Wearable electrodriven switch actively delivers macromolecular drugs to fundus in non-invasive and controllable manners.

Current treatments for fundus disorders, such as intravitreal injections, pose risks, including infection and retinal detachment, and are limited in their ability to deliver macromolecular drugs across the blood‒retinal barrier. Although non-invasive methods are safer, their delivery efficiency remains suboptimal (<5%). We have developed a wearable electrodriven switch (WES) that improves the non-invasive delivery of macromolecules to the fundus.

Early intervention with Ustekinumab is associated with higher rates of clinical and endoscopic remission in patients with Crohn's disease.

Background: Early biologic intervention after diagnosis has shown improved clinical and endoscopic outcomes in patients with Crohn's disease (CD), while very little is known about the effectiveness of early versus late administration of Ustekinumab (UST).

Objectives: We aimed to compare early versus late UST use in managing CD and identify potential predictors associated with clinical and endoscopic outcomes.

Design: This was a retrospective observational study.

Potential thermoelectric material TlXS (X = V, Nb, Ta) with ultralow lattice thermal conductivity.

The demand for sustainable energy solutions has driven intensive research into advanced thermoelectric (TE) materials, to harness waste heat for efficient power generation. Recently, several studies have revealed that TlVS possesses an ultralow lattice thermal conductivity, despite its simple body-centered cubic lattice structure. This paper focuses on the TE properties of TlXS (X = V, Nb, Ta) compounds through a systematic exploration utilizing first-principles calculations and semiclassical Boltzmann transport theory.

Oral chitosan-cyclodextrin "shell-core" nanoparticles co-loaded Rhein and chlorogenic acid for ulcerative colitis treatment.

The food-derived ingredients Rhein (RH) and chlorogenic acid (CGA) have DEMONSTRATED a potential synergistic effect in the treatment of ulcerative colitis (UC) through their anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. However, the oral co-delivery of RH and CGA faces challenges such as differences in hydrophilicity and hydrophobicity, gastrointestinal instability, and inadequate colonic targeting. To address these issues, shell-core nanoparticles were developed for the co-encapsulation of RH and CGA (CP@CGA-FA/TA@RH NPs).

Capturing intermediates and membrane remodeling in class III viral fusion.

Enveloped viruses enter cells by fusing their envelopes to host cell membranes. Vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) glycoprotein (G) is a prototype for class III fusion proteins. Although structures of the stable pre- and postfusion ectodomain of G are known, its fusogenic intermediates are insufficiently characterized.

CLMS: Bridging domain gaps in medical imaging segmentation with source-free continual learning for robust knowledge transfer and adaptation.

Deep learning shows promise for medical image segmentation but suffers performance declines when applied to diverse healthcare sites due to data discrepancies among the different sites. Translating deep learning models to new clinical environments is challenging, especially when the original source data used for training is unavailable due to privacy restrictions. Source-free domain adaptation (SFDA) aims to adapt models to new unlabeled target domains without requiring access to the original source data.

Exploring Framework Nucleic Acids: A Perspective on Their Cellular Applications.

Cells are fundamental units of life. The coordination of cellular functions and behaviors relies on a cascade of molecular networks. Technologies that enable exploration and manipulation of specific molecular events in living cells with high spatiotemporal precision would be critical for pathological study, disease diagnosis, and treatment.

Numerical Cincinnati Stroke Scale versus Stroke Severity Screening Tools for the Prehospital Determination of Large Vessel Occlusion.

Objectives: Previous research demonstrated that the numerical Cincinnati Prehospital Stroke Scale (CPSS) identifies large vessel occlusion (LVO) at similar rates compared to dedicated LVO screening tools. We aimed to compare numerical CPSS to additional stroke scales using a national Emergency Medical Services (EMS) database.

Methods: Using the ESO Data Collaborative, the largest EMS database with linked hospital data, we retrospectively analyzed prehospital patient records from 2022.

Bimetallic peroxide-based nanotherapeutics for immunometabolic intervention and induction of immunogenic cell death to augment cancer immunotherapy.

Immunotherapy has transformed cancer treatment, but its efficacy is often limited by the immunosuppressive characteristics of the tumor microenvironment (TME), which are predominantly influenced by the metabolism of cancer cells. Among these metabolic pathways, the indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) pathway is particularly crucial, as it significantly contributes to TME suppression and influences immune cell activity. Additionally, inducing immunogenic cell death (ICD) in tumor cells can reverse the immunosuppressive TME, thereby enhancing the efficacy of immunotherapy.

DNA Nanopatch-Specific Modification of Probiotics for Ultrasound-Triggered Inflammatory Bowel Disease Therapy.

Probiotics offer promising results for treating inflammatory bowel disease, yet precision therapy remains challenging, particularly in manipulating probiotics spatially and temporally and shielding them from oxidative stress. To address these limitations, herein we synthesized bacteria-specific DNA nanopatches to modify ultrasound-triggered engineered Nissle 1917. These probiotics produced the anti-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-10 when stimulated by ultrasound and were fortified with DNPs for oxidative stress resistance.

Curcumin triggers the Wnt/β-catenin pathway and shields neurons from injury caused by intermittent hypoxia.

The objective of this study was to explore the molecular basis through which Curcumin (Cur) mitigates neuronal damage caused by obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). HT22 was used to simulate intermittent hypoxia (IH) injury and explore the effect of Cur on these cells. We evaluated the cell viability, cytotoxicity, apoptosis, proliferation, and Wnt/β-catenin (WβC) pathway.

Two-dimensional Janus XWZAZ' (X = S, Se, Te; A = Si, Ge; Z, Z' = N, P, As): candidates for photocatalytic water splitting and piezoelectric materials.

Due to their extraordinary properties, particularly the presence of an inherent electric field that effectively suppresses the recombination of photogenerated carriers, Janus two-dimensional (2D) materials exhibit strong light absorption and high solar-to-hydrogen conversion efficiency, making them promising candidates for photocatalytic water splitting applications. In this study, we conducted first-principles calculations to investigate the layers XWZAZ' (X = S, Se, Te; A = Si, Ge; Z, Z' = N, P, As; Z ≠ Z'). Out of 36 possible structures, 25 were found to be stable in terms of their dynamic, thermal, and mechanical properties.

Ultra-efficient removal of aqueous hexavalent chromium by activated biochar nanoparticles derived from squid ink.

Biochar have been recognized as efficient and renewable carbon sorbents, which attracted much attention on Cr contamination remediation in wastewater. In this study, we propose a cost-effective one-step strategy to synthesize activated biochar nanoparticles derived from squid ink (AS-BC) for aqueous Cr(VI) removal. The results demonstrated that AS-BC achieved a removal rate of 24.

Burden of non-communicable diseases due to population ageing in China: challenges to healthcare delivery and long term care services.

China has made substantial progress in healthcare delivery to reduce the burden of non-communicable diseases due to population ageing, although challenges and opportunities in long term care services have been under-recognised, argue

Association between serum IgM and all-cause mortality risk in Chinese centenarians: a prospective cohort study.

Background: We investigated the associations between IgM, IgG, IgA, and IgE levels and all-cause mortality risk in Chinese centenarians.

Methods: All participants were from the China Hainan Centenarian Cohort Study. Eligible participants were divided into quartiles based on their IgM, IgG, IgA, and IgE levels.

Semaglutide ameliorates Alzheimer's disease and restores oxytocin in APP/PS1 mice and human brain organoid models.

Aims: To investigate the therapeutic effects and mechanisms of Semaglutide in Alzheimer's disease (AD), and identify its potential targets.

Methods: We systematically evaluated the effect of Semaglutide on Alzheimer's disease (AD), using both mice and human organoid models.

Results: Behavioral analyses on APP/PS1 mice demonstrated that Semaglutide improved the cognitive capabilities, particularly in the learning and memory domains.

Smoking cessation and mortality risk reduction in older adults with long-term smoking history.

Background: The association between smoking cessation and decreased mortality existed among former smokers has been well documented. However, evidence is limited for smokers with long-term exposure. This study aims to quantify the association between smoking cessation and mortality by years since quitting in older adults with long-term smoking history.

PAM-relaxed and temperature-tolerant CRISPR-Mb3Cas12a single transcript unit systems for efficient singular and multiplexed genome editing in rice, maize, and tomato.

Class 2 Type V-A CRISPR-Cas (Cas12a) nucleases are powerful genome editing tools, particularly effective in A/T-rich genomic regions, complementing the widely used CRISPR-Cas9 in plants. To enhance the utility of Cas12a, we investigate three Cas12a orthologs-Mb3Cas12a, PrCas12a, and HkCas12a-in plants. Protospacer adjacent motif (PAM) requirements, editing efficiencies, and editing profiles are compared in rice.

Curcumin activates the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway to alleviate hippocampal neurogenesis abnormalities caused by intermittent hypoxia: A study based on network pharmacology and experimental verification.

The purpose of this work was to investigate how curcumin (Cur) might enhance cognitive function and to gain a better understanding of the molecular mechanisms behind Cur's impacts on neurogenesis deficits brought on by intermittent hypoxia (IH). Using network pharmacology, we explored possible targets for Cur's obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) therapy. We established an IH model using C57BL/6 mice and c17.

Identification of potent biparatopic antibodies targeting FGFR2 fusion driven cholangiocarcinoma.

Unlabelled: Translocations involving FGFR2 gene fusions are common in cholangiocarcinoma and predict response to FGFR kinase inhibitors. However, the rate and durability of response are limited due to the emergence of resistance, typically involving acquired FGFR2 kinase domain mutations, and to sub-optimal dosing, relating to drug adverse effects. Here, we report the development of biparatopic antibodies targeting the FGFR2 extracellular domain (ECD), as candidate therapeutics.