Role of endothelin-1 in the hyper-responsiveness to nitrovasodilators following acute NOS inhibition.

Background And Purpose: Acute NOS inhibition in humans and animals is associated with hypersensitivity to NO donors. The mechanisms underlying this phenomenon have not been fully elucidated. The purpose of the present study was to assess whether hypersensitivity to NOS-blockade is linked to endothelin-1 (ET-1) signalling.

The use of noninvasive ventilation in emergency department patients with acute cardiogenic pulmonary edema: a systematic review.

Study Objective: Acute cardiogenic pulmonary edema is a common cause of respiratory distress in emergency department (ED) patients. Noninvasive ventilation by noninvasive positive pressure ventilation or continuous positive airway pressure has been studied as a treatment strategy. We critically evaluate the evidence for the use of noninvasive ventilation on rates of hospital mortality and endotracheal intubation.

Effects of intravascular cryotherapy on vessel wall repair in a balloon-injured rabbit iliac artery model.

Objective: Although the application of cold energy, cryotherapy, has been shown to cause selective damage to cellular components with preservation of matrix structure resulting in less fibrosis in a variety of tissues, the effects of intravascular cryotherapy on vessel wall repair after balloon angioplasty are unknown. We sought to characterize the effects of cryotherapy application on vessel wall repair after balloon angioplasty and study the relationship between collagen accumulation in the vessel wall and late lumen loss as assessed by serial intravascular ultrasound.

Methods: The immediate, early (72 h) and late (10 weeks) effects of three intravascular cryotherapy application time periods (60, 120 and 240 s) after iliac artery balloon angioplasty ('cryotherapy') were compared with balloon angioplasty alone ('control') in 59 rabbits.

Late effects of low-energy gamma-emitting stents in a rabbit iliac artery model.

Purpose: To determine the long-term dose response of novel low-dose gamma-emitting stents in a rabbit iliac artery model.

Methods And Materials: Control stents (n=24) and 103Pd stents 1.0 to 4.

Arterial repair after stenting and the effects of GM6001, a matrix metalloproteinase inhibitor.

Objectives: This study compared the extracellular matrix (ECM) and cellular responses after stenting to balloon angioplasty (BA) and to determine the late effects of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) inhibition on arterial repair after stenting.

Background: Although stenting is the predominant form of coronary intervention, there is limited understanding of the early and late arterial response.

Methods: In a double-injury rabbit model, adjacent iliac arteries in 87 animals received BA (3.