Gefitinib in combination with oral topotecan and cyclophosphamide in relapsed neuroblastoma: pharmacological rationale and clinical response.

Aim: Activity and toxiciy of gefitinib in combination with topotecan and cyclophosphamide (CPA) were evaluated in a case-series of relapsed neuroblastoma (NB) patients. The in vitro activity of the combination was also assessed.

Procedure: Gefitinib (250 mg/day), topotecan (0.