Background: To determine the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on prenatal and postpartum depressive symptoms in rural versus urban populations.
Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted among 24,227 cisgender women who gave birth from 2010 to 2021 at an academic medical center located in a rural midwestern state. Exclusion criteria were <18 years old, incarcerated, or without a documented zip code.
TikTok, a social media platform with substantial youth engagement, has been used to examine eating disorder (ED) recovery; however, no studies have described the experience of ED treatment as told on TikTok. The purpose of this study was to describe content related to ED treatment using the hashtag #EDtreatment. The 100 most-viewed videos using #EDtreatment were downloaded, transcribed verbatim, and coded.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTrauma exposure is a risk factor for both food insecurity (FI) and increased eating disorder (ED) pathology. The purpose of this study was to explore the relation between trauma and ED diagnosis in a sample of women experiencing FI. A cross-sectional analysis of surveys from 99 women with self-reported FI (54% White; mean [SD] age = 40.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGun violence is a leading public health concern in the US; subsequently, firearm-related violence prevention is a top priority for policymakers. Extreme risk protection order (ERPO) laws are a state-level attempt to reduce gun-related injuries and deaths. These court-issued orders prohibit people found to be dangerous to themselves or others from temporarily purchasing or possessing a firearm.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Extreme risk protection orders (ERPOs) are one policy mechanism to address the critical public health problem of gun violence. The inclusion of healthcare professionals with ERPOs is a promising approach to expanding ERPO utilization, yet early evidence has not been examined.
Objective: The purpose of this study was to synthesize the current research on healthcare professionals and ERPOs.
Hospices in California have undergone significant and complicated ownership changes in recent years. Little is known about the impact of these ownership changes on hospices. The purpose of our longitudinal, retrospective descriptive study was to describe the ownership changes impacting hospices 2018 to 2021 in California.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCommunity evidence indicates high eating disorder (ED) and comorbid symptom severity among LGBTQ+ compared to cisgender heterosexual (CH) individuals. Little is known about such disparities in ED treatment samples, especially in outpatient treatment. We aimed to descriptively characterize and investigate baseline group differences in symptom severity between LGBTQ+ and CH ED outpatients at treatment intake.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFParanjothy and Wade's (2024) meta-analysis revealed that disordered eating was robustly and consistently associated with greater self-criticism and lower self-compassion across samples. It is well known that even evidence-based treatments for eating disorders (EDs) do not produce long-lasting effects for many patients. Additionally, it is unclear whether existing "mainstream" evidence-based ED treatments effectively reduce shame and self-criticism and increase self-compassion, even when they intend to do so.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEating disorder (ED) behaviors and depression are associated with numerous negative outcomes, including lower quality of life and functional impairment. College women are at elevated risk for both. Prior research indicates ED behaviors, including binge eating, self-induced vomiting, and fasting, predict increases in future depressive symptoms.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFUnderstanding the co-occurrence of food insecurity and eating disorders is a pressing concern. Several factors have been hypothesized to increase risk for eating disorders in women with food insecurity including dietary restriction, body weight, and weight-related bias, but few studies have tested these factors simultaneously to determine which are associated most strongly with eating disorder status. We tested cross-sectional associations of dietary restriction, current body mass index (BMI), weight suppression (i.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFUnlabelled: Problematic alcohol use and binge eating frequently co-occur. High levels of negative affect, negative urgency, and/or shame may increase the likelihood that problematic alcohol use and binge eating co-occur over time.
Objective: Examine 1) the temporal relationship between problematic alcohol use and binge eating among college women, who are at high risk for both, and 2) the additive and moderating effects of shared, emotion-based risk factors in models involving both problematic alcohol use and binge eating.
Unlabelled: Fasting and negative urgency (the disposition to act rashly when distressed) are risk factors for binge eating. It may be that each influences the other over time to predict binge eating.
Objective: This study tested whether (1) fasting predicts binge eating through negative urgency, and (2) negative urgency predicts binge eating through fasting.
Older women face unique challenges regarding health disparities. This study aims to provide an understanding of older women's perceptions and situated experiences regarding the gendered health disparities they face, which are characterized by the policies related to older women's health and the geopolitical and social norms in which they live. The purpose of this project is to provide policy and decision-makers with insights and a better understanding of older women's experiences and perceptions of the policies that impact their health and healthcare.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAm J Hosp Palliat Care
August 2024
In areas where there are absences of pediatric hospice care, adult hospices are often asked to provide hospice care for children. Little is known about these adult hospices. The purpose of our study was to describe the characteristics of adult hospices in California that provided care to children from 2018 to 2021.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGreater binge size within bulimia nervosa is associated with elevated distress and impairment. Theoretical models posit that emotion dysregulation predicts binge eating, but little research has investigated the potential for dispositional traits that reflect difficulty in emotion regulation to predict binge size among women with bulimia nervosa. Research supports that negative urgency, the tendency to act rashly when feeling distressed, is associated with binge eating behavior among individuals with bulimia nervosa.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEating-related content is common on TikTok, a popular video-based social media platform, but studies of eating-related content on TikTok are limited. Given the documented association between social media use and disordered eating, investigation of eating-related content on TikTok is needed. One subset of popular eating-related content is "What I Eat in a Day" (#WhatIEatInADay), in which a creator documents the food they eat over the assumed span of a single day.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFood insecurity (FI), or limited consistent access to food, is associated with eating disorder (ED) pathology; however, the underlying mechanisms of this relationship remain unclear. Health literacy, or the ability to comprehend and apply health-related information to decision making, is linked to FI and has implications for outcomes across a broad range of diagnoses. The purpose of this study was to examine associations between health literacy and ED symptoms in a sample of 99 women with FI.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: To compare participants with current food insecurity and different psychopathology profiles on shame, guilt, anxiety, and depression using a cross-sectional design.
Method: Women with current food insecurity (n = 99; 54% White) were placed into four groups based on their endorsement of symptoms of psychopathology: eating disorder with depression/anxiety comorbidity (ED-C group; n = 17), depression/anxiety only (Depression/anxiety group; n = 34), eating disorder only (ED group; n = 12), and No-diagnosis group (n = 36). Groups were compared on self-report measures of shame, guilt, depression, and anxiety using analysis of covariance.
Representation in data sets is critical to improving healthcare for the largest possible number of people. Unfortunately, pregnancy is a very understudied period of time. Further, the gap in available data is wide between pregnancies in urban areas versus rural areas.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDepression and preeclampsia share risk factors and are bi-directionally associated with increased risk for each other. Despite epidemiological evidence linking selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) in pregnancy to preeclampsia, serotonin (5-HT) and vasopressin (AVP) secretion mechanisms suggest that SSRIs may attenuate preeclampsia risk. However, there is a need to clarify the relationship between SSRIs and preeclampsia in humans to determine therapeutic potential.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThis multi-method, two-study investigation tested the hypothesis that, controlling for guilt and negative affect, shame increases following binge eating. Support for this hypothesis constitutes the first step in testing the theory that shame mediates the link between binge eating and comorbid psychopathology. Study 1 employed a laboratory binge-eating paradigm in n = 51 women [21 with bulimia nervosa, 30 controls].
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTo advance the application of clinical data to address maternal health we developed and implemented a Maternal Child Knowledgebase (MCK). The MCK integrates data from every pregnancy that received care at the University of Iowa Hospitals & Clinics (UIHC) and links information from the pregnancy episode to the delivery episode and between the mother and child. This knowledgebase contains integrated information regarding diagnoses, medications, mother and child vitals, hospital admissions, depression screenings, laboratory value results, and procedure information.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: Body dissatisfaction elevates the risk for disordered eating behaviors. Excessive exercise is prevalent among college women and associated with harm. Risk theory posits a bidirectional relationship between risk factors for disordered eating behaviors and the behaviors themselves.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntroduction: To improve maternal health outcomes, increased diversity is needed among pregnant people in research studies and community surveillance. To expand the pool, we sought to develop a network encompassing academic and community obstetrics clinics. Typical challenges in developing a network include site identification, contracting, onboarding sites, staff engagement, participant recruitment, funding, and institutional review board approvals.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAlthough broad dispositional negative affect predicts problematic alcohol use, emerging evidence suggests that individual differences in how people experience and respond to negative affect may play an important role in risk. In a sample of 358 college students assessed twice across their first year of college, the current study investigated the predictive roles of trait negative affect, affective lability (the tendency to experience rapid and intense shifts in mood), negative urgency (the tendency to act rashly when highly emotional), and problem drinking via self-report measures completed online. Data were analyzed using structural equation modeling (SEM).
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