Gender difference in rumination subtypes connecting to depression.

Purpose: The prevalence of depression is higher in women than in men. This may be because women are more prone to rumination. However, there is a lack of evidence about which rumination symptoms are most strongly associated with depression in women.

PDE4B promotes JNK/NLRP3 activation in the nucleus pulposus and mediates intervertebral disc degeneration.

Intervertebral disc degeneration disease (IDD) is one of the leading causes of disability, and current therapies are ineffective. Phosphodiesterase 4B (PDE4B) plays essential roles in regulating the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome. However, whether PDE4B or NLRP3 is involved in the development of IDD is unclear.

A Fluorescence/Colorimetric Synergistic-Enhanced Type-I Heterostructured MOF@QDs for Both Multi-Depth Food-Freshness Prediction and Extra Preservation.

Spoiled food has significantly impacted the global economy and public health, which increases worldwide concern about monitoring and preserving food freshness. Herein, a multi-functional type-I heterojunction (Eu@ZMC) is designed by europium metal-organic framework (EuMOF), zinc oxide quantum dots (ZnO QDs), and chlorogenic acid (CGA). Eu@ZMC achieves ratiometric fluorescent/colorimetric sensing of pH and biogenic amines to detect freshness.

Colloidal Design and Preparation of an Internal Electric Modulated Z-Scheme BiOI-CdS Heteronanostructure with Oxygen-Rich Vacancies.

Photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting offers an ideal strategy for the development of clean and renewable energy. However, its practical implementation is often inhibited by the high recombination rate of photogenerated charge carriers and the instability of photoanodes. Introducing defect engineering (such as oxygen vacancies) and constructing internal electric field-modulated Z-scheme heteronanostructures (HNs) can be considered as effective approaches to overcome these obstacles.

Multiomics Analysis Reveals Key Targeted Metabolic Pathways Underlying the Hormesis and Detrimental Effects of Enrofloxacin on Rice Plants.

Fluoroquinolone antibiotic enrofloxacin (ENR) is frequently detected in agricultural environments. The hormesis and detrimental effects of ENR on crops have been extensively observed. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying these crops' responses to ENR remain limited.

Advances in genetically modified neural stem cell therapy for central nervous system injury and neurological diseases.

Neural stem cells (NSCs) have increasingly been recognized as the most promising candidates for cell-based therapies for the central nervous system (CNS) injuries, primarily due to their pluripotent differentiation capabilities, as well as their remarkable secretory and homing properties. In recent years, extensive research efforts have been initiated to explore the therapeutic potential of NSC transplantation for CNS injuries, yielding significant advancements. Nevertheless, owing to the formation of adverse microenvironment at post-injury leading to suboptimal survival, differentiation, and integration within the host neural network of transplanted NSCs, NSC-based transplantation therapies often fall short of achieving optimal therapeutic outcomes.

Genetic Analysis and Fine Mapping of QTLs for Stigma Exsertion Rate in Rice.

Stigma exsertion rate (SER) is a crucial trait that influences the seed production of hybrid rice by determining the outcrossing ability of male sterile lines (MSLs). However, the molecular genetic mechanisms underlying SER are still poorly understood. In this study, we identified 14 quantitative trait loci (QTLs) using a recombinant inbred line (RIL) population derived from B805D-MR-16-8-3 (B805D) and Hua6S.

Effect of trait anxiety on visual working memory capacity: The role of filtering efficiency.

Previous research has consistently shown that high trait anxiety (HTA) reduces spatial and verbal working memory capacity. However, its effects on visual working memory (VWM) are inconsistent, and the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. This study investigates the impact of trait anxiety on VWM capacity and the role of filtering efficiency through two experiments.

Transcranial near-infrared light promotes remyelination through AKT1/mTOR pathway to ameliorate postoperative neurocognitive disorder in aged mice.

Postoperative neurocognitive disorder (PND) is a prevalent complication following surgery and anesthesia, characterized by progressive cognitive decline. The precise etiology of PND remains unknown, and effective targeted therapeutic strategies are lacking. Transcranial near-infrared light (tNIRL) has shown potential benefits for cognitive dysfunction diseases, but its effect on PND remains unclear.

Advances in understanding the role of interleukins in pulmonary fibrosis (Review).

Pulmonary fibrosis (PF) is a progressive, irreversible disease characterized by heterogeneous interstitial lung tissue damage. It originates from persistent or repeated lung epithelial injury and leads to the activation and differentiation of fibroblasts into myofibroblasts. Interleukins (ILs) are a group of lymphokines crucial for immunomodulation that are implicated in the pathogenesis of PF.

The Evolution of Nanoscale Third Body Layer Revealed by Graphite Structural Superlubric Contact.

Revealing the evolution of nanoscale third bodies confined between sliding surfaces is essential to understanding the friction and electrical properties for solid contacts. Here, with graphite/graphite contacts in structural superlubricity, a state of no wear and ultralow friction, we reveal the morphological evolution of a third body layer introduced by air through measuring friction and conductance during cyclic hold-slide tests. The directional transport of confined molecules causes apparent elastic deformation of the third body layer, leading to local graphite/graphite direct contact.

Ligand-enabled Ni-catalysed dicarbofunctionalisation of alkenes with diverse native functional groups.

The transition metal-catalysed dicarbofunctionalisation of unactivated alkenes normally requires exogenous strong coordinated directing groups, thus reducing the overall reaction efficiency. Here, we report a ligand-enabled Ni(II)-catalysed dicarbofunctionalisation of unactivated alkenes with aryl/alkenyl boronic acids and alkyl halides as the coupling partners with a diverse range of native functional groups as the directing group. This dicarbofunctionalisation protocol provides an efficient and direct route towards vicinal 1,2-disubstituted alkanes using primary, secondary, tertiary amides, sulfonamides, as well as secondary and tertiary amines under redox-neutral conditions that are challenging to access through conventional methods.

Bibliometric and visual analysis of SGLT2 inhibitors in cardiovascular diseases.

Background: Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) pose a significant threat to human health due to their high mortality and morbidity rates. Despite advances in treatments, the prevalence and impact of cardiovascular disease continue to increase. Sodium-glucose transporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i), initially approved for the treatment of type 2 diabetes, have important research value and promising applications in reducing CVD risk, especially in heart failure (HF) and atherosclerosis patients with cardiovascular disease (ASCVD).

The association between aspects of expressive suppression emotion regulation strategy and rumination traits: a network analysis approach.

Expressive suppression is an abnormal emotion regulation strategy, and its relationship with rumination traits is unclear. In this study with 395 participants in China (33.9% female, Mean age = 21.

Construction of Lactones via Ligand-Enabled Ni-Catalyzed Alkene Hydroxylarylation/Lactonization.

Here, we report the preparation of lactones via Ni-catalyzed alkene hydroxylarylation and sequential intramolecular lactonization with O as a green oxidant and oxygen source. The bulky 1,3-diketone ligand is crucial by enabling Ni-catalyzed hydroxylarylation of alkenes, providing numerous phthalide and furanone derivatives with high efficiency under mild conditions. The synthetic value of this methodology was further demonstrated by the efficient synthesis of typhaphthalide and a monoamine oxidase B inhibitor.

On-Device Pressure-Tunable Moving Schottky Contacts.

Contact engineering enhances electronic device performance and functions but often involves costly, inconvenient fabrication and material replacement processes. We develop an , reversible, full-device-scale approach to reconfigurable 2D van der Waals contacts. Ideal p-type Schottky contacts free from surface dangling bonds and Fermi-level pinning are constructed at structurally superlubric graphite-MoS interfaces.

Exploring the MRI and Clinical Features of P53-Mutated Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

Purpose: To study the MRI features (based on LI-RADS) and clinical characteristics of P53-mutated hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients.

Patients And Methods: This study enrolled 344 patients with histopathologically confirmed HCC (P53-mutated group [n = 196], non-P53-mutated group [n = 148]). We retrospectively evaluated the preoperative MRI features, clinical and pathologic features of the lesions and assigned each lesion according to the LI-RADS.

Molybdenum Disulfide Induced Phase Control Synthesis of Multi-dimensional CoS-MoS Heteronanostructures via Cation Exchange.

Phase control over cation exchange (CE) reactions has emerged as an important approach for the synthesis of nanomaterials (NMs), enabling precise determination of their reactivity and properties. Although factors such as crystal structure and morphology have been studied for the phase engineering of CE reactions in NMs, there remains a lack of systematic investigation to reveal the impact for the factors in heterogeneous materials. Herein, we report a molybdenum disulfide induced phase control method for synthesizing multidimensional CoS-MoS heteronanostructures (HNs) via cation exchange.

Improving Rice Grain Quality Through Ecotype Breeding for Enhancing Food and Nutritional Security in Asia-Pacific Region.

Rice grain is widely consumed as a staple food, providing essential nutrition for households, particularly marginalized families. It plays a crucial role in ensuring food security, promoting human nutrition, supporting good health, and contributing to global food and nutritional security. Addressing the diverse quality demands of emerging diverse and climate-risked population dietary needs requires the development of a single variety of rice grain that can meet the various dietary and nutritional requirements.

Impact of starch amylose and amylopectin on the rheological and 3D printing properties of corn starch.

This study evaluated the influence of the amylose and amylopectin on the physicochemical properties and printing performance of corn starch gels. Amylose in starch-based gels enhances their storage modulus and the support performance of printed products by promoting the formation of cross-linked gel structures and crystalline structures. However, the higher amylose content in starch gels makes extrusion difficult, resulting in intermittent extrusion in 3D printing.

miR-190 restores the innate immune homeostasis of Drosophila by directly inhibiting Tab2 in Imd pathway.

The Drosophila Imd pathways are well-known mechanisms involved in innate immunity responsible for Gram-negative (G-) bacterial infection. The intensity and durability of immunity need to be finely regulated to keep sufficient immune activation meanwhile avoid excessive immune response. In this study, we firstly demonstrated that miR-190 can downregulate the expression levels of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) in the Imd immune pathway after Escherichia coli infection using the miR-190 overexpression flies and the miR-190KO/+ flies.