Strong Vertical Piezoelectricity and Broad-pH-Value Photocatalyst in Ferroelastic YSeBrF Monolayer.

With the development of miniaturized devices, there is an increasing demand for 2D multifunctional materials. Six ferroelastic semiconductors, YSe (, = I, Br, Cl, or F; ≠ ) monolayers, are theoretically predicted here. Their in-plane anisotropic band structure, elastic and piezoelectric properties can be switched by ferroelastic strain.

[Gender differences in antidepressant effect of raw Rehmanniae Radix].

For the first time, this study evaluated the gender differences and mechanisms of the antidepressant effects of raw Rehmanniae Radix(RRR) based on the classic depression model with traditional Chinese medicine syndrome of Yin deficiency and internal heat. The depression model with Yin deficiency and internal heat was established by the widely recognized and applied method of thyroxine induction of the classic depression model with Yin deficiency and internal heat(chronic unpredictable mild stress). Male and female mice were simultaneously treated with RRR.

Manifestations and Outcomes of Intracerebral Hemorrhage During the COVID-19 Pandemic in China: Multicenter, Longitudinal Cohort Study.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has inevitably affected the distribution of medical resources, and epidemic lockdowns have had a significant impact on the nursing and treatment of patients with other acute diseases, including intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH).

Objective: This study aimed to investigate how the COVID-19 pandemic affected the manifestations and outcomes of patients with ICH.

Methods: Patients with acute ICH before (December 1, 2018-November 30, 2019) and during (December 1, 2019-November 30, 2020) the COVID-19 pandemic at 31 centers in China from the Chinese Cerebral Hemorrhage: Mechanism and Intervention (CHEERY) study were entered into the analysis.

Magnetic and Ferroelectric Manipulation of Valley Physics in Janus Piezoelectric Materials.

The realization of multiferroic materials offers the possibility of multifunctional electronic device design. However, the coupling between the multiferroicity and piezoelectricity in Janus materials is rarely reported. In this study, we propose a mechanism for manipulating valley physics by magnetization reversing and ferroelectric switching in multiferroic and piezoelectric material.

Switch effect on controlled water splitting by biaxial strain regulating the promising two-dimensional Janus XPAs (X = Si, Ge and Sn) photocatalyst.

Two-dimensional photocatalytic materials with unique properties have been well-reported in recent decades. However, strategies for controlling the photocatalytic process are still ongoing. Herein, Janus XPAs (X = Si, Ge and Sn) monolayers have been explored by first-principles calculations to meet this challenge.

Active Asymmetric Electron-Transfer Effect on the Enhanced Piezoelectricity in MoTO (T = S, Se, or Te) Monolayers and Bilayers.

Development of piezoelectric materials is limited partly due to the incompleteness of internal mechanism and the lack of vertical piezoelectricity. Herein, we theoretically identify the stable MoTO (T = S, Se, or Te) monolayers and bilayers. When two elements are given but another element can be changed, the larger the electronegativity difference ratio is, the stronger the piezoelectricity will be.

Cell Heterogeneity Uncovered by Single-Cell RNA Sequencing Offers Potential Therapeutic Targets for Ischemic Stroke.

Ischemic stroke is a detrimental neurological disease characterized by an irreversible infarct core surrounded by an ischemic penumbra, a salvageable region of brain tissue. Unique roles of distinct brain cell subpopulations within the neurovascular unit and peripheral immune cells during ischemic stroke remain elusive due to the heterogeneity of cells in the brain. Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) allows for an unbiased determination of cellular heterogeneity at high-resolution and identification of cell markers, thereby unveiling the principal brain clusters within the cell-type-specific gene expression patterns as well as cell-specific subclusters and their functions in different pathways underlying ischemic stroke.

Efficient direct conversion of methane into methanol on CuZn hetero-diatomic catalysts with certain coordination spheres: a DFT study.

The oxidation of methane to a high-value-added chemical, methanol, is a major challenge in catalysis, requiring high energy input to overcome the CH-H bond activation energy barrier. Based on density functional theory (DFT) calculations, methane oxidation to methanol is catalyzed by hetero-diatomic catalysts (CuZn-NG) with different coordination spheres (CSs). Valence band maximum (VBM), atomic charge and d-band center are selected as analysis methods for the pathway selection and activity of catalysis.

The G098 Strain Mitigates Symptoms of DSS-Induced Inflammatory Bowel Disease in Mice.

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a recurring inflammatory disease of the gastrointestinal tract with unclear etiology, but it is thought to be related to factors like immune abnormalities and gut microbial dysbiosis. Probiotics can regulate host immunity and gut microbiota; thus, we investigated the alleviation effect and mechanism of the strain Lactobacillus gasseri G098 (G098) on dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis in mice. Three groups of mice (n = 8 per group) were included: normal control (NC), DSS-induced colitis mice (DSS), and colitis mice given strain (G098).

Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Celastrol Derivatives with Improved Cytotoxic Selectivity and Antitumor Activities.

Cdc37 associates kinase clients to Hsp90 and promotes the development of cancers. Celastrol, a natural friedelane triterpenoid, can disrupt the Hsp90-Cdc37 interaction to provide antitumor effects. In this study, 31 new celastrol derivatives, -, -, and -, were designed and synthesized, and their Hsp90-Cdc37 disruption activities and antiproliferative activities against cancer cells were evaluated.

Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Celastrol Derivatives as Potential Immunosuppressive Agents.

Celastrol, a friedelane-type triterpenoid isolated from the genus , possesses antitumor, anti-inflammatory, and immunosuppressive activities. A total of 42 celastrol derivatives (-, -, and -) were synthesized and evaluated for their immunosuppressive activities. Compounds - showed immunosuppressive effects, with IC values ranging from 25 to 83 nM, and weak cytotoxicity (CC > 1 μM).

Cannabinoid receptor 2 activation alleviates septic lung injury by promoting autophagy via inhibition of inflammatory mediator release.

Septic lung injury is one of main causes of high mortality in severe patients. Inhibition of excessive inflammatory response is considered as an effective strategy for septic lung injury. Previous studies have shown that cannabinoid receptor 2 (CB2), a G protein-coupled receptor, play an important role in immunosuppression.

Inhibition of Sema4D/PlexinB1 signaling alleviates vascular dysfunction in diabetic retinopathy.

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a common complication of diabetes and leads to blindness. Anti-VEGF is a primary treatment for DR. Its therapeutic effect is limited in non- or poor responders despite frequent injections.

Pyruvate Protects Against Intestinal Injury by Inhibiting the JAK/STAT Signaling Pathway in Rats With Hemorrhagic Shock.

Background: This study aimed to investigate the role of Janus kinase/signal transducers and activators of transcription (JAK/STAT) signaling pathway in protection by peritoneal resuscitation (PR) using pyruvate-peritoneal dialysis solution (PY-PDS) against intestinal injury from hemorrhagic shock (HS) in rats.

Materials And Methods: Sixty-four rats were assigned to eight groups: group SHAM; group intravenous resuscitation (VR); groups NS, LA, and PY in which the rats were subjected to HS and PR with normal saline (NS), lactate-peritoneal dialysis solution (LA-PDS), and PY-PDS, respectively, combined with VR; and groups DMSO, RPM, and AG490 in which the rats were subjected to HS and VR with pretreatment of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), rapamycin (RPM), and tyrphostin B42 (AG490).

Results: At 2 h after HS and resuscitation, the levels of diamine oxidase, 15-F-isoprostane, thromboxane B, and endothelin-1, in the blood and the intestinal mucosal apoptotic index and caspase-3 were lower in groups PY, RPM, and AG490 than in groups VR, NS, LA, and DMSO.

Roles of M receptor in the effect of penehyclidine hydrochloride upregulated beta-arrestin-1 expression in LPS-stimulated HPMVEC.

This study is to investigate the roles of muscarinic receptor 3 (M receptor) in the effect of penehyclidine hydrochloride (PHC) upregulated beta-arrestin-1 expression in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated human pulmonary microvascular endothelial cell (HPMVEC). HPMVECs were transfected with a shRNA-containing plasmid that specifically targets M receptor mRNA. Cells were collected to measure F-actin contents, levels of intercellular cell adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM-1), as well as changes of F-actin cytoskeleton arrangement by Laser scanning confocal.

Microglia-derived TNF-α mediates endothelial necroptosis aggravating blood brain-barrier disruption after ischemic stroke.

Endothelium (EC) is a key component of blood-brain barrier (BBB), and has an important position in the neurovascular unit. Its dysfunction and death after cerebral ischemic/reperfusion (I/R) injury not only promote evolution of neuroinflammation and brain edema, but also increase the risk of intracerebral hemorrhage of thrombolytic therapies. However, the mechanism and specific interventions of EC death after I/R injury are poorly understood.

Sema3E/PlexinD1 signaling inhibits postischemic angiogenesis by regulating endothelial DLL4 and filopodia formation in a rat model of ischemic stroke.

Angiogenesis is a crucial defense response to hypoxia that regulates the process of raising the promise of long-term neurologic recovery during the management of stroke. A high expression of antiangiogenic factors leads to the loss of neovascularization capacity in pathologic conditions. We have previously documented an impairment of the cerebral vessel perfusion and neovascularization in the cortex neighboring the stroke-induced lesion, which was accompanied by an activation of semaphorin 3E (Sema3E)/PlexinD1 after ischemic stroke.

Semaphorin-3A protects against neointimal hyperplasia after vascular injury.

Background: Neointimal hyperplasia is a prominent pathological event during in-stent restenosis. Phenotype switching of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) from a differentiated/contractile to a dedifferentiated/synthetic phenotype, accompanied by migration and proliferation of VSMCs play an important role in neointimal hyperplasia. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying phenotype switching of VSMCs have yet to be fully understood.

Atropisomeric meroterpenoids with rare triketone-phloroglucinol-terpene hybrids from Baeckea frutescens.

Baefrutones A-F (1-6), six new meroterpenoids with rare triketone-phloroglucinol-monoterpene/sesquiterpene frameworks, together with their biosynthetically related intermediate (±)-baeckenon B (7), were isolated from the aerial part of Baeckea frutescens under the guidance of HPLC-Q/TOF-MS2 investigation. Compounds 1-4 represent the first examples of natural meroterpenoids existing as four pairs of inseparable diastereomeric atropisomers (2 : 1, 1H NMR integration) caused by the restricted rotation around the C-6-C-7-C-1' bonds arising from the intramolecular hydrogen bond between C-1 carbonyl and 2'-OH. The discovery of these architectures not only largely enriched the chemodiversity of the meroterpenoid and atropisomer library, but also might be exciting and challenging for asymmetric organic synthesis.

Acute stroke patients' knowledge of stroke at discharge in China: a cross-sectional study.

Objectives: A good mastery of stroke-related knowledge can be of great benefit in developing healthy behaviours. This study surveyed the knowledge about stroke and influencing factors among patients with acute ischaemic stroke (AIS) at discharge in a Chinese province.

Methods: A cross-section study was conducted from November 1, 2014 to January 31, 2015.

Sema3E/PlexinD1 inhibition is a therapeutic strategy for improving cerebral perfusion and restoring functional loss after stroke in aged rats.

Brain tissue survival and functional recovery after ischemic stroke greatly depend on cerebral vessel perfusion and functional collateral circulation in the ischemic area. Semaphorin 3E (Sema3E), one of the class 3 secreted semaphorins, has been demonstrated to be a critical regulator in embryonic and postnatal vascular formation via binding to its receptor PlexinD1. However, whether Sema3E/PlexinD1 signaling is involved in poststroke neovascularization remains unknown.

Sema4D/PlexinB1 inhibition ameliorates blood-brain barrier damage and improves outcome after stroke in rats.

The inflammatory process in stroke is the major contributor to blood-brain barrier (BBB) breakdown. Previous studies indicated that semaphorin 4D (Sema4D), an axon guidance molecule, initiated inflammatory microglial activation and disrupted endothelial function in the CNS. However, whether Sema4D disrupts BBB integrity after stroke remains unclear.

Alleviative effects of fluoxetine on depressive-like behaviors by epigenetic regulation of BDNF gene transcription in mouse model of post-stroke depression.

Fluoxetine, one of the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) antidepressants, has been thought to be effective for treating post-stroke depression (PSD). Recent work has shown that fluoxetine may exert an antidepressive effect through increasing the level of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), but the underlying mechanism still remains unclear. In the present study, we successfully established the PSD model using male C57BL/6 J mice by photothrombosis of the left anterior cortex combined with isolatied-housing conditions.

MicroRNA-130a regulates cerebral ischemia-induced blood-brain barrier permeability by targeting Homeobox A5.

Blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption plays a critical role in brain injury induced by cerebral ischemia, and preserving BBB integrity during ischemia could alleviate cerebral injury. We examined the role of miR-130a in ischemic BBB disruption by using models of rat middle cerebral artery occlusion and cell oxygen-glucose deprivation. We found that ischemia significantly increased microRNA-130a (miR-130a) level and that miR-130a was predominantly from brain microvascular endothelial cells.