Carbon nanofiber-supported Cu nanoparticles for efficient nitrate reduction to ammonia.

Since the d-orbitals of copper are beneficial for adsorption of nitrate and conversion to nitrite, porous carbon nanofiber-supported copper nanoparticles (Cu@CNFs) are proposed as an efficient electrocatalyst for nitrate reduction to ammonia, which achieves a large ammonia yield of 24.22 mg h mg. and a high faradaic efficiency (FE) of 86.

Physiologically Relevant Coculture Model for Oral Microbial-Host Interactions.

Understanding microbial-host interactions in the oral cavity is essential for elucidating oral disease pathogenesis and its systemic implications. bacteria-host cell coculture models have enabled fundamental studies to characterize bacterial infection and host responses in a reductionist yet reproducible manner. However, existing coculture models fail to replicate the physiological oxygen gradients critical for studying these interactions.

Effects of epigallocatechin gallate on the development of matrix-rich biofilm.

In this study, we evaluated the impact of Epigalocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) on biofilm development for 24 and 46 h using high-resolution confocal laser scanning microscopy. EGCG treatment led to the formation of interspaced exopolysaccharide (EPS)-microcolony complexes unevenly distributed on the surface of hydroxyapatite disc, forming a thinner and less complex biofilm structure with significantly reduced biomass, matrix volume, and thickness compared to the NaCl treated group (negative control). At 46 h, the biofilm of the EGCG-treatment group failed to form the bacterial-EPS superstructures which is characteristic of the biofilm in the negative control group.

Saccharibacteria deploy two distinct Type IV pili, driving episymbiosis, host competition, and twitching motility.

All cultivated Patescibacteria, or CPR, exist as obligate episymbionts on other microbes. Despite being ubiquitous in mammals and environmentally, molecular mechanisms of host identification and binding amongst ultrasmall bacterial episymbionts are largely unknown. Type 4 pili (T4P) are well conserved in this group and predicted to facilitate symbiotic interactions.

Complete genome of sp. strain BB002, isolated and cultivated from a site of periodontal disease.

strain BB002, was isolated from the human oral cavity on its basibiont bacterial host sp. oral taxon 171 strain F0337, related to . As a member of the within the candidate phylum radiation group (CPR), its reduced genome facilitates the survival as an ultrasmall (<0.

Adhesive interactions within microbial consortia can be differentiated at the single-cell level through expansion microscopy.

Investigating microbe-microbe interactions at the single-cell level is critical to unraveling the ecology and dynamics of microbial communities. In many situations, microbes assemble themselves into densely packed multispecies biofilms. The density and complexity pose acute difficulties for visualizing individual cells and analyzing their interactions.

Targeted elimination of alleviates periodontitis.

Background: , a pathobiont in periodontal disease, contributes to alveolar bone destruction. We assessed the efficacy of a new targeted antimicrobial, FP-100, in eradicating from the oral microbial community and and evaluated its effectiveness in reducing bone loss in a mouse periodontitis model.

Methods: A multispecies bacterial community was cultured and treated with two concentrations of FP-100 over two days.

Identifying essential genes in using a highly-saturated transposon library.

The unique epibiotic-parasitic relationship between type strain TM7x, a member of the newly identified Candidate Phyla Radiation, now referred to as and its basibiont, strain XH001 (formerly , require more powerful genetic tools for deeper understanding of the genetic underpinnings that mediate their obligate relationship. Previous studies have mainly characterized the genomic landscape of XH001 during or post TM7x infection through comparative genomic or transcriptomic analyses followed by phenotypic analysis. Comprehensive genetic dissection of the pair is currently cumbersome due to the lack of robust genetic tools in TM7x.

Adhesive interactions within microbial consortia can be differentiated at the single-cell level through expansion microscopy.

Investigating microbe-microbe interactions at the single-cell level is critical to unraveling the ecology and dynamics of microbial communities. In many situations, microbes assemble themselves into densely packed multi-species biofilms. The density and complexity pose acute difficulties for visualizing individual cells and analyzing their interactions.

Ferroptosis resistance in cancer cells: nanoparticles for combination therapy as a solution.

Ferroptosis is a form of regulated cell death (RCD) characterized by iron-dependent lipid peroxidation. Ferroptosis is currently proposed as one of the most promising means of combating tumor resistance. Nevertheless, the problem of ferroptosis resistance in certain cancer cells has been identified.

Bacteriophage protein Dap1 regulates evasion of antiphage immunity and Pseudomonas aeruginosa virulence impacting phage therapy in mice.

Bacteriophages have evolved diverse strategies to overcome host defence mechanisms and to redirect host metabolism to ensure successful propagation. Here we identify a phage protein named Dap1 from Pseudomonas aeruginosa phage PaoP5 that both modulates bacterial host behaviour and contributes to phage fitness. We show that expression of Dap1 in P.

Epigallocatechin gallate reduces the virulence of cariogenic Streptococcus mutans biofilm by affecting the synthesis of biofilm matrix components.

Introduction: There have been reports on the effects of epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) against Streptococcus mutans viability and acidogenesis. However, the effects of EGCG on the virulence of S. mutans biofilm development have yet to be fully investigated using validated cariogenic biofilm models.

Episymbiotic Saccharibacteria TM7x modulates the susceptibility of its host bacteria to phage infection and promotes their coexistence.

Bacteriophages (phages) play critical roles in modulating microbial ecology. Within the human microbiome, the factors influencing the long-term coexistence of phages and bacteria remain poorly investigated. Saccharibacteria (formerly TM7) are ubiquitous members of the human oral microbiome.

Unravelling the Oral-Gut Axis: Interconnection Between Periodontitis and Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Current Challenges, and Future Perspective.

As the opposite ends of the orodigestive tract, the oral cavity and the intestine share anatomical, microbial, and immunological ties that have bidirectional health implications. A growing body of evidence suggests an interconnection between oral pathologies and inflammatory bowel disease [IBD], implying a shift from the traditional concept of independent diseases to a complex, reciprocal cycle. This review outlines the evidence supporting an 'oral-gut' axis, marked by a higher prevalence of periodontitis and other oral conditions in IBD patients and vice versa.

Episymbiotic Saccharibacteria induce intracellular lipid droplet production in their host bacteria.

Saccharibacteria (formerly TM7) are a group of widespread and genetically diverse ultrasmall bacteria with highly reduced genomes that belong to Candidate Phyla Radiation, a large monophyletic lineage with poorly understood biology. Nanosynbacter lyticus type strain TM7x is the first Saccharibacteria member isolated from the human oral microbiome. With restrained metabolic capacities, TM7x lives on the surface of, and forms an obligate episymbiotic relationship with its bacterial host, Schaalia odontolytica strain XH001.

The Evolving Microbiome of Dental Caries.

Dental caries is a significant oral and public health problem worldwide, especially in low-income populations. The risk of dental caries increases with frequent intake of dietary carbohydrates, including sugars, leading to increased acidity and disruption of the symbiotic diverse and complex microbial community of health. Excess acid production leads to a dysbiotic shift in the bacterial biofilm composition, demineralization of tooth structure, and cavities.

Ultrasmall epibiont strain TM7x and host bacteria transcriptional activity after initial host parasitism.

Background: Oral Saccharibacteria strain TM7× lives as an ultrasmall epibiont on the surface of its host, strain XH001. Establishing this interaction is a poorly understood multi-step process. The recovery phase marks a shift in the TM7×/host interaction, switching from the early killing phase, with extensive host cell death, to a stable symbiosis phase where the host and epibiont can grow together.

Persistent enrichment of multidrug resistant in oral and nasal communities during long-term starvation.

The human oral and nasal cavities can act as reservoirs for opportunistic pathogens capable of causing acute infection. These microbes asymptomatically colonize the human oral and nasal cavities which facilitates transmission within human populations via the environment, and they routinely possess a clinically-significant antibiotic-resistance genes. Among these opportunistic pathogens, the genus stands out as a notable example, with its members frequently linked to nosocomial infections and multidrug resistance.

Genetic components of involved in its complex prey-predator interaction with .

and represent a well-studied microbial predator-prey pair frequently examined in laboratory settings. While significant progress has been made in comprehending the mechanisms governing predation, various aspects of the response and defensive mechanisms of as prey remain elusive. In this study, the MG1655 large-scale chromosome deletion library was screened, and a mutant designated as ME5012 was identified to possess significantly reduced susceptibility to predation by .