Safety and Efficacy of STREAMLINE Canaloplasty with Phacoemulsification in Hispanic Adults with Open-Angle Glaucoma: 12-Month Outcomes.

Purpose: To report the 12-month clinical outcomes in eyes with mild to moderate open-angle glaucoma (OAG) in Hispanic adults undergoing STREAMLINE Surgical System (STREAMLINE) canaloplasty combined with phacoemulsification.

Patients And Methods: This was a prospective, multi-center, interventional clinical trial involving 45 eyes of 45 Hispanic adult patients receiving topical medical therapy for mild to moderate OAG and undergoing phacoemulsification surgery for visually significant cataracts at three sites. All eyes underwent a Screening visit, followed by medication washout and a subsequent Baseline visit to determine eligibility for STREAMLINE canaloplasty.

A Randomized Controlled Trial Comparing STREAMLINE Canaloplasty to Trabecular Micro-Bypass Stent Implantation in Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma.

Purpose: To report interim results of the VENICE study, a multi-center, randomized, controlled trial (RCT) comparing STREAMLINE Surgical System (STREAMLINE) canaloplasty with iStent inject W (iStent W) implantation in patients with mild-to-moderate primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) undergoing phacoemulsification.

Patients And Methods: Safety and efficacy analyses involving the first 72 randomized eyes are included in this report. Following pre- (Screening) and post-medication washout (Eligibility) visits, one eye per subject was randomized 1:1 to STREAMLINE or iStent W after undergoing uncomplicated phacoemulsification.

Arterial catheter outcomes in intensive care: An analysis of 1117 patients.

Background: Access to arterial circulation through arterial catheters (ACs) is crucial for monitoring and decision-making in intensive care units (ICU) but carries the risk of complications including bloodstream infection (BSI).

Methods: We conducted a secondary analysis of data from four randomised controlled trials in Australian ICUs, investigating the efficacy of different AC interventions. De-identified data were combined into a single dataset, and per-patient outcomes analysed.

Developing an interactive reproductive health equity session for pre-clerkship medical students.

In the United States, sexual, reproductive, and perinatal health inequities are well documented and known to be caused by a history of systemic oppression along many axes, including but not limited to race, ethnicity, gender, socioeconomic position, sexual orientation, and disability. Medical schools are responsible for educating students on systems of oppression and their impact on health. Reproductive justice advocates, including lay persons, medical students, and teaching faculty, have urged for integrating the reproductive justice framework into medical education and clinical practice.

Dressings and securement devices to prevent complications for peripheral arterial catheters.

Background: Peripheral arterial catheters (ACs) are used in anaesthesia and intensive care settings for blood sampling and monitoring. Despite their importance, ACs often fail, requiring reinsertion. Dressings and securement devices maintain AC function and prevent complications such as infection.

Care bundles and peripheral arterial catheters.

Highlights: What we know about the topic: Recommendations for the use of vascular access care bundles to reduce infection are followed for different devices. The risk of arterial catheter-related infection is comparable with short-term, non-cuffed central venous catheters. There are practice concerns for clinicians inserting and caring for peripheral arterial catheters.

Pharyngeal haematoma and partial airway obstruction caused by interaction between warfarin and topical miconazole gel.

A man in his 70s on warfarin attended the emergency department three times over a 24-hour period, complaining of a sore throat, neck swelling and difficulty swallowing. He was initially diagnosed with pharyngitis, given antibiotics and discharged home, which was reconfirmed on the second attendance after an episode of haemoptysis. On the third, he was diagnosed with a pharyngeal haematoma causing partial airway obstruction and admitted to critical care.

Foliar fungal endophyte communities are structured by environment but not host ecotype in Panicum virgatum (switchgrass).

Experimental tests of community assembly mechanisms for host-associated microbiomes in nature are lacking. Asymptomatic foliar fungal endophytes are a major component of the plant microbiome and are increasingly recognized for their impacts on plant performance, including pathogen defense, hormonal manipulation, and drought tolerance. However, it remains unclear whether fungal endophytes preferentially colonize certain host ecotypes or genotypes, reflecting some degree of biotic adaptation in the symbioses, or whether colonization is simply a function of spore type and abundance within the local environment.

Accumulation and potential health risks of cadmium, lead and arsenic in vegetables grown near mining sites in Northern Vietnam.

The effect of environmental pollution on the safety of vegetable crops is a serious global public health issue. This study was conducted to assess heavy metal concentrations in soil, irrigation water, and 21 local vegetable species collected from four sites near mining activities and one control site in Northern Vietnam. Soils from vegetable fields in the mining areas were contaminated with cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), and arsenic (As), while irrigation water was contaminated with Pb.

Plant-soil feedbacks shift from negative to positive with decreasing light in forest understory species.

Net pairwise plant-soil feedbacks (PSF) may be an important factor structuring plant communities, yet the influence of abiotic context on PSF is not yet understood. Abiotic factors such as light availability can alter plant-soil interactions, potentially resulting in strong context dependence of PSF. Here, we present an experiment in which we measured whole-soil net pairwise feedbacks amongst six common forest understory species across a gradient of light availability.

Securing All intraVenous devices Effectively in hospitalised patients--the SAVE trial: study protocol for a multicentre randomised controlled trial.

Introduction: Over 70% of all hospital admissions have a peripheral intravenous device (PIV) inserted; however, the failure rate of PIVs is unacceptably high, with up to 69% of these devices failing before treatment is complete. Failure can be due to dislodgement, phlebitis, occlusion/infiltration and/or infection. This results in interrupted medical therapy; painful phlebitis and reinsertions; increased hospital length of stay, morbidity and mortality from infections; and wasted medical/nursing time.

Novel technologies can provide effective dressing and securement for peripheral arterial catheters: A pilot randomised controlled trial in the operating theatre and the intensive care unit.

Background: Peripheral arterial catheters are widely used in the care of intensive care patients for continuous blood pressure monitoring and blood sampling, yet failure - from dislodgement, accidental removal, and complications of phlebitis, pain, occlusion and infection - is common. While appropriate methods of dressing and securement are required to reduce these complications that cause failure, few studies have been conducted in this area.

Objectives: To determine initial effectiveness of one dressing and two securement methods versus usual care, in minimising failure in peripheral arterial catheters.

Think globally, research locally: paradigms and place in agroecological research.

Conducting science for practical ends implicates scientists, whether they wish it or not, as agents in social-ecological systems, raising ethical, economic, environmental, and political issues. Considering these issues helps scientists to increase the relevance and sustainability of research outcomes. As we rise to the worthy call to connect basic research with food production, scientists have the opportunity to evaluate alternative food production paradigms and consider how our research funds and efforts are best employed.

Value of information analysis optimizing future trial design from a pilot study on catheter securement devices.

Background: Value of information analysis has been proposed as an alternative to the standard hypothesis testing approach, which is based on type I and type II errors, in determining sample sizes for randomized clinical trials. However, in addition to sample size calculation, value of information analysis can optimize other aspects of research design such as possible comparator arms and alternative follow-up times, by considering trial designs that maximize the expected net benefit of research, which is the difference between the expected cost of the trial and the expected value of additional information.

Purpose: To apply value of information methods to the results of a pilot study on catheter securement devices to determine the optimal design of a future larger clinical trial.

Replacement of administration sets (including transducers) for peripheral arterial catheters: a systematic review.

Aims And Objectives: This article presents a systematic review of the evidence for the optimal interval for replacement of administration sets for peripheral arterial catheters.

Background: Peripheral arterial catheters are attached to administration sets, including transducers, which are changed routinely in some hospitals on the understanding that prolonged duration of administration sets use may cause a higher incidence of infection.

Design: Systematic review.

A snapshot of guideline compliance reveals room for improvement: a survey of peripheral arterial catheter practices in Australian operating theatres.

Aim: To report a study in Australian operating theatres of compliance by the anaesthetic team with best peripheral arterial catheter practice for blood gas sampling and infection prevention. Comparisons are made with research recommendations and Centres for Disease Control Guidelines.

Background: There is wide global usage of peripheral arterial catheters in the operating theatre for haemodynamic monitoring and blood gas analysis.

Nitrogen-fixing bacteria, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, and the productivity and structure of prairie grassland communities.

Due to their complementary roles in meeting plant nutritional needs, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and nitrogen-fixing bacteria (N(2)-fixers) may have synergistic effects on plant communities. Using greenhouse microcosms, we tested the effects of AMF, N(2)-fixers (symbiotic: rhizobia, and associative: Azospirillum brasilense), and their potential interactions on the productivity, diversity, and species composition of diverse tallgrass prairie communities and on the productivity of Panicum virgatum in monoculture. Our results demonstrate the importance of AMF and N(2)-fixers as drivers of plant community structure and function.

Competitive context alters plant-soil feedback in an experimental woodland community.

Recent findings on feedback between plants and soil microbial communities have improved our understanding of mechanisms underlying the success and consequences of invasions. However, additional studies to test for feedback in the presence and absence of interspecific competition, which may alter the strength or direction of feedbacks, are needed. We tested for soil microbial feedback in communities of the invasive grass Microstegium vimineum and commonly co-occurring native plant species.

Resource heterogeneity, soil fertility, and species diversity: effects of clonal species on plant communities.

Spatial heterogeneity in soil resources is widely thought to promote plant species coexistence, and this mechanism figures prominently in resource-ratio models of competition. However, most experimental studies have found that nutrient enhancements depress diversity regardless of whether nutrients are uniformly or heterogeneously applied. This mismatch between theory and empirical pattern is potentially due to an interaction between plant size and the scale of resource heterogeneity.

Perturbations alter community convergence, divergence, and formation of multiple community states.

Environmental perturbations (e.g., disturbance, fertilization) commonly shift communities to a new mean state, but much less is known about their effects on the variability (dispersion) of communities around the mean, particularly when perturbations are combined.

Group prenatal care and perinatal outcomes: a randomized controlled trial.

Objective: To determine whether group prenatal care improves pregnancy outcomes, psychosocial function, and patient satisfaction and to examine potential cost differences.

Methods: A multisite randomized controlled trial was conducted at two university-affiliated hospital prenatal clinics. Pregnant women aged 14-25 years (n=1,047) were randomly assigned to either standard or group care.

Mycorrhizal fungal identity and richness determine the diversity and productivity of a tallgrass prairie system.

We investigated the effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal (AMF) species richness and composition on plant community productivity and diversity, and whether AMF mediate plant species coexistence by promoting niche differentiation in phosphorus use. Our experiment manipulated AMF species richness and identity across a range of P conditions in tallgrass prairie mesocosms. We showed that increasing AMF richness promoted plant diversity and productivity, but that this AMF richness effect was small relative to the effects of individual AMF species.

Cytochrome c552 mutants: structure and dynamics at the active site probed by multidimensional NMR and vibration echo spectroscopy.

Spectrally resolved infrared stimulated vibrational echo experiments are used to measure the vibrational dephasing of a CO ligand bound to the heme cofactor in two mutated forms of the cytochrome c552 from Hydrogenobacter thermophilus. The first mutant (Ht-M61A) is characterized by a single mutation of Met61 to an Ala (Ht-M61A), while the second variant is doubly modified to have Gln64 replaced by an Asn in addition to the M61A mutation (Ht-M61A/Q64N). Multidimensional NMR experiments determined that the geometry of residue 64 in the two mutants is consistent with a non-hydrogen-bonding and hydrogen-bonding interaction with the CO ligand for Ht-M61A and Ht-M61A/Q64N, respectively.