The Work, Play, and Worship Environments as Social Determinants of Health.

Consideration of the definition of the social determinants of health (SDOHs) requires health care to include work, play, and worship environments because they are important to the health of patients and communities. This article attempts to discuss the issues with limited focus on these areas and the importance of using multidisciplinary health-care teams during primary care visits. The expectation from this information is to advance the ability for primary care providers to support patients and the communities they work in to effect change toward decreasing health disparities and enhancing overall health outcomes.

The British Columbia Farmers' Market Nutrition Coupon Program Reduces Short-Term Household Food Insecurity Among Adults With Low Incomes: A Pragmatic Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: The British Columbia Farmers' Market Nutrition Coupon Program (BC FMNCP) provides households with low incomes with coupons to purchase healthy foods from farmers' markets.

Objective: To examine the impact of the BC FMNCP on the short-term household food insecurity, malnutrition risk, mental well-being, sense of community (secondary outcomes), and subjective social status (exploratory outcome) of adults with low incomes post-intervention and 16 weeks post-intervention.

Design: Secondary analyses from a pragmatic randomized controlled trial conducted in 2019 that collected data at baseline, post-intervention, and 16 weeks post-intervention.

Impact of a farmers' market healthy food subsidy on the diet quality of adults with low incomes in British Columbia, Canada: a pragmatic randomized controlled trial.

Background: Adults with low incomes have lower diet quality than their higher income counterparts. In Canada, the British Columbia Farmers' Market Nutrition Coupon Program (FMNCP) provides coupons to low-income households to purchase healthy foods in farmers' markets.

Objective: The objective of this study was to examine the impact of the FMNCP on the diet quality of adults with low incomes.

Experiences and Perceived Outcomes of Low-Income Adults During and After Participating in the British Columbia Farmers' Market Nutrition Coupon Program: A Longitudinal Qualitative Study.

Background: The British Columbia Farmers' Market Nutrition Coupon Program (FMNCP) is a farmers' market food subsidy program that provides low-income households with coupons valued at $21/wk for 16 weeks to purchase healthy foods at participating BC Association of Farmers' Markets members' markets.

Objective: This study aimed to explore changes, differences, and similarities in participants' experiences and perceived short-term outcomes during and after participating in the FMNCP.

Design: A longitudinal qualitative research approach was used to conduct a recurrent cross-sectional analysis.

'My coupons are like gold': experiences and perceived outcomes of low-income adults participating in the British Columbia Farmers' Market Nutrition Coupon Program.

Objective: The British Columbia Farmers' Market Nutrition Coupon Program (FMNCP) provides low-income households with coupons valued at $21/week for 16 weeks to purchase healthy foods in farmers' markets. Our objective was to explore FMNCP participants' experiences of accessing nutritious foods, and perceived programme outcomes.

Design: The current study used qualitative description methodology.

Impact of a farmers' market nutrition coupon programme on diet quality and psychosocial well-being among low-income adults: protocol for a randomised controlled trial and a longitudinal qualitative investigation.

Introduction: Low-income populations have poorer diet quality and lower psychosocial well-being than their higher-income counterparts. These inequities increase the burden of chronic disease in low-income populations. Farmers' market subsidies may improve diet quality and psychosocial well-being among low-income populations.

Adherence to Combination Antiretroviral Therapy among Pregnant Women Enrolled in a HIV Prevention Program in Rural North-central Nigeria.

Objective: Adherence to combination antiretroviral therapy (ART) among pregnant women is essential to attaining the goal of eliminating mother-to-child HIV transmission. The objective of this study was to determine which factors affect adherence to ART among HIV-positive women enrolled in a large prevention of mother-to-child HIV transmission (PMTCT) trial in rural north-central Nigeria.

Methods: The parent study included 372 HIV-positive pregnant women enrolled in a cluster-randomized control trial conducted at 12 health facilities in Nigeria between 2013 and 2015.

Conventional and Complementary Therapy Use among Mexican Farmworkers in North Carolina: Applying the I-CAM-Q.

: This analysis documents the use of conventional health-care providers, traditional healers, and complementary therapies by Mexican farmworkers; identifies the purposes and perceived helpfulness of these modalities; and delineates variation in the use of traditional healers and complementary therapies. : Two-hundred Mexican farmworkers in North Carolina completed interviews May-September, 2017. The International Complementary and Alternative Medicine Questionnaire (I-CAM-Q) elicited use of conventional health-care providers, traditional healers, and complementary therapies in the previous 12 months.

Lack of validity of self-reported mammography data.

This qualitative literature review aimed to describe the totality of peer-reviewed scientific evidence from 1990 to 2017 concerning validity of self-reported mammography. This review included articles about mammography containing the words accuracy, validity, specificity, sensitivity, reliability or reproducibility; titles containing self-report, recall or patient reports, and breast or 'mammo'; and references of identified citations focusing on evaluation of 2-year self-reports. Of 45 publications meeting the eligibility criteria, 2 conducted in 1993 and 1995 at health maintenance organisations in Western USA which primarily served highly educated whites provided support for self-reports of mammography over 2 years.

Migrant Farmworker Nutritional Strategies: Implications for Diabetes Management.

Objectives: Diabetes is a chronic disease prevalent in Hispanic/Latino adults, including migrant farmworkers in the US. Its management requires that individuals follow dietary guidelines, which may be difficult for migrant farmworkers due to work and environmental constraints. This analysis is designed to explore potential barriers to and supports for migrant farmworkers' practice of effective dietary self-management.

Type 2 diabetes and mammographic breast density among underserved women.

Purpose: We conducted a study of women recruited at Meharry Medical College, a historically black medical school, to investigate the relationship between diabetes and mammographic breast density.

Methods: A total of 476 women completed in-person interviews, body measurements, and full-field digital mammograms on a Hologic mammography unit from December 2011 to February 2014. Average percent breast density for the left and right breasts combined was estimated using Quantra, an automated algorithm for volumetric assessment of breast tissue.

Which CAM modalities are worth considering?

This review-with a handy at-a-glance guide-examines 8 modalities, the level of evidence behind them, and the adverse effects you'll need to keep in mind.

Perinatal factors and breast cancer risk among Hispanics.

Purpose: This study assessed whether perinatal factors were associated with breast cancer among Hispanics, a group with fairly low incidence rates of breast cancer.

Methods: Data were used from a case-control study of breast cancer among Hispanics aged 30-79 conducted between 2003 and 2008 on the Texas-Mexico border. In-person interviews were completed with 188 incident breast cancer cases ascertained through surgeons and oncologists, and 974 controls (with respective response rates of 97% and 78%).

Sports nutrition needs: before, during, and after exercise.

This article discusses how athletes should properly fuel their bodies before, during, and after exercise to maximize athletic performance. Emphasis is placed on hydration status and glycogen stores being maintained above deficits that negatively affect sport performance. Timing of nutrient intake is as important as composition.

Work safety climate, musculoskeletal discomfort, working while injured, and depression among migrant farmworkers in North Carolina.

Objectives: This analysis described Latino migrant farmworkers' work safety climate and its association with musculoskeletal discomfort, working while injured or ill, and depressive symptoms.

Methods: Data were from a cross-sectional survey of 300 farmworkers conducted in North Carolina in 2009. Generalized estimating equations models were used to investigate the association of work safety climate with health and safety outcomes.