S6P mutation in Delta and Omicron variant spike protein significantly enhances the efficacy of mRNA COVID-19 vaccines.

Background: The unrelenting emergence of SARS-CoV-2 variants has significantly challenged the efficacy of existing COVID-19 vaccines. Enhancing the stability and immunogenicity of the spike protein is critical for improving vaccine performance and addressing variant-driven immune evasion.

Methods: We developed an mRNA-based vaccine, RV-1730, encoding the Delta variant spike protein with the S6P mutation to enhance stability and immunogenicity.

Abnormal dynamic functional networks during pain-free periods: Resting-state co-activation pattern analysis in primary dysmenorrhea: Abnormal dynamic functional networks in primary dysmenorrhea.

Chronic pain alters the configuration of brain functional networks. Primary dysmenorrhea (PDM) is a form of chronic visceral pain, which has been identified spatial alterations in brain functional networks using static functional connectivity analysis methods. However, the dynamics alterations of brain functional networks during pain-free periovulation phase remain unclear.

Delivery of mRNA with Histidine-Lysine Peptides.

Transfection with mRNA has been considered superior to that with plasmids since the mRNA can be translated to a protein in the cytosol without entering the nucleus. One disadvantage of using mRNA is its susceptibility to enzymatic biodegradability, and consequently, significant research has occurred to determine nonviral carriers that will sufficiently stabilize this nucleic acid for cellular transport. Histidine-lysine peptides (HK) are one such class of mRNA carriers, which we think serves as a model for other peptides and polymeric carrier systems.

Association of major depression, schizophrenia and bipolar disorder with thyroid cancer: a bidirectional two-sample mendelian randomized study.

Background: Major depressive disease (MDD), schizophrenia (SCZ), and bipolar disorder (BD) are common psychiatric disorders, and their relationship with thyroid cancer has been of great interest. This study aimed to investigate the potential causal effects of MDD, SCZ, BD, and thyroid cancer.

Methods: We used publicly available summary statistics from large-scale genome-wide association studies to select genetic variant loci associated with MDD, SCZ, BD, and thyroid cancer as instrumental variables (IVs), which were quality controlled and clustered.

The effect of micronutrient on thyroid cancer risk: a Mendelian randomization study.

Background: The effect of micronutrients on thyroid cancer has been studied in observational studies, however, the cause of relationships has not yet been determined. Thyroid cancer was the subject of a Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis of micronutrients. Aimed to determine whether micronutrient intake has a causal impact on the chance of developing thyroid cancer.

Application of carbon nanoparticles in endoscopic thyroid cancer surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: There has been a substantial increase in incidence of thyroid cancer globally over the past three decades, emphasizing the necessity for efficient surgical management. Surgical intervention requires meticulous lymphatic dissection; however, it is challenging to both accurately identify lymph nodes and preserve the surrounding structures. We investigated the role of carbon nanoparticles in endoscopic thyroid cancer surgery to improve surgical effects and reduce postoperative complications.

Incidence and influencing factors of fertility concerns in breast cancer in young women: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the prevalence and influencing factors of fertility concerns in breast cancer in young women.

Methods: A literature search on PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library databases was conducted up to February 2023 and was analyzed (Revman 5.4 software) in this study.

Utilization of intraoperative indocyanine green fluorescence imaging to identify vascular anatomy in severe pleural adhesions in uniportal video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery: a case report.

Background: Extensive and dense pleural adhesion is a serious challenge in video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS), in which identification of vessels and their anatomical spaces is difficult. Once critical vessel is damaged while dissecting adhesion in VATS, leading to fatal hemorrhage, the surgeon will have to switch to thoracotomy. This is the first report of a case in which intraoperative indocyanine green (ICG) fluorescence imaging was used to identify critical vessels in severe pleural adhesions in uniportal VATS.

Cigarette smoking and thyroid cancer risk: A Mendelian randomization study.

Background: The association between cigarette smoking and thyroid cancer has been reported in prospective cohort studies, but the relationship remains controversial. To investigate this potential correlation further, we employed Mendelian randomization methodology to evaluate the causative impact of smoking on thyroid cancer incidence.

Methods: From the genome-wide association study and Sequencing Consortium of Alcohol and Nicotine use, we obtained genetic variants associated with smoking initiation and cigarettes per day (1.

BDN-DDI: A bilinear dual-view representation learning framework for drug-drug interaction prediction.

Drug-drug interactions (DDIs) refer to the potential effects of two or more drugs interacting with each other when used simultaneously, which may lead to adverse reactions or reduced drug efficacy. Accurate prediction of DDIs is a significant concern in recent years. Currently, the drug chemical substructure-based learning method has substantially improved DDIs prediction.

Impacts of additional cycles of neoadjuvant immunotherapy on surgery in non-small-cell lung cancer.

Objective: Whether cycle number influences the subsequent pathological or surgical outcomes remained unclear. This study aimed to assess the efficacy and surgical safety of neoadjuvant immunochemotherapy-based treatment in the real-world setting.

Methods: Clinical data of patients who received neoadjuvant immunochemotherapy for non-small-cell lung cancer between 2018 and 2021 were collected.

Global trends in the burden of esophageal cancer, 1990-2019: results from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019.

Background: Esophageal cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer death worldwide. A deeper understanding of the trends in annual incidence, mortality, and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) of esophageal cancer is critical for management and prevention. In this study, we report on the disease burden of esophageal cancer in 204 countries and territories between 1990 and 2019 by age, sex, and sociodemographic index (SDI).

pH-Sensitive Targeting of Tumors with Chemotherapy-Laden Nanoparticles: Progress and Challenges.

Accumulating chemotherapeutic drugs such as doxorubicin within a tumor while limiting the drug dose to normal tissues is a central goal of drug delivery with nanoparticles. Liposomal products such as Doxil represent one of the marked successes of nanoparticle-based strategies. To replicate this success for cancer treatment, many approaches with nanoparticles are being explored in order to direct and release chemotherapeutic agents to achieve higher accumulation in tumors.

Impact of the interval between neoadjuvant immunochemotherapy and surgery on surgical-pathological outcomes in non-small cell lung cancer.

Introduction: The interval between neoadjuvant immunochemotherapy and surgery in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has not been well characterized. This study investigated the association between the time-to-surgery (TTS) interval and surgical-pathological outcomes.

Method: Clinical data of patients who received neoadjuvant immun-ochemotherapy followed by surgery for NSCLC between January 2019 and September 2021 were collected.

The procedure and effectiveness of release maneuvers in tracheobronchial resection and reconstruction.

Background: Surgical resection and reconstruction are effective and radical treatments for tracheal tumors. Tension-free, well-perfused anastomosis plays a crucial role in postoperative prognosis. The use of various release maneuvers may be required to minimize anastomotic tension.

Occurrence and fate of antibiotics and heavy metals in sewage treatment plants and risk assessment of reclaimed water in Chengdu, China.

Aim of this study was to provide an up-to-date assessment of the heavy metals and antibiotics in reclaimed water in Chengdu, China. 3 sewage treatment plants (STPs) and 1 constructed wetland (CW) were first taken as the research objects. The total concentration and reduction change rule of heavy metals and antibiotics in the process of reclaimed water production were investigated.

Resection and reconstruction via median sternotomy incision for tracheal tumors.

Background: The tracheal tumor is a rare disease with low incidence in the upper airway. Surgical resection and reconstruction are effective and radical treatments for such conditions, but the approaches vary depending on the tumor location. The current report tends to illustrate the clinical practice and advantage of the median sternotomy approach for treating tracheal tumors.

Limited airway resection and reconstruction for paediatric tracheobronchial inflammatory myofibroblastic tumour.

Objectives: The paediatric tracheobronchial inflammatory myofibroblastic tumour (IMT) is a rare disease. Whether limited surgical resection is a feasible surgical approach for these patients remains controversial. The objectives of this study were to report the long-term prognosis after limited surgical resections on paediatric tracheobronchial IMT and provide a surgical management strategy for this rare disease.

Electromagnetic Navigation Bronchoscopy Integrated Non-intubated Uniportal VATS in Localization and Resection of Pulmonary Nodules.

Background: With the development of computed tomography, the detection rate of pulmonary nodules is increasing. Accurate localization, minimally invasive resection, and rapid recovery are the most concentrated issues in modern thoracic surgery. However, some traditional procedures, including CT-guided localization and general intubated anesthesia, might prolong the operation and postoperative recovery.

End-to-side anastomosis in complex tracheal resection and reconstruction: a case series study.

Background: The development of current anesthetic and surgical techniques has increased the success rate of complex tracheal resection and reconstruction. End-to-end anastomosis is the prevailing method, while the end-to-side approach has also been reported to be practical and suitable. The current study aimed to demonstrate the feasibility and advantages of the end-to-side anastomosis method in specific cases.

Application of indocyanine green injection guided by electromagnetic navigation bronchoscopy in localization of pulmonary nodules.

Background: Accurate localization of pulmonary nodules becomes a crucial step in diagnosis and treatment. However, the efficacy and accuracy of electromagnetic navigation bronchoscopy (ENB)-guided localization with indocyanine green (ICG) injection for video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) lung resection remain unclear.

Methods: A retrospective study was performed that patients who had small pulmonary nodules and underwent lung resection after ENB-guided localization were included from Oct 2018 to Mar 2021.

Video-assisted Thoracic Surgery for Main Bronchial Rupture After Blunt Chest Trauma in Children.

Main bronchial rupture caused by blunt chest trauma is a rare injury, especially in children. Treatment is traditionally performed through an open thoracotomy, which increases the risk of musculoskeletal deformity in growing children. Video-assisted thoracic surgery has emerged as a feasible minimally invasive approach for main bronchial rupture, with lower perioperative mortality.