Applying the good publication practice 2022 guidelines in the Asia-Pacific region: a practical guide.

Objective: The Asia-Pacific region (APAC) represents a unique environment for the publication of biomedical research, particularly industry-funded research. Awareness and adoption of international guidelines on ethical publication practices continues to increase across APAC, but the reframing and expansion of many of the recommendations in the Good Publication Practice (GPP) 2022 guidelines versus GPP3 published in 2015 have important implications for publishing industry-funded biomedical research in the region.

Methods: This manuscript provides practical guidance for stakeholders in APAC on interpreting and applying the recommendations made in the GPP 2022 guidelines.

A guide to applying the Good Publication Practice 3 guidelines in the Asia-Pacific region.

Numerous recommendations and guidelines aim to improve the quality, timeliness and transparency of medical publications. However, these guidelines use ambiguous language that can be challenging to interpret, particularly for speakers of English as a second language. Cultural expectations within the Asia-Pacific region raise additional challenges and several studies have suggested that awareness and application of ethical publication practices in the Asia-Pacific region is relatively low compared with other regions.

Patient and Provider Characteristics Associated With Optimal Post-Fracture Osteoporosis Management.

Despite an estimated 2 million osteoporosis (OP)-related fractures annually, quality of care for post-fracture OP management remains low. This study aimed to identify patient and provider characteristics associated with achieving or not achieving optimal post-fracture OP management, as defined by the current HEDIS quality measure. The study included women 67 to 85 years of age, with ≥1 fracture, and continuous enrollment in a Humana insurance plan.

Can We Identify Minority Patients at Risk of Nonadherence to Antiplatelet Medication at the Time of Coronary Stent Placement?

Background: Lack of medication adherence is associated with significant morbidity and mortality, particularly among minorities. We aim to identify predictors of nonadherence to antiplatelet medications at the time of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) with stent among African American and Hispanic patients.

Methods: We used data collected for a randomized clinical trial that recruited 452 minority patients from a large US health insurance organization in 2010 post-PCI to compare telephone-based motivational interviewing by trained nurses with an educational video.

Historical cohort analysis of treatment patterns for patients with type 2 diabetes initiating metformin monotherapy.

Objective: To describe treatment regimen changes of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) initiating metformin monotherapy, and assess factors associated with those changes 12 months post-initiation.

Methods: Retrospective cohort analysis of medical, pharmacy and laboratory claims of 17,527 Medicare Advantage (MAPD) Humana members aged 18-89, who had ≥1 medical claim with primary diagnosis or ≥2 medical claims with secondary diagnosis of T2DM (ICD-9-CM code 250.x0 or 250.

Relationship of diabetes complications severity to healthcare utilization and costs among Medicare Advantage beneficiaries.

Objectives: This study evaluated the usefulness of the Diabetes Complications Severity Index (DCSI) in assessing healthcare resource utilization (HRU) and costs among Medicare Advantage plan members diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

Study Design: A retrospective cohort study of medical and pharmacy claims of 333,576 Medicare members aged 18 to 89 years with ≥1 medical claim with primary diagnosis or ≥2 medical claims with secondary diagnosis, of T2DM (International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification code 250.x0 or 250.

Can phone-based motivational interviewing improve medication adherence to antiplatelet medications after a coronary stent among racial minorities? A randomized trial.

Background: Minorities have lower adherence to cardiovascular medications and have worst cardiovascular outcomes post coronary stent placement

Objective: The aim of this study is to compare the efficacy of phone-delivered Motivational Interviewing (MINT) to an educational video at improving adherence to antiplatelet medications among insured minorities.

Design: This was a randomized study.

Participants: We identified minorities with a recently placed coronary stent from an administrative data set by using a previously validated algorithm.

Racial/ethnic and gender differences in severity of diabetes-related complications, health care resource use, and costs in a Medicare population.

This retrospective cohort study evaluated associations of race/ethnicity and gender with outcomes of diabetes complications severity, health care resource utilization (HRU), and costs among Medicare Advantage health plan members with type 2 diabetes (T2DM). Medical and pharmacy claims were evaluated for 333,576 members continuously enrolled from January 1, 2010, to December 31, 2011, aged 18-89 years, with ≥1 primary diagnosis medical claim, or ≥2 claims with a secondary diagnosis of T2DM (International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification code 250.x0 or 250.

Association of teriparatide adherence and persistence with clinical and economic outcomes in Medicare Part D recipients: a retrospective cohort study.

Background: Improper medication adherence is associated with increased morbidity, healthcare costs, and fracture risk among patients with osteoporosis. The objective of this study was to evaluate the healthcare utilization patterns of Medicare Part D beneficiaries newly initiating teriparatide, and to assess the association of medication adherence and persistence with bone fracture.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study assessed medical and pharmacy claims of 761 Medicare members initiating teriparatide in 2008 and 2009.

An epidemiologic transition of cardiovascular disease risk in Carriacou and Petite Martinique, Grenada: the Grenada Heart Project, 2005-2007.

Introduction: The epidemiologic transition has made chronic disease a major health threat in the Caribbean and throughout the world. Our objective was to examine the pattern of lifestyle factors associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD) in Grenada and to determine whether the prevalence of CVD risk factors differs by subgroups.

Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study of adult Grenadians between 2005 and 2007.

Can claims-based data be used to recruit black and Hispanic subjects into clinical trials?

Objective: Evaluate the accuracy of an algorithm at identifying ethnic minorities from administrative claims for enrollment into a clinical trial.

Data Sources/study Setting: Claims data from a health benefits company.

Study Design: We compared results of a three-step algorithm to self-reported race/ethnicity.

Methylphenidate improves aspects of executive function in African American children with ADHD.

Objective: The undertreatment of ethnic minority children with ADHD prompted a study on the effects of methylphenidate (MPH) on the executive functions of African American children with ADHD.

Method: Nineteen African American children with ADHD are tested on the Tower of Hanoi (TOH) and the Paired Associates Learning Task (PAL) in a double-blind crossover acute challenge of MPH and placebo.

Results: Under MPH, TOH rule breaks decrease, especially in the second testing session, and TOH planning time increases, particularly for incorrect solutions; PAL recall in the final learning trial improves with MPH.

Recruitment of physician offices for an office-based adolescent smoking cessation study.

Physician office settings play an important role in tobacco cessation intervention. However, few tobacco cessation trials are conducted at these sites, in part because of the many challenges associated with recruiting community physician offices into research. The present study identified and implemented strategies for recruiting physician offices into a randomized clinical trial of tobacco screening and cessation interventions with adolescent patients.

Executive functioning deficits in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder are independent of oppositional defiant or reading disorder.

Objective: To evaluate deficits of executive functions in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) classified by type (combined [CT] or predominantly inattentive [IT]) and comorbidity with oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) and reading disorder (RD).

Method: The Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST) and Tower of Hanoi (TOH) were administered to 28 community volunteers and 359 children (7.5-13.