Electrocorticography reveals spatiotemporal neuronal activation patterns of verbal fluency in patients with epilepsy.

Verbal fluency is commonly used to evaluate cognitive dysfunction in a variety of neuropsychiatric diseases, yet the neurobiology underlying performance of this task is incompletely understood. Electrocorticography (ECoG) provides a unique opportunity to investigate temporal activation patterns during cognitive tasks with high spatial and temporal precision. We used ECoG to study high gamma activity (HGA) patterns in patients undergoing presurgical evaluation for intractable epilepsy as they completed an overt, free-recall verbal fluency task.

The refractory epilepsy screening tool for Lennox-Gastaut syndrome (REST-LGS).

Background: The complex clinical presentation and progression of Lennox-Gastaut syndrome (LGS) can complicate the accurate diagnosis of this severe, lifelong, childhood-onset epilepsy, often resulting in suboptimal treatment. The Refractory Epilepsy Screening Tool for LGS (REST-LGS) was developed to improve the identification of patients with LGS.

Methods: Using the Modified Delphi Consensus, a group of experts developed and tested the REST-LGS Case Report Form (CRF) comprising 8 criteria (4 major, 4 minor) considered potentially indicative of LGS.

A hybrid multibreath wash-in wash-out lung function quantification scheme in human subjects using hyperpolarized He MRI for simultaneous assessment of specific ventilation, alveolar oxygen tension, oxygen uptake, and air trapping.

Purpose: To present a method for simultaneous acquisition of alveolar oxygen tension (P O ), specific ventilation (SV), and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) of hyperpolarized (HP) gas in the human lung, allowing reinterpretation of the P O and SV maps to produce a map of oxygen uptake (R).

Method: An imaging scheme was designed with a series of identical normoxic HP gas wash-in breaths to measure ADC, SV, P O , and R in less than 2 min. Signal dynamics were fit to an iterative recursive model that regionally solved for these parameters.