Frequent Hand Hygiene-Induced Skin Symptoms and Alterations in Hand Microbiota: A Neglected Form of Chronic Occupational Exposure Among Health Care Workers.

Background: Frequent hand hygiene is essential for infection control among health care workers (HCWs) but may cause adverse skin effects.

Purpose: To assess the relationships between frequent hand hygiene practices, skin symptoms, and microbiota alterations in HCWs.

Methods: A comprehensive search of 7 databases was conducted to identify articles published between January 2014 and July 2024 in English and Chinese.

CKLF1 disrupts microglial efferocytosis following acute ischemic stroke by binding to phosphatidylserine.

Efferocytosis is crucial for the clearance of apoptotic cells (ACs) following acute ischemic stroke (AIS), however, its mechanism remains unclear. This study reveals that chemokine-like factor 1 (CKLF1) disrupts efferocytosis by promoting AC finding and internalization while impairing AC degradation in microglia. CKLF1 deficiency reduced the proportion of ACs and lowered levels of damage-associated molecular patterns.

VISTA: A Visual Analytics Framework to Enhance Foundation Model-Generated Data Labels.

The advances in multi-modal foundation models (FMs) (e.g., CLIP and LLaVA) have facilitated the auto-labeling of large-scale datasets, enhancing model performance in challenging downstream tasks such as open-vocabulary object detection and segmentation.

Identification of novel proteins associated with intelligence by integrating genome-wide association data and human brain proteomics.

While genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified genetic variants associated with intelligence, their biological mechanisms remain largely unexplored. This study aimed to bridge this gap by integrating intelligence GWAS data with human brain proteomics and transcriptomics. We conducted proteome-wide (PWAS) and transcriptome-wide (TWAS) association studies, along with enrichment and protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analyses.

Decade-long application of preimplantation genetic testing for DMD/BMD: analysis of five clinical strategies and embryo recombination patterns.

This study aimed to find the most effective PGT-M strategy for Duchenne muscular dystrophy/Becker muscular dystrophy (DMD/BMD), and to reduce misdiagnosis caused by embryo recombination in DMD. A retrospective study was performed by analyzing 158 PGT-M cycles for DMD/BMD in Reproductive and Genetic Hospital of CITIC-Xiangya between 2009 and 2023. Patients' backgrounds were collected.

A configurational path study of adolescents' intention to participate in ice and snow sports based on the TPB and NAM frameworks.

The development of ice and snow sports is a crucial aspect of building China into a leading sports nation. Enhancing adolescents' willingness to participate in ice and snow sports reflects the essence of sustainable and high-quality development in this field. Using data from 23 provinces and municipalities in China in 2023, this study adopts an integrated theoretical framework combining the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) and the Norm Activation Model (NAM).

Genetic Study and Prenatal Diagnosis of Inherited Glycosylphosphatidylinositol Disorders due to Novel Variants in Phosphatidylinositol Glycan Genes.

Inherited glycosylphosphatidylinositol deficiency disorders (IGDs) are a group of rare recessive genetic conditions characterised by developmental delays and an early onset epilepsy caused by disruptions in the glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored biosynthetic pathway. In this study, we identified eight variants in phosphatidyl inositol glycan (PIG) genes from four IGDs families through whole-exome sequencing (WES). The variants included one in PIGA, two in PIGW and five in PIGN, with five being novel variants.

Retiming dynamics of harmonically mode-locked laser solitons in a self-driven optomechanical lattice.

Harmonic mode-locking, realized actively or passively, is an effective technique for increasing the repetition rate of ultrafast lasers. It is critically important to understand how a harmonically mode-locked pulse train responds to external perturbations and noise, so as to make sure that it is stable and resistant to noise. Here, in a series of carefully designed experiments, we elucidate the retiming dynamics of laser pulses generated in a soliton fiber laser harmonically mode-locked at GHz frequencies to the acoustic resonance in a photonic crystal fiber (PCF) core.

Endobutton plates demonstrate superior efficacy in treating unstable distal clavicle fractures.

Objective: To compare the effectiveness of clavicular hook plates and Endobutton plates in treating unstable distal clavicle fractures (UDCFs).

Methods: Data from 95 patients with UDCFs (Neer II and V types) were retrospectively analyzed. Among them, 55 cases were treated with clavicular hook plates (control group), and 40 cases with Endobutton plates (research group).

Linear Enhanced 3D Nanofluid Force-Electric Conversion Device.

The inherent trade-off between permeability and selectivity has constrained further improvement of passive linear force-electric conversion performance in nanofluidic pressure sensors. To overcome this limitation, a 3D nanofluidic membrane with high mechanical strength utilizing aramid nanofibers/carbon nanofiber (ANF/CNF) dual crosslinking is developed. Due to the abundant surface functional groups of CNF and the high mechanical strength of ANF, this large-scale integrated 3D nanofluidic membrane exhibits advantages of high flux, high porosity, and short ion transport path, demonstrating superior force-electric response compared to conventional 1D and 2D configurations.

Dihuang Yinzi improves scopolamine-induced learning and memory impairment by regulating plasma exosome-derived BDNF.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Dihuang Drink (DHD), formulated by Liu Hejian during the Yuan Dynasty, is listed as one of the first ancient classical prescriptions by the National Medical Products Administration of China. It is commonly used for the prevention and treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD). This study further investigates the therapeutic effects and potential mechanisms of DHD in AD.

Understanding low-threshold mode-locking at multi-GHz repetition rate.

Continuous-wave mode-locking at multi-GHz repetition rates is achieved in an ultrashort laser cavity at critical pulse energies 100 times lower than predicted by conventional theory. The authors reveal that dynamic gain depletion and recovery between consecutive round-trips is the key factor behind a low-pulse-energy transition from Q-switched mode-locking (QSML) to continuous-wave mode-locking (CWML). As well as providing new insight into gain dynamics, the results suggest a practical route to low-threshold lasing at very high-repetition rates.

Clinical Effectiveness of a 3-Step Versus a 6-Step Hand Hygiene Technique: A Randomized Controlled Cross-over Study.

Background: The aim of this study is to assess the clinical effectiveness of the 3-step hand hygiene (HH) technique (3-HT) compared with the 6-step HH technique (6-HT; World Health Organization 6-step technique) using an alcohol-based hand rub.

Methods: A randomized controlled crossover trial was conducted from November to December 2023 in 10 wards of a tertiary A-level hospital according to CONSORT guidelines. The 240 healthcare workers (HCWs) were randomly divided into the 3-HT intervention group or the 6-HT control group.

Associations of sugar-sweetened beverage consumption and screen time with physical fitness index: a multicentre cross-sectional study among Chinese adolescents.

Background: Past research has focused on the analysis of the association between sugar-sweetened beverages consumption and screen time, respectively, and an indicator of physical fitness in adolescents. However, no studies have analyzed the interaction between sugar-sweetened beverage consumption and screen time on physical fitness index.

Methods: Demographic information, lifestyle, sugar-sweetened beverage consumption and screen time were investigated and physical fitness indicators were tested in 8136 adolescents aged 13-18 years from six geographic regions of China using stage-stratified whole population sampling.

Electronic monitoring versus manual paper-based monitoring for hand hygiene compliance: a comprehensive health economic assessment analysis.

Background: Monitoring hand hygiene compliance (HHC) of healthcare providers (HCPs) in healthcare facilities is critical for hand hygiene (HH) promotion. However, less is known about the cost and effectiveness of different HHC monitoring tools. In this study, we aimed to compare various health economic indicators corresponding to electronic system-based monitoring (ESM) and manual paper-based monitoring (MPM) for HHC to provide evidence-based advice for HHC monitoring measures targeted selecting.

Melatonin alleviates high glucose-induced cardiomyocyte injury through suppressing mitochondrial FUNDC1-DRP1 axis.

Objectives: To use H9c2 cardiomyocytes to establish a diabetic cardiomyopathic model by exposing these cells to high glucose (HG), followed by treating them with melatonin (MEL) or plasmid vectors overexpressing FUN14 Domain Containing 1 (FUNDC1).

Methods: We employed quantitative real-time PCR, mitochondrial staining, and biochemical assays to measure the activity of various antioxidant and mitochondrial complex functions under various treatment conditions.

Key Findings: Our results showed that HG induced the expression of FUNDC1 and increased mitochondrial oxidative stress and fragmentation, while MEL treatment reversed most of these pathological effects.

Enrichment of antioxidant peptide from rice protein hydrolysates via rice husk derived biochar.

In this study, rice husk biochar was engineered with abundant iron ion sites to enhance the enrichment of antioxidant peptides from rice protein hydrolysates through metal-chelating interactions. The π-π interactions and metal ion chelation were identified as the primary mechanisms for the enrichment process. Through peptide sequencing, four peptides were identified: LKFL (P1: Leu-Lys-Phe-Leu), QLLF (P2: Gln-Leu-Leu-Phe), WLAYG (P3: Trp-Leu-Ala-Tyr-Gly), and HFCGG (P4: His-Phe-Cys-Gly-Gly).

Ginsenoside Rg1 ameliorates stress-exacerbated Parkinson's disease in mice by eliminating RTP801 and α-synuclein autophagic degradation obstacle.

Emerging evidence shows that psychological stress promotes the progression of Parkinson's disease (PD) and the onset of dyskinesia in non-PD individuals, highlighting a potential avenue for therapeutic intervention. We previously reported that chronic restraint-induced psychological stress precipitated the onset of parkinsonism in 10-month-old transgenic mice expressing mutant human α-synuclein (αSyn) (hαSyn A53T). We refer to these as chronic stress-genetic susceptibility (CSGS) PD model mice.

Potential transition of depression of older adults affected by socioeconomic status show different styles: A longitudinal study of Chinese older adults.

Socioeconomic status' (SES) impact on depressive symptoms has been extensively examined; however, previous studies have generally used variable-centered approaches and cross-sectional designs. Therefore, this study explored the subtypes of depression and examined the degree of association between SES and latent transition probabilities. We used latent profile and latent transition analyses with the 2015 and 2018 waves of data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (N = 4904).