Effectiveness of SmartMoms, a Novel eHealth Intervention for Management of Gestational Weight Gain: Randomized Controlled Pilot Trial.

Background: Two-thirds of pregnant women exceed gestational weight gain (GWG) recommendations. Because excess GWG is associated with adverse outcomes for mother and child, development of scalable and cost-effective approaches to deliver intensive lifestyle programs during pregnancy is urgent.

Objective: The aim of this study was to decrease the proportion of women who exceed the Institute of Medicine (IOM) 2009 GWG guidelines.

Examination of the reliability and validity of the Mindful Eating Questionnaire in pregnant women.

Objective: Mindfulness is theorized to affect the eating behavior and weight of pregnant women, yet no measure has been validated during pregnancy.

Methods: This study qualitatively and quantitatively evaluated the reliability and validity of the Mindful Eating Questionnaire (MEQ) in overweight and obese pregnant women. Participants completed focus groups and cognitive interviews.

Plasma micronutrients are associated with dietary intake and environmental tobacco smoke exposure in a paediatric population.

Background: While adult populations have been well described in terms of nutritional status, such as the concentration of nutrient biomarkers, little work has been done in healthy paediatric populations.

Objective: The primary objective of this analysis was to explore the determinants of plasma micronutrients in a group of healthy infants and children.

Design: The Diabetes Autoimmunity Study in the Young (DAISY) has enrolled 1433 newborns at increased risk for type 1 diabetes in Denver, Colorado.

Comparison of children's diets as reported by the child via the Youth/Adolescent Questionnaire and the parent via the Willett food-frequency questionnaire.

Objective: A comparison of a parent-completed Willett food-frequency questionnaire (FFQ) and a self-completed Youth/Adolescent Questionnaire (YAQ) has not yet been conducted.

Setting: In the Diabetes Autoimmunity Study in the Young (DAISY), parents report their child's diet on the FFQ annually from birth until age 10 years, when the child begins to report their own diet using the YAQ.

Subjects: To determine the comparability of these collection methods, 89 children aged 10-17 years and their parents completed the YAQ and FFQ, respectively, for the child's previous year's diet.

Comparison between two analytic strategies to detect linkage to obesity with genetically determined age of onset: the Framingham Heart Study.

Background: Genes have been found to influence the age of onset of several diseases and traits. The occurrence of many chronic diseases, obesity included, appears to be strongly age-dependent. However, an analysis of potential age of onset genes for obesity has yet to be reported.

In utero dietary exposures and risk of islet autoimmunity in children.

Objective: The goal of this study was to examine whether maternal dietary intake of vitamin D, omega-3 fatty acids, and omega-6 fatty acids during pregnancy is associated with the appearance of islet autoimmunity (IA) in offspring.

Research Design And Methods: The Diabetes Autoimmunity Study in the Young (DAISY) is recruiting at birth and following children at increased risk for type 1 diabetes, as determined by HLA-DR genotype or by family history of type 1 diabetes. A total of 233 mothers of newly recruited DAISY subjects were asked to recall their intake of food and nutritional supplements during the third trimester of pregnancy using the Willett food frequency questionnaire.

Dietary fish oil protects against lung and liver inflammation and fibrosis in monocrotaline treated rats.

The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the effectiveness of fish oil in preventing tissue pathologies associated with monocrotaline (MCT) toxicity. Twenty-four weanling rats were randomly assigned to one of two groups: (1) 12 to a group fed a diet containing 15% (w/w) corn oil (control) and (2) 12 to a group fed a diet containing fish oil (13%) and corn oil (2%) as the source of fat. Rats were fed for 4 weeks prior to MCT treatment.