Immune, inflammatory, autophagic and DNA damage responses to long-term HO exposure in different tissues of common carp (Cyprinus carpio).

Hydrogen peroxide (HO) is a stable reactive oxygen species (ROS) in aquatic environment, and high concentration of ambient HO may directly or indirectly affect aquatic animal health. However, the response mechanism of fish to ambient HO has not been well studied yet. Therefore, the aim of the study was to investigate the immune, inflammatory, autophagic and DNA damage responses to long-term HO exposure in different tissues of common carp.

Enhanced stability and efficacy of GEM-TOS prodrug by co-assembly with antimetastatic shell LMWH-TOS.

Chemotherapy agents have been widely used for cancer treatment, while the insolubility, instability and toxicity seriously restrict their efficacy. Thus, prodrug strategy was devised. Since some prodrugs are still with poor solubility or stability, a synergy strategy is needed to enhance their efficacy.

Trifolium Flavonoids Overcome Gefitinib Resistance of Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer Cell by Suppressing ERK and STAT3 Signaling Pathways.

Gefitinib is a tyrosine kinase inhibitor of EGFR (epidermal growth factor receptor) and represents the first-line treatment for EGFR mutation patients with NSCLC (non-small-cell lung cancer) therapeutics. However, NSCLC patients are inclined to develop acquired gefitinib drug resistance through nowadays, unarticulated mechanisms of chemoresistance. Here, we investigated the role of TF (Trifolium flavonoids) on sensitizing gefitinib resistance in NSCLC cells and revealed its potential mechanism of action.

Improved Herbicide Resistance of 4-Hydroxyphenylpyruvate Dioxygenase from sp. TPM-19 through Directed Evolution.

4-Hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase (HPPD) has attracted extensive interest as a promising target for the genetic engineering of herbicide-resistant crops. However, naturally occurring HPPDs are generally very sensitive to HPPD inhibitors. In this study, random mutagenesis was performed to increase the HPPD inhibitors' resistance of sp.

Chronic exposure of hydrogen peroxide alters redox state, apoptosis and endoplasmic reticulum stress in common carp (Cyprinus carpio).

Hydrogen peroxide (HO) appears to be ubiquitous in natural water. Higher level of HO can cause physiological stress, immunosuppression and even death in aquatic animals, but the physiological and molecular mechanisms of HO toxicity are not well studied. Thus, the aim of the present study was to exposure potential toxic mechanisms of HO via assessing the effects on redox state, apoptosis and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in common carp.

SIX4 promotes hepatocellular carcinoma metastasis through upregulating YAP1 and c-MET.

Metastasis is the main reason for high mortality in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients and the molecular mechanism remains unclear. Therefore, it is important to elucidate the mechanism underlying HCC metastasis. Here, we report a novel role of SIX homeobox 4 (SIX4), one of the SIX gene family, in promoting HCC metastasis.

De novo production of resveratrol from glycerol by engineering different metabolic pathways in .

Resveratrol is a polyphenol with multiple applications in pharma, cosmetics and food. The aim of this study was to construct strains able to produce resveratrol. For this purpose, resveratrol-biosynthesis genes from bacteria and plants were expressed in this host.

High-level stable expression of gene for preparation of chlorothalonil hydrolytic dehalogenase and its application in elimination of chlorothalonil inhibition on bioconversion of lignocellulosic biomass.

To achieve the high-level stable expression of chlorothalonil hydrolytic dehalogenase (Chd), the gene chd was first integrated into the chromosome of Bacillus subtilis WB800. High generation stability was achieved by almost no gene lost after six generations but Chd activity decreased. aprE promoter alteration, translation initiation region modification and multi-copy chromosome integration were studied and these modifications could increase Chd activity by 270%, 2304% and 25%.

Realizing Mechanically Robust and Electrically Conductive Wood via Vacuum Pressure Impregnation.

Wood is highly regarded as the most sustainable resource that is widely used in structural applications. To extend its practicality in electrically conductive applications, it is necessary to confer electrical conductivity to the insulating wood. The most common strategy is to derive carbonized wood powder via an annealing process.

β-Adrenoceptor regulates contraction and inflammatory cytokine expression of human bladder smooth muscle cells via autophagy under pathological hydrostatic pressure.

Aims: Abnormal intravesical pressure created by partial bladder outlet obstruction (PBOO) triggered the progression from chronic inflammation to fibrosis, initiating structural and functional alterations of bladder. To elucidate the underlying mechanisms of contraction and inflammatory response, we investigated the isolated human bladder smooth muscle cells (hBSMC) under pathological hydrostatic pressure (HP) mimicking the in vivo PBOO condition.

Methods: hBSMCs were subjected to HP of 200 cm H O to explore the contraction and inflammatory cytokine expression of hBSMC treated with β-adrenoceptors (ADRBs) and/or autophagy signaling pathway agonists and/or antagonists.

Global analysis of CCT family knockout mutants identifies four genes involved in regulating heading date in rice.

Many genes encoding CCT domain-containing proteins regulate flowering time. In rice (Oryza sativa), 41 such genes have been identified, but only a few have been shown to regulate heading date. Here, to test whether and how additional CCT family genes regulate heading date in rice, we classified these genes into five groups based on their diurnal expression patterns.

Increased MSX level improves biological productivity and production stability in multiple recombinant GS CHO cell lines.

Increasing cell culture productivity of recombinant proteins via process improvements is the primary focus for research groups within biologics manufacturing. Any recommendations to improve a manufacturing process obviously must be effective, but also be robust, scalable, and with product quality comparable to the original process. In this study, we report that three different GS CHO cell lines developed in media containing a standard concentration of the selection agent methionine sulfoximine (MSX), but then exposed to increased MSX concentrations during seed train expansion, achieved titer increases of 10-19%.

Effects of chronic glyphosate exposure on antioxdative status, metabolism and immune response in tilapia (GIFT, Oreochromis niloticus).

Glyphosate (Gly) is an active ingredient of herbicide, its underlying toxicity on fish is still unclear. The aim of this study was to evaluate chronic toxicity of Gly on tilapia via determining antioxidative status, metabolism, inflammation and immune response. The fish were exposed to different concentrations of Gly (0, 0.

Transcriptomic Changes Resulting From Overexpression Identify Pathways Potentially Relevant to Essential Tremor.

Essential tremor (ET) is a common movement disorder that has a high heritability. A number of genetic studies have associated different genes and loci with ET, but few have investigated the biology of any of these genes. was significantly associated with ET in a large genome-wide association study (GWAS) and was found to be overexpressed in ET cerebellar tissue.

Increased AHR Transcripts Correlate With Pro-inflammatory T-Helper Lymphocytes Polarization in Both Metabolically Healthy Obesity and Type 2 Diabetic Patients.

Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) is a ligand-activated transcription factor whose transcription activity is regulated by small compounds provided by diet, xenobiotics, and metabolism. It has been proven to be involved in energy homeostasis and inflammation in most recent years. Epidemiologically, exposure to xenobiotic AHR ligands contributes to obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2D).

Roles of the Gentisate 1,2-Dioxygenases DsmD and GtdA in the Catabolism of the Herbicide Dicamba in Ndbn-20.

3-Chlorogentisate is a key intermediate in the catabolism of the herbicide dicamba in . Ndbn-20. In this study, we identified two gentisate 1,2-dioxygenases (GDOs), DsmD and GtdA, from Ndbn-20.

Effect of pesticide residues on simulated beer brewing and its inhibition elimination by pesticide-degrading enzyme.

Four different pesticide residues used in barley planting were selected to investigate their effects on simulated beer brewing. The influences were found to be different by varied agricultural chemicals. Among the four types of pesticides, at 25 μg/mL, triadimefon or carbendazim barely affected the brewing progress.

Stress, Cortisol and NR3C1 in At-Risk Individuals for Psychosis: A Mendelian Randomization Study.

Introduction: The emergence of psychosis in at-risk individuals results from interactions between genetic vulnerability and environmental factors, possibly involving dysregulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis. Hypercorticism was indeed described in schizophrenia and ultra-high-risk states, but its association with clinical outcome has yet to be demonstrated. The impact of stress through cortisol may vary depending on the expression level of genes related to the stress pathway.

The Ubiquitin E3 Ligase PUB17 Positively Regulates Immunity by Targeting a Negative Regulator, KH17, for Degradation.

Ubiquitination is a post-translational modification that regulates many processes in plants. Several ubiquitin E3 ligases act as either positive or negative regulators of immunity by promoting the degradation of different substrates. StPUB17 is an E3 ligase that has previously been shown to positively regulate immunity to bacteria, fungi and oomycetes, including the late blight pathogen .

Comparative transcriptome reveals distinct starch-sugar interconversion patterns in potato genotypes contrasting for cold-induced sweetening capacity.

Potato accumulates large amounts of soluble sugar during cold storage periods. However, a system based understanding of this process is still largely unknown. Here, we compared the dynamic cold-responded transcriptome of genotypes between cold-induced sweetening resistant (CIS-R) and cold-induced sweetening sensitive (CIS-S) in tubers.

Functional Connectivity Abnormalities of Brain Regions With Structural Deficits in Primary Insomnia Patients.

Objectives: The present study examined the abnormal resting state functional connections (RSFCs) in structural deficit brain regions of primary insomnia (PI) patients.

Methods: Thirty-three PI patients and 38 well-matched healthy controls participated in our study. We used voxel-based morphometry and RSFC to study functional connectivity abnormalities of brain regions with structural deficits in PI patients.

Recent developments in regenerative ophthalmology.

Regenerative medicine (RM) is one of the most promising disciplines for advancements in modern medicine, and regenerative ophthalmology (RO) is one of the most active fields of regenerative medicine. This review aims to provide an overview of regenerative ophthalmology, including the range of tools and materials being used, and to describe its application in ophthalmologic subspecialties, with the exception of surgical implantation of artificial tissues or organs (e.g.

Clinical Features of Patients Infected With Coronavirus Disease 2019 With Elevated Liver Biochemistries: A Multicenter, Retrospective Study.

Background And Aims: In December 2019, an outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) emerged in Wuhan, China. Although it has been reported that some patients with COVID-19 showed elevated liver biochemistries, there are few studies regarding the clinical features and prognosis of these patients.

Approach And Results: In this multicenter, retrospective study, we collected data on laboratory-confirmed patients with COVID-19 from three hospitals in Wuhan, China, who died or were discharged between February 1, 2020, and February 20, 2020.

On-Demand Autophagy Cascade Amplification Nanoparticles Precisely Enhanced Oxaliplatin-Induced Cancer Immunotherapy.

Chemoimmunotherapy-induced antitumor immune response is highly dependent on tumor autophagy. When tumor cells are treated with chemoimmunotherapy, timely overactivated autophagy can not only lead more tumor cells to death, but also participate in the endogenous antigen presentation and immune stimulators secretion of dying cells, thus plays a vital role. However, timely and accurately overactivated tumor autophagy during chemoimmunotherapy is of great difficulty.

Effects of high-fat diet on antioxidative status, apoptosis and inflammation in liver of tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) via Nrf2, TLRs and JNK pathways.

Fatty liver injury (or disease) is a common disease in farmed fish, but its pathogenic mechanism is not fully understood. Therefore the present study aims to investigate high-fat diet (HFD)-induced liver injury and explore the underlying mechanism in fish. The tilapia were fed on control diet and HFD for 90 days, and then the blood and liver tissues were collected to determine biochemical parameter, gene expression and protein level.