Improved chemically defined basal medium (CMRL-1969) for primary monkey kidney and human diploid cells.

An improved tissue culture basal medium, CMRL-1969, supplemented with serum, has been evaluated by measuring the growth responses of primary cultures of trypsin-dispersed monkey kidney cells (PMKC) and of an established culture of a human diploid cell strain (HDCS). Medium H597, an early modification of medium 199 which has been used successfully in the preparation of poliomyelitis vaccine for 15 years, was used for comparison. In addition, parallel testing was done with Basal Medium Eagle (BME) widely used for the growth of HDCS.

Trematodes transmitted to man by fish, frogs, and crustacea.

There are approximately 43 species of trematodes which man acquires from eating improperly cooked fish, frogs, or crustaceans. A variety of wild and domestic mammals and birds also serve as the definitive host for the flukes. The organisms acquired from the ingestion of fish, parasitize the bile ducts and liver, all parts of the intestine as well as taking up residence in ectopic sites.