DNA mismatch repair (MMR) genes expression in lung cancer and its correlation with different clinicopathologic parameters.

Lung cancer (LC) is a crucial rapidly developing disease. In Egypt, it is one of the five most frequent cancers. Little is known about the impact of deleted mismatch repair genes and its correlation to clinicopathological characteristics.

The accuracy and adequacy of rapid on-site evaluation conducted by trained pulmonologist on transbronchial needle aspiration samples: A systemic review and meta-analysis.

Introduction: The effective deployment of rapid on-site cytologic evaluation (ROSE) requires the availability of a cytologist/pathologist. Several studies investigated the capability of trained pulmonologists to assess the adequacy and validity of transbronchial needle aspiration (TBNA) samples. This study aimed to determine the validity and adequacy of ROSE by pulmonologists (P-ROSE).

The Baveno Classification as a Predictor of CPAP Titration Pressure in Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome.

Introduction: Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) is a clinical condition characterised by repeated periods of partial or full obstruction of airflow throughout sleep, with impairment of the quality of life and increased mortality with socioeconomic impacts. CPAP therapy is a simple and effective treatment option for OSAS patients. To overcome the clinical and prognostic limitations of AHI-as a sole index of OSAS-the Baveno classification was recently set out and introduced into clinical practice.

Immunological changes in a cohort of COVID-19 survivors: Mansoura University experience.

COVID-19 is a global pandemic that has affected millions of people all over the world since 2019. Infection with COVID-19 initiates a humoral immune response that produces antibodies against specific viral antigens, which in turn is supposed to provide immunity against reinfection for a period of time. The aim of this research was to study the kinetics of IgM and IgG antibodies against SARS-CoV-2.

Association of IL-17F Gene Polymorphism and Its Serum Level with SARS-CoV-2 Infection.

Objective: Although multiple studies have addressed the clinical outcomes of coronavirus disease, little data exist regarding the defi- nition of immune and inflammatory profiles associated with this infection. Its clinical manifestations often worsen in association with hypercytokinemia (elevated interleukin 8 and interleukin 17). We conducted this research to elucidate the effect of interleukin 17 levels and interleukin 17F gene polymorphism on the severity and outcomes of coronavirus disease.

Effect of the Fraction of Inspired Oxygen on Intermittent Central Venous Oxygen Saturation Measurements.

Background: Central venous oxygen saturation (ScvO) is an essential test readily performed both by medical and nursing personnel in a critical care setting. It gives information on the patient's oxygen supply, oxygen consumption, and cardiac output. It plays an important role in early goal-directed treatment.

Nondaily dosing schedule of allergen-specific sublingual immunotherapy: efficacy and safety.

Purpose: Sublingual immunotherapy is currently promoted by various companies, with administration schedules variable in the different products even though almost all are standardized immunologically. So, this study was planned to examine the efficacy of simple nondaily dosing of sublingual immunotherapy instead of the widely used daily schedule.

Materials And Methods: Fifty-two patients with allergic rhinitis and bronchial asthma were enrolled.

Factors affecting work productivity and activity impairment among chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients.

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) can negatively affect patients' employment and work-life activities with a significant indirect economic impact. The current study aimed to measure unemployment, work productivity, activity impairment, and their associated factors among COPD patients. A cross-sectional study was conducted in the Chest outpatient clinic, Mansoura University Hospital, Egypt.

Screening for Subclinical Interstitial Lung Disease in Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients: Functional and Radiological Methods.

Objective: Interstitial lung disease is the most frequent lung symptom of rheumatoid arthritis and is a significant contributor to morbid- ity. As a result, the target of this research was to measure the frequency of radiological and functional abnormalities in rheumatoid arthritis patients who did not have any respiratory symptoms.

Material And Methods: This study consists of 30 patients diagnosed with rheumatoid arthritis.

ΔSpO2/distance ratio from the six-minute walk test in evaluation of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Introduction: The six-minute walk test (6MWT) contains two independent components: walk distance (6MWD) and oxygen saturation (SpO₂). 6MWD does not give detailed data on numerous COPD associated disorders. As oxygen desaturation plays a key role in exercise limita-tions, a few new parameters integrating oxygen desaturation during exercise along with walk distance are necessary.

Preparation of chemically stable allergen-specific sublingual immunotherapy from Egyptian allergens.

Background: The term "allergen extracts" refers to solutions of proteins or glycoproteins extracted from source raw materials.

Objectives: This study was planned to prepare chemically stable sublingual immunotherapy from different allergens in Egypt.

Methods: Allergen extraction from raw materials.

Objective Thoracoscopic Criteria in Differentiation between Benign and Malignant Pleural Effusions.

Background: Thoracoscopy is the "gold standard" diagnostic modality for investigation of suspected pleural malignancy. It is postulated that meticulous assessment of the pleural cavity may be adequate to indicate malignancy through the macroscopic findings of nodules, pleural thickening, and lymphangitis. We attempted to critically assess this practice, by precisely defining objective macroscopic criteria which might differentiate benign from malignant pleural diseases according to intrapleural pattern and anatomical location, and thereby to explore the predilection of abnormalities to specific sites on pleural surfaces.

Acetylsalicylic Acid Compared with Enoxaparin for the Prevention of Thrombosis and Mechanical Ventilation in COVID-19 Patients: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Background And Objective: Low-dose acetylsalicylic acid (ASA, aspirin) is a well-known and frequently studied drug for primary and secondary prevention of disease due to its anti-inflammatory and coagulopathic effects. COVID-19 complications are attributed to the role of thrombo-inflammation. Studies regarding the use of low-dose ASA in COVID-19 are limited.

Human Endogenous Retrovirus-H Long Terminal Repeat- Associating Protein 2 (HHLA2) is a Novel Immune Checkpoint Protein in Lung Cancer which Predicts Survival.

Unlabelled: ackground: Lung cancer is one of the most frequently diagnosed malignancies. Human endogenous retrovirus-H long terminal repeat-associating protein 2 (HHLA2) is a recently discovered ligand of the B7 family. Blocking this immune checkpoint has become an important treatment option for lung cancer.

PDL-1 expression in lung carcinoma and its correlation with clinicopathological and prognostic characteristics.

Lung cancers have high incidence and high mortality rates. The immune checkpoints as programmed death ligand 1 (PDL-1) can suppress the tumor immune reaction. So, their blocking seems to be a way to treat tumors.

Validity of ROX index in prediction of risk of intubation in patients with COVID-19 pneumonia.

Introduction: One important concern during the management of COVID-19 pneumonia patients with acute hypoxemic respiratory failure is early anticipation of the need for intubation. ROX is an index that can help in identification of patients with low and those with high risk of intubation. So, this study was planned to validate the diagnostic accuracy of the ROX index for prediction of COVID-19 pneumonia outcome (the need for intubation) and, in addition, to underline the significant association of the ROX index with clinical, radiological, demographic data.

Screening of latent TB infection in patients with recently diagnosed bronchogenic carcinoma.

Background: Cancer and pulmonary tuberculosis are major global health concerns and are associated with substantial morbidity and mortality. The association between active tuberculosis and subsequent cancer development has been investigated for many years. This study was planned to determine the prevalence of latent tuberculosis infection in patients with recently diagnosed bronchogenic carcinoma.

Prevalence of inducible laryngeal obstruction among patients diagnosed as bronchial asthma.

Introduction: Inducible laryngeal obstruction (ILO) is an important cause of a variety of respiratory symptoms and can mimic bronchial asthma (BA). This study was planned to measure the prevalence of ILO among patients diagnosed with BA and to detect its effect on BA control and severity.

Material And Methods: Patients aged 18 years or older who were previously diagnosed with BA were enrolled.

Relationship between clot burden in pulmonary computed tomography angiography and different parameters of right cardiac dysfunction in acute pulmonary embolism.

Background: Pulmonary computed tomography angiography (CTA) contains a wealth of information regarding the diagnosis and impact of acute pulmonary embolism (PE). Echocardiography remains the recommended examination to detect signs of right ventricular (RV) dysfunction in patients with shock or hypotension following PE.

Objectives: To detect the relationship between clot volume in pulmonary CTA and different parameters of RV dysfunction assessed by echocardiography and pulmonary CTA in patients with acute PE.

Structural Evidence for Rifampicin Monooxygenase Inactivating Rifampicin by Cleaving Its Ansa-Bridge.

Rifampicin monooxygenase (RIFMO) decreases the potency of rifampicin (RIF) by converting it to oxidative products. Further decomposition of RIF has been observed in bacteria producing RIFMO and contributes to RIFMO-mediated drug resistance. Here we report the first crystal structure of RIFMO in complex with the hydroxylated RIF product.

Mechanism of Rifampicin Inactivation in Nocardia farcinica.

A novel mechanism of rifampicin (Rif) resistance has recently been reported in Nocardia farcinica. This new mechanism involves the activity of rifampicin monooxygenase (RifMO), a flavin-dependent monooxygenase that catalyzes the hydroxylation of Rif, which is the first step in the degradation pathway. Recombinant RifMO was overexpressed and purified for biochemical analysis.

The Structure of the Antibiotic Deactivating, N-hydroxylating Rifampicin Monooxygenase.

Rifampicin monooxygenase (RIFMO) catalyzes the N-hydroxylation of the natural product antibiotic rifampicin (RIF) to 2'-N-hydroxy-4-oxo-rifampicin, a metabolite with much lower antimicrobial activity. RIFMO shares moderate sequence similarity with well characterized flavoprotein monooxygenases, but the protein has not been isolated and characterized at the molecular level. Herein, we report crystal structures of RIFMO from Nocardia farcinica, the determination of the oligomeric state in solution with small angle x-ray scattering, and the spectrophotometric characterization of substrate binding.

Identification of structural determinants of NAD(P)H selectivity and lysine binding in lysine N(6)-monooxygenase.

l-lysine (l-Lys) N(6)-monooxygenase (NbtG), from Nocardia farcinica, is a flavin-dependent enzyme that catalyzes the hydroxylation of l-Lys in the presence of oxygen and NAD(P)H in the biosynthetic pathway of the siderophore nocobactin. NbtG displays only a 3-fold preference for NADPH over NADH, different from well-characterized related enzymes, which are highly selective for NADPH. The structure of NbtG with bound NAD(P)(+) or l-Lys is currently not available.

The Effect of Bone Marrow Mononuclear Cells on Lung Regeneration and Apoptosis in a Simple Model of Pulmonary Emphysema.

Background: In severe chronic stages of emphysema the only treatment is lung transplantation. SO, an urgent need exists for the development of effective treatments. Stem cells therapy arises as a new therapeutic approach.