An incomplete picture: A scoping review of how scholars account for race and ethnicity in family homelessness research.

Families of color in the United States experience homelessness at a disproportionately higher rate than White families; however, little is known about how scholars account for race and ethnicity in family homelessness research. This scoping review analyzes how researchers examine race and ethnicity in conceptual frameworks, methods, and analysis. Following PRISMA-ScR reporting standards, I searched PubMed, PsycINFO, Scopus, and ERIC for quantitative studies including a housing outcome for homeless service-involved families.

Quantifying collagen reorganization during immunotherapy in murine melanoma with second harmonic generation imaging.

Significance: Increased collagen linearization and deposition during tumorigenesis can impede immune cell infiltration and lead to tumor metastasis. Although melanoma is well studied in immunotherapy research, studies that quantify collagen changes during melanoma progression and treatment are lacking.

Aim: We aim to image collagen in preclinical melanoma models during immunotherapy and quantify the collagen phenotype in treated and control mice.

Postural Stability as a Measure of Fall Risk in Older People with and without HIV.

As the number of older people with HIV (PWH) grows, accidental falls and their associated negative health outcomes are of increasing concern. Fall risk can be measured using novel screening tools such as evaluating postural stability using force plate technology. The aims of this study were to test this technology to assess fall risk among older PWH.

Targeting DNMT3A-mediated oxidative phosphorylation to overcome ibrutinib resistance in mantle cell lymphoma.

The use of Bruton tyrosine kinase (BTK) inhibitors such as ibrutinib achieves a remarkable clinical response in mantle cell lymphoma (MCL). Acquired drug resistance, however, is significant and affects long-term survival of MCL patients. Here, we demonstrate that DNA methyltransferase 3A (DNMT3A) is involved in ibrutinib resistance.

A stable, highly concentrated fluorous nanoemulsion formulation for in vivo cancer imaging via F-MRI.

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a routine diagnostic modality in oncology that produces excellent imaging resolution and tumor contrast without the use of ionizing radiation. However, improved contrast agents are still needed to further increase detection sensitivity and avoid toxicity/allergic reactions associated with paramagnetic metal contrast agents, which may be seen in a small percentage of the human population. Fluorine-19 (F)-MRI is at the forefront of the developing MRI methodologies due to near-zero background signal, high natural abundance of 100%, and unambiguous signal specificity.

An Automated Virtual Reality Program Accurately Diagnoses HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorders in Older People With HIV.

Background: HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HANDs) remain prevalent despite antiretroviral therapy, particularly among older people with HIV (PWH). However, the diagnosis of HAND is labor intensive and requires expertise to administer neuropsychological tests. Our prior pilot work established the feasibility and accuracy of a computerized self-administered virtual reality program (DETECT; Display Enhanced Testing for Cognitive Impairment and Traumatic Brain Injury) to measure cognition in younger PWH.

Quantifying collagen reorganization during immunotherapy in murine melanoma with second harmonic generation imaging.

Significance: Increased collagen linearization and deposition during tumorigenesis can impede immune cell infiltration and lead to tumor metastasis. Although melanoma is well studied in immunotherapy research, studies that quantify collagen changes during melanoma progression and treatment are lacking.

Aim: Image collagen in preclinical melanoma models during immunotherapy and quantify the collagen phenotype in treated and control mice.

In-person and virtual adaptation of an interprofessional palliative care communications skills training course for pediatric oncology clinicians.

Purpose: Effective, empathic communication is crucial for pediatric oncology clinicians when discussing palliative and end-of-life (PC/EOL) care with parents of children with cancer. Unfortunately, many parents report inadequate communication at these distressing times. This study evaluates the communication skills training (CST) clinicians received to deliver a PC/EOL communication intervention as part of a multi-site randomized-controlled trial (RCT).

Mild Cognitive Impairment, But Not HIV Status, is Related to Reduced Awareness of Level of Cognitive Performance Among Older Adults.

Objective: Self-assessment of cognitive abilities can be an important predictor of clinical outcomes. This study examined impairments in self-assessments of cognitive performance, assessed with traditional neuropsychological assessments and novel virtual reality tests among older persons with and without human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI).

Methods: One hundred twenty-two participants (82 persons with HIV; 79 MCI+) completed a traditional neuropsychological battery, DETECT virtual reality cognitive battery, and self-reported their general cognitive complaints, depressive symptoms, and perceptions of DETECT performance.

Auditory and cognitive function in older adults living with and without HIV.

Objectives: To evaluate the peripheral hearing sensitivity and central auditory processing in persons with HIV (PWH) and persons without HIV (PWoH); and the association between cognitive function and central auditory processing in PWH and PWoH.

Design: Cross-sectional, observational study.

Methods: Participants included 67 PWH {70.

Single cell metabolic imaging of tumor and immune cells in melanoma bearing mice.

Introduction: Metabolic reprogramming of cancer and immune cells occurs during tumorigenesis and has a significant impact on cancer progression. Unfortunately, current techniques to measure tumor and immune cell metabolism require sample destruction and/or cell isolations that remove the spatial context. Two-photon fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM) of the autofluorescent metabolic coenzymes nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (phosphate) (NAD(P)H) and flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) provides images of cell metabolism at a single cell level.

Stress-associated weight gain, fibromyalgia symptoms, cardiometabolic markers, and human growth hormone suppression respond to an amino acid supplement blend: Results of a prospective, cohort study.

Introduction: An orally administered amino acid-based test supplement was recently shown to increase human growth hormone (hGH) in healthy adults. This prospective, observational, single-center, single-arm cohort study investigated the effects of 24 weeks of daily oral administration of the test supplement in individuals with stress-related weight gain, fibromyalgia (FM) and stress-related low-normal hGH production (15-30 percentile for age-appropriate levels) on insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), an indicator of hGH levels caused by stress related stimulation of somatostatin.

Methods: Participants continued to receive standard care.

Concurrent validity and reliability of at-home teleneuropsychological evaluations among people with and without HIV.

Objective: To determine the reliability of teleneuropsychological (TNP) compared to in-person assessments (IPA) in people with HIV (PWH) and without HIV (HIV-).

Methods: Participants included 80 PWH (M = 58.7, SD = 11.

Higher religiosity and spirituality are associated with ethnic group membership among middle-aged and older adults living with HIV.

HIV is a chronic illness that impacts the lives of more than 1 million people in the United States. As persons living with HIV (PWH) are living longer, it is important to understand the influence that religiosity/spirituality has among middle-aged and older PWH. Compare the degree of religiosity/spirituality among middle-aged and older PWH and HIV-negative individuals, and to identify demographic, clinical, and psychosocial factors associated with religiosity/spirituality among PWH.

Hybridization and low genetic diversity in the endangered Alabama red-bellied turtle ().

is one of the most endangered freshwater turtle species in the United States due to its restricted geographic distribution in coastal Alabama and Mississippi. Populations of are geographically isolated from one another by land and saltwater, which could act as barriers to gene flow. It is currently unknown how differentiated these populations are from one another and whether they have experienced reductions in population size.

Daily Level Association of Physical Activity and Performance on Ecological Momentary Cognitive Tests in Free-living Environments: A Mobile Health Observational Study.

Background: Research suggests that physical activity (PA) has both acute and chronic beneficial effects on cognitive function in laboratory settings and under supervised conditions. Mobile health technologies make it possible to reliably measure PA and cognition in free-living environments, thus increasing generalizability and reach. Research is needed to determine whether the benefits of PA on cognitive function extend from the laboratory to real-world contexts.

Fatigue is associated with worse cognitive and everyday functioning in older persons with HIV.

Objective: The aim of this study was to determine whether there are relationships between fatigue, cognition, and everyday functioning in older persons with and without HIV and to examine if associations remain after accounting for depression, anxiety, and sleep quality.

Methods: Sixty-nine persons with HIV (PWH) and 36 persons without HIV, aged 50-74 years, were recruited from ongoing studies at UC San Diego's HIV Neurobehavioral Research Program and from the community. Participants completed neuropsychological testing, a performance-based measure of everyday functioning, and self-report questionnaires of fatigue, depression, anxiety, sleep quality, and everyday functioning.

Variation in copper sensitivity between laboratory and wild strains of Caenorhabditis elegans.

Ecological risk assessments of chemicals are frequently based on laboratory toxicity data from a small number of model species that may be reared in labs for years or decades. These populations can undergo many processes in the lab including artificial selection, founder effect, and genetic drift, and may not adequately represent their wild counterparts, potentially undermining the goal of protecting natural populations. Here we measure variation in lethality to copper chloride among strains of an emerging model species in toxicology, Caenorhabditis elegans.

Intra- and interspecific toxicity testing methods and data for nematodes exposed to metals.

Twenty-four hour median lethal concentration (LC50) toxicity tests were performed with five species of nematodes (, and ) in response to copper chloride and zinc chloride. In addition, lethality tests were also performed with seven strains of (N2 > 1 year in culture, N2 newly acquired, N2 ancestral, ED3053, JU258, JU1171, and MY1) exposed to copper chloride. Nominal chemical concentrations were validated and analyzed according to U.

How tufted capuchin monkeys (Sapajus spp.) and humans (Homo sapiens) handle a jointed tool.

The embodied theory of tooling predicts that when using a grasped object as a tool, individuals accommodate their actions to manage the altered degrees of freedom in the body-plus-object system. We tested predictions from this theory by studying how 3 tufted capuchin monkeys (Sapajus spp.) and 6 humans (Homo sapiens) used a hoe to retrieve a token.

A Survey of Neonatal Nurses Perspectives on Voice Use and Auditory Needs with Premature Infants in the NICU.

Background: Exposure to the voice and language during the critical period of auditory development associated with the third trimester is thought to be an essential building block for language. Differences in the auditory experience associated with early life in the NICU may increase the risk of language delays for premature infants. NICU nurses are fundamental in the care of premature infants; how they use their voices may be important in understanding auditory experiences in the NICU.

Use of digital health technologies to examine subjective and objective sleep with next-day cognition and daily indicators of health in persons with and without HIV.

Most previous studies investigating sleep's association with health outcomes have relied on averaged sleep quality and laboratory-based health measures. This study examines the dynamic within-person relationships between subjective (Ecological Momentary Assessment) and objective sleep (actigraphy) on next-day cognition (subjective and objective), mood, and engagement in daily activities using linear mixed-effects regression modeling. Participants included 94 individuals (59 people with HIV, 35 HIV-) aged 50-74, assessed daily for 14 consecutive days/nights.

A Cross-Sectional Study to Evaluate the Effects of Age and Duration of HIV Infection on Anxiety and Depression in Cisgender Men.

This observational cross-sectional study of 152 people with HIV (PWH) examined the effects of age and estimated duration of HIV infection (EDI) on depressive and anxiety symptoms. All participants were cisgender men and completed the Profile of Moods State (POMS), a self-report inventory of current (i.e.

Intravital Metabolic Autofluorescence Imaging Captures Macrophage Heterogeneity Across Normal and Cancerous Tissue.

Macrophages are dynamic immune cells that govern both normal tissue function and disease progression. However, standard methods to measure heterogeneity in macrophage function within tissues require tissue excision and fixation, which limits our understanding of diverse macrophage function . Two-photon microscopy of the endogenous metabolic co-enzymes NAD(P)H and flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) (metabolic autofluorescence imaging) enables dynamic imaging of mouse models .