Donor site morbidity of upper extremity flaps in head and neck reconstruction.

Objective: This retrospective cohort study aims to compare donor site morbidity of three commonly used upper extremity flaps used in head and neck reconstructive surgery: scapular tip free flap (STFF), radial forearm free flap (RFFF), and pectoralis major pedicled flap (PMPF).

Methods: The billing database of an urban, academic, tertiary otolaryngology practice was queried to identify patients who underwent STFF, RFFF, and PMPF from 2020 to 2023. The primary outcome was identification of donor site pain and need for physical therapy (PT) referral after undergoing reconstruction.

Timing of Treatment Initiation and Effect on Facial Synkinesis Outcomes-A Retrospective Study.

While facial neuromuscular retraining and chemodenervation are effective treatments for facial synkinesis, it is unclear if clinical outcomes are affected by the timing or sequence of treatment initiation. To compare outcomes between patients with facial synkinesis based on timing of treatment initiation with facial neuromuscular retraining and/or chemodenervation as measured by the Sunnybrook Facial Grading System. Retrospective review of patients with facial synkinesis.