APRI and FIB-4 indices as diagnostic noninvasive scores for prediction of severe fibrosis in patients with biliary atresia.

Aim Of The Study: Biliary atresia (BA) is a blockage in the tubes (ducts) that carry bile from the liver to the gallbladder. The aspartate aminotransferase to platelet ratio (APRI), and Fibrosis-4 (FIB-4) scores are commonly used compound surrogates for advanced fibrosis. However, the use of APRI and FIB-4 entails a risk of overestimating the fibrosis stage due to the impact of necroinflammatory activity on transaminases.

Management of pediatric blunt abdominal trauma with split liver or spleen injuries: a retrospective study.

Background: Blunt abdominal trauma is a prevailing cause of pediatric morbidity and mortality. It constitutes the most frequent type of pediatric injuries. Contrast-enhanced sonography (CEUS) and contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CECT) are considered pivotal diagnostic modalities in hemodynamically stable patients.

Successful use of venous graft from native liver with hepatocellular carcinoma during living donor liver transplantation with no impact on recurrence rate: A retrospective cohort study.

Introduction: There are still debates regarding using portal vein (PV) from liver with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) for vascular reconstruction. This study aimed to assess the feasibility and patency of PV venous graft from an explanted liver with HCC for the reconstruction of the hepatic veins tributaries or PV in living donor liver transplantation (LDLT) and to see if it has any risk on recurrence of HCC.

Patient And Methods: We conducted a retrospective study on 81 patients with HCC who underwent LDLT from April 2004 to July 2022.

Insulin resistance induced by de novo pathway-generated C16-ceramide is associated with type 2 diabetes in an obese population.

Background: Obesity and diabetes are two chronic metabolic diseases whose prevalence is increasing at an alarming rate globally. A close association between obesity, diabetes, and insulin resistance has been identified, and many studies have pinpointed obesity as a causal risk factor for insulin resistance. However, the mechanism underlying this association is not entirely understood.

Impact of wearing personal protective equipment on the performance and decision making of surgeons during the COVID-19 pandemic: An observational cross-sectional study.

During the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, the mandatory use of personal protective equipment (PPE) has resulted in a significant reduction in the infection rate among health care workers (HCWs). However, there are some ongoing concerns about the negative impact of using PPE for prolonged periods.This study examined the impact of wearing PPE on surgeons' performance and decision making during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Large for size in pediatrics liver transplant using left lateral segment grafts: A single center experience.

Background: There are still controversies in using the large left lateral segment in pediatrics LT, with the possibility of the problem of LFS grafts, and the use of monosegmental or reduced liver grafts in small infants. This study aimed to evaluate our experience with LFSG in pediatrics LT.

Methods: A cohort retrospective analysis was conducted including pediatric recipients who underwent LT between January 2011 and October 2019.

Outcomes of curative liver resection for hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with cirrhosis.

Background: Given the poor synthetic function of cirrhotic liver, successful resection for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) necessitates the ability to achieve resections with tumor free margins.

Aim: To validate post hepatectomy liver failure score (PHLF), compare it to other established systems and to stratify risks in patients with cirrhosis who underwent curative liver resection for HCC.

Methods: Between December 2010 and January 2017, 120 patients underwent curative resection for HCC in patients with cirrhosis were included, the pre-operative, operative and post-operative factors were recorded to stratify patients' risks of decompensation, survival, and PHLF.

Stress and psychological resilience among general surgery residents during COVID-19 pandemic.

Objectives: To evaluate the impact of coronavirus-19 (COVID-19) pandemic and its consequences on general surgery residents. Methods: Cross-sectional, survey based study including surgical residents in Kingdom of Saudi Arabia and Kingdom of Bahrain.

Results: Surgical trainees who participated in our survey (n=234) were young (mean age 28), single (53.

Alpha-fetoprotein level to total tumor volume as a predictor of hepatocellular carcinoma recurrence after resection. A retrospective cohort study.

Background: Total tumor volume (TTV) and serum alfa fetoprotein (AFP) level are important risk factors linked with the high possibility of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) recurrence. The aim of the study was to evaluate the role of AFP/TTV ratio, as a prognostic marker, in the prediction of HCC recurrence after resection.

Methods: Patients who underwent liver resection for HCC between 2010 and 2018 were retrospectively analyzed.

Total tumor volume as a prognostic value for survival following liver resection in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. Retrospective cohort study.

Background: Total tumor volume (TTV) can provide a simplified parameter in describing the tumor burden by incorporating the size and number of tumor nodules into one continuous variable. The aim of the study was to evaluate the prognostic value of TTV in resection of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

Methods: Patients who underwent liver resection for HCC between 2012 and 2017 were retrospectively analyzed.

Risk factors and management of different types of biliary injuries in blunt abdominal trauma: Single-center retrospective cohort study.

Background: Biliary injuries after blunt abdominal traumas are uncommon and difficult to be predicted for early management. The aim of this study is to analyze the risk factors and management of biliary injuries with blunt abdominal trauma.

Method: Patients with blunt liver trauma in the period between 2009 to May 2019 were included in the study.

Adhesive Small Bowel Obstruction due to Pelvic Inflammatory Disease: A Case Report.

We report a rare case of a 32-year-old woman with adhesive small bowel obstruction due to pelvic inflammatory disease. She had no history of abdominal surgery, gynecological complaints or constitutional symptoms of chronic illness. The diagnosis was based on the laparoscopic findings of small bowel adhesions, free peritoneal fluid, "violin string" adhesions of Fitz-Hugh-Curtis syndrome and left hydrosalpinx.

Laparoscopy as a Primary Investigatory Tool in Pediatric Abdominal Masses.

Background: Management of abdominal masses still pose a major challenge for pediatrician and surgeons with many controversy as regards the best investigatory tools.

Aim Of The Work: This study was designated to evaluate the role of diagnostic laparoscopy in investigating equivocal pediatric masses that had undergone other imaging modalities.

Patients And Methods: A combined prospective and retrospective multicenter study over a period of 12 years from January 2005 to December 2016 was undertaken.

Reliability of sonoelastography in predicting pediatric cervical lymph node malignancy.

Purpose: Controversy exists as regards the best non-invasive diagnostic tool for pediatric cervical lymphadenopathy. The current work aimed to evaluate the reliability, sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of sonoelastography in diagnosing benign and/or malignant pediatric cervical lymphadenopathy.

Methods: Prospective study took place over a period of 4 years from January 2013 to December 2016.

Predictors of Outcome of Living Donor Liver Transplantation for Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

The aim of this work is to study the different factors that affect the outcome of living donor liver transplantation for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Between April 2003 to November 2014, 62 patients with liver cirrhosis and HCC underwent living donor liver transplantation (LDLT) in the National Liver Institute, Menoufia University, Egypt. The preoperative, operative, and postoperative data were analyzed.

Total pancreatectomy: Short- and long-term outcomes at a high-volume pancreas center.

Aim: To identify the current indications and outcomes of total pancreatectomy at a high-volume center.

Methods: A single institutional retrospective study of patients undergoing total pancreatectomy from 1995 to 2014 was performed.

Results: One hundred and three patients underwent total pancreatectomy for indications including: Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma ( = 42, 40.

Initial Surgery in Tailoring Treatment for Children With Stage II and III Wilms' Tumor: An Experience From Resource Challenged Settings.

Background: Although Wilms' tumor (WT) is ranked first among primary childhood's renal neoplasm, controversy still exists regarding the best approach for its management. The study aimed at evaluating the role of initial surgery in treatment of stage II and III pediatric WT as a part of the short administration schedule as in National Wilms' Tumor Study (NWTS)-4 and evaluating its effectiveness compared to the long administration schedule.

Methods: The study included 30 children who were primarily diagnosed as stage II and III WT.

Parasitic infestation in pediatric and adolescent appendicitis: a local experience.

Objective: The relationship between parasites and pediatric appendicitis is a highly debatable issue. This study aims to investigate the role of parasitic infestation in the etiology of acute pediatric appendicitis.

Methods: A retrospective study including 1600 pediatric and adolescent patients who had undergone surgical therapy for a diagnosis of acute appendicitis over a period of ten years from Jan 2001 to Dec 2010.

Examination under anesthesia for management of impalpable undescended testis: a traditional technique revisited.

Background: Many new tools for management of impalpable testes have emerged during the last few years, yet, not many studies have compared them to the traditional ways of managing this problem. This work aims to reiterate the importance of the physical examination under general anesthesia prior to the surgical procedure in order to decide the best surgical approach for patients with impalpable undescended testis, especially in developing countries where expensive investigations are at premium.

Patients And Methods: The study included boys who were treated consecutively and recorded prospectively from 2000 to 2010.

Role of water soluble contrast agents in assigning patients to a non-operative course in adhesive small bowel obstruction.

Objectives: Adhesive small bowel obstruction (SBO) is a common surgical emergency. It is estimated that at least 60% of SBO are due to post-operative adhesions. Water soluble contrast agents (gastrografin) have been used to identify patients who might be treated non-operatively.

Laparoscopic management of malfunctioning peritoneal dialysis catheters.

Objectives: Continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) is an established alternative method to hemodialysis for treating end-stage renal disease patients. Malfunction of the peritoneal catheter is a frequent complication in peritoneal dialysis (PD). Laparoscopy is a minimal invasive technique that allows rescue therapy of malfunctioning catheters and consecutive immediate resumption of PD.

Recurrent laryngeal nerve injury in thyroid surgery.

Objectives: Vocal cord paresis or paralysis due to iatrogenic injury of the recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLNI) is one of the main problems in thyroid surgery. Although many procedures have been introduced to prevent the nerve injury, still the incidence of recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy varies between 1.5-14%.

Bilateral paravertebral block in advanced schistosomal liver disease: a prospective study.

Background: Surgery in patients with schistosomal liver disease is usually associated with high risks of morbidity and mortality. Bilateral paravertebral block (BPVB) has been advocated as a useful technique for ventral abdominal hernias' repairs.

Aim Of The Study: To compare the efficacy of BPVB with general anesthesia (GA) for anterior abdominal wall hernias in advanced schistosomal liver disease patients.