent cancer worldwide and the second major cause of cancer-related death. Thus, we attempted to ascertain the relationship between the genotype and allele frequencies of phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) and immunohistochemical PTEN expression with clinicopathological characteristics in patients with CRC. 150 individuals were allocated into two groups for this cross-sectional randomized case-control study: Group I consisted of 100 patients with histopathologically proven CRC of various stages.

P4HA2 involved in SLUG-associated EMT predicts poor prognosis of patients with KRAS-positive colorectal cancer.

This study aimed to examine the immunohistochemical expression of epithelial-mesenchymal transition biomarkers: P4HA2 and SLUG in colorectal carcinoma (CRC) specimens, then to assess their relation to clinicopathological features including KRAS mutations and patients' survival, and finally to study the correlation between them in CRC. The result of this study showed that SLUG and P4HA2 were significantly higher in association with adverse prognostic factors: presence of lympho-vascular invasion, perineural invasion, higher tumor budding, tumor stage, presence of lymph node metastasis, and presence of distant metastasis. CRC specimens with KRAS mutation were associated with significant higher SLUG and P4HA2 expression.

Peripheral Mononuclear Cells Surface Markers Evaluation in Different Stages of Hepatocellular Carcinoma; in a Trial for Early and Accurate Diagnosis in Patients with Post-Hepatitis Liver Cirrhosis and Unremarkable Raised AFP.

Introduction: HCC is frequently diagnosed late, when only palliative treatment is available. So, we try to use different immunological markers to identify early HCC in patients with unremarkable raised AFP.

Methods: This study was conducted on 112 participants divided into two equal groups: Group I, 56 patients with liver cirrhosis and different stages of HCC; Group II, 56 patients with liver cirrhosis.

Multiplex PCR: Aid to more-timely and directed therapeutic intervention for patients with infectious gastroenteritis.

Background: Multiplex PCR is a sensitive and rapid method compared with conventional methods. Therefore, we use multiplex PCR for the rapid detection of the four major intestinal pathogens causing gastroenteritis (Shigella spp., Campylobacter spp.

Increased percentage of apoptotic and CTLA-4 (CD152) expressing cells in CD4+/CD8+ cells in COVID-19 patients.

Coronavirus infectious disease 2019 (COVID-19) confirmed cases are characterized by T lymphopenia. Total apoptotic and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen-4 (CTLA-4) expressing cells among CD4+/CD8+ cells were analyzed in 24 COVID-19 patients (16 out-patients and 8 in-patients) and 18 healthy volunteers using flow cytometry to detect their possible role in T lymphopenia. Hospitalized patients did not show significant difference compared to non-hospitalized patients.

Lymphocyte Phenotyping and HLA-DR Expression over the Course of COVID-19 Infection in Patients with Different Disease Severity.

Background: The role of lymphocyte subsets in the diagnosis and follow up of COVID-19 is still unclear. So, we aim to study the changes in lymphocyte subsets and HLA-DR expression in the peripheral blood of hospitalized COVID-19 patients.

Methods: Lymphocyte subsets and HLA-DR expression were detected in the peripheral blood of 36 hospitalized patients of COVID-19; their data were compared to that of 36 healthy controls of comparable age and gender.

Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography: a single center experience.

Background: the COVID-19 pandemic has impacted on several aspects of health care services worldwide. The aim of the study was to determine its influence on the case volume, success rate and complication rate of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP).

Method: all patients who underwent ERCP one-year before and after applying COVID-19 safety measures at the Qena University Hospital were included.

Characteristics, Outcomes and Indicators of Severity for COVID-19 Among Sample of ESNA Quarantine Hospital's Patients, Egypt: A Retrospective Study.

Background: The risk factors, disease characteristics, severity, and mortality of COVID-19 are unclear, particularly in Egypt.

Objective: The objective was to analyze the patients' characteristics, hematological, biochemical, and chest imaging findings among the cohort of patients with COVID-19 in Egypt and also to shed light on the predictors of COVID-19 severity.

Patients And Methods: A retrospective study was conducted on 66 patients with COVID-19 in Egypt.

Management Of Patients With Hepatitis B Virus Reactivation Post-DAA Treatment Of Chronic Hepatitis C Virus Infection In HCV-HBV Coinfected Patients With Pretreatment HBeAg Seroconversion And Early Degree Of Hepatic Fibrosis.

Background And Aim: Hepatitis C virus (HCV)-HBV coinfection is a significant health problem with rapid progression of liver disease without precise diagnosis and treatment. We aimed in this study to identify if there were any role of HBV antiviral therapy in patients with HBV reactivation after direct-acting antiviral therapy in HCV-HBV coinfected patients.

Methods: A prospective random study was carried out on 140 patients presenting with chronic HCV and chronic HBV coinfection.

Effect of Acid Suppression on Peripheral T-Lymphocyte Subsets and Immunohistochemical Esophageal Mucosal Changes in Patients With Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease.

Background And Aims: Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a common prevalent disease. We aimed to assess the dynamic changes in the peripheral T lymphocytes and lymphocytes infiltrating the esophageal mucosa after treatment with proton-pump inhibitor (PPI) in patients with GERD.

Patients And Methods: A total of 200 patients who presented with upper GIT symptoms were included in this prospective study.

Diagnostic validity of flow cytometry vs manual counting of polymorphonuclear leukocytes in spontaneous bacterial peritonitis.

Background: Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) is frequently occurring infection among patients with liver cirrhosis, defined by polymorphonuclear (PMN) leukocytic count ≥250 cell/mm with or without a positive ascitic fluid (AF) bacterial culture. So, this study aimed to investigate the diagnostic value of flow cytometry versus manual counting of ascitic fluid PMNL in cirrhotic patients, with clinical suspicion of SBP.

Methods: A hospital-based cross-sectional study was carried out on 320 cirrhotic patients with clinical suspicion of SBP.