Background: In light of inconsistent evidence from previous observational studies regarding the correlation between serum vitamin D levels and urolithiasis, this study aimed to investigate the genome-wide causal association between genetically predicted serum 25(OH)D levels and urolithiasis using the Mendelian randomization (MR) approach.
Methods: In this study, we utilized genome-wide association studies (GWAS) summary statistics from the UK Biobank and SUNLIGHT consortium for serum vitamin D levels, as well as urolithiasis data from FinnGen. We employed bidirectional two-sample MR analysis to evaluate potential causal relationships.