Management of circumscribed choroidal hemangioma at a tertiary care center.

Purpose: To review long-term outcomes of circumscribed choroidal hemangioma (CCH).

Methods: Hospital charts of all CCH cases diagnosed from 2008 to 2019 were retrospectively reviewed.

Results: All 172 patients were managed with either observation, transpupillary thermotherapy, argon laser photocoagulation, photodynamic therapy, plaque brachytherapy or stereotactic radiosurgery.

The Pediatric and Young Adult Choroidal and Ciliary Body Melanoma Genetic Study, A Survey by the European Ophthalmic Oncology Group.

Purpose: To explore the genetic background of choroidal and ciliary body melanoma among children and young adults, with special focus on BAP1 germline variants in this age group.

Methods: Patients under the age of 25 and with confirmed choroidal or ciliary body melanoma were included in this retrospective, multicenter observational study. Nuclear BAP1 immunopositivity was used to evaluate the presence of functional BAP1 in the tumor.

Role of hypofractionated stereotactic radiotherapy for primary optic nerve sheath meningioma.

Background: Optic nerve sheath meningiomas (ONSM) are rare tumors potentially causing visual deficits. This study aims to report the anatomic and visual outcomes of patients with primary ONSM treated with hypofractionated stereotactic radiotherapy (HF-SRT).

Methods: Data of 36 patients treated with HF-SRT between 2008 and 2019 were retrospectively collected.

Comprehensive analysis of orbital lymphoma in a Turkish cohort: clinical characteristics, histological subtypes, treatment modalities, prognostic factors, and implications for management.

The study analysed the clinical characteristics, treatment approaches, and survival outcomes of 97 consecutive patients with orbital lymphoma (OL) over a 25-year period at. The median age of the patients was 57.6 years, and 59.

Modulation of AMPK Significantly Alters Uveal Melanoma Tumor Cell Viability.

Introduction: Uveal melanoma (UM) responds poorly to targeted therapies or immune checkpoint inhibitors. Adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is a pivotal serine/threonine protein kinase that coordinates vital processes such as cell growth. Targeting AMPK pathway, which represents a critical mechanism mediating the survival of UM cells, may prove to be a novel treatment strategy for UM.

International Olympic Committee (IOC) consensus paper on sports-related ophthalmology issues in elite sports.

Vision plays an important role in an athletes' success. In sports, nearly 80% of perceptual input is visual, and eye health and sports medicine are closely intertwined fields of utmost importance to athletes. The physical nature of sports activities renders individuals more prone to various eye injuries than the general population.

Every other day stereotactic radiation therapy for the treatment of uveal melanoma decreases toxicity.

Background And Purpose: To report the long-term results of stereotactic radiosurgery and fractionated stereotactic radiation therapy (SRS/FSRT) in patients with uveal melanoma (UM).

Materials And Methods: We retrospectively evaluated the results of patients treated between 2007 and 2019. The primary endpoints were local control (LC), local recurrence-free survival (LRFS), enucleation-free survival (EFS) and treatment toxicity.

Spontaneous Partial Regression of Bilateral Grade III Corneal Dermoids Associated With Fetal Valproate Spectrum Disorder.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to describe a rare case of a child with bilateral central corneal dermoids (grade III) in association with fetal valproate spectrum disorder (FVSD) and to report the spontaneous regression of these tumors.

Methods: Clinical records of a 14-month-old child whose mother took sodium valproate all along her pregnancy were retrospectively reviewed. The diagnosis of FVSD was made based on phenotypic features and associated congenital malformations.

Dual ophthalmic arteries: a new case.

We report one retinoblastoma patient with dual ophthalmic arteries (also known as "double ophthalmic arteries") arising from the internal carotid artery which fuse with each other inside the orbit. The caudal ophthalmic artery with larger caliber originated from the cavernous segment of internal carotid artery and passed through the superior orbital fissure. The cranial and tiny one arose more cranially from the supraclinoid internal carotid artery and passed through the optic canal.

Evaluation of HSP-27, BAP1, BRAF V600E, CCR7, and PD-L1 expression in uveal melanoma on enucleated eyes and metastatic liver tumors.

Background: The presence of metastatic disease is one of the most important factors limiting survival in patients with uveal melanoma. Studies on proteins associated with metastatic mechanisms are sparse in the literature.

Methods: Enucleation samples from 15 patients with metastatic uveal melanoma (Group 1), liver metastasectomy samples from 8 patients with metastatic uveal melanoma (Group 2), and enucleation samples from 20 patients with non-metastatic uveal melanoma as controls (Group 3) were included in the study.

Radiotherapy-induced alterations in vitreous humor: A new potential critical structure.

Vitreous humor (VH) is not considered as a critical structure in the radiotherapy planning process. In the present study, an experimental animal model was performed to examine the effects of radiotherapy on VH. The right eyes of twelve New Zealand rabbits were irradiated to 60 Gy in 3 fractions in accordance with the scheme used in the treatment of uveal melanoma in our clinic, and contralateral (left) eyes were considered as control.

Periocular apocrine adenocarcinoma presenting as an orbital mass: clinicopathological features and management in four patients.

Purpose: Apocrine adenocarcinoma is a cutaneous adnexal malignancy which can rarely arise from ocular structures. In this retrospective study, we report our experience with four patients who had primary periocular apocrine adenocarcinoma initially presenting with an orbital tumor.

Methods: Data extracted included demographics, clinical, imaging, and histopathological features, and treatment outcomes.

Management of cataracts secondary to intravitreal chemotherapy injections for retinoblastoma seeding.

Purpose: To report our experience in the management of cataracts presumably due to intravitreal chemotherapy administration in eyes with vitreous disease associated with retinoblastoma.

Methods: This retrospective study consisted of a cohort of five eyes of five retinoblastoma patients who developed cataracts secondary to intravitreal chemotherapy administration and who then underwent cataract surgery. All patients underwent lensectomy and anterior vitrectomy with/without intraocular lens implantation via clear corneal approach.

Adjuvant therapy of histopathological risk factors of retinoblastoma in Europe: A survey by the European Retinoblastoma Group (EURbG).

Introduction: Advanced intraocular retinoblastoma can be cured by enucleation, but spread of retinoblastoma cells beyond the natural limits of the eye is related to a high mortality. Adjuvant therapy after enucleation has been shown to prevent metastasis in children with risk factors for extraocular retinoblastoma. However, histological criteria and adjuvant treatment regimens vary and there is no unifying consensus on the optimal choice of treatment.

Current Management of Conjunctival Melanoma Part 2: Treatment and Future Directions.

Conjunctival melanoma is a rare disease which requires tailored management in most cases. The mainstays of treatment can be classified as surgery, topical chemotherapy, radiotherapy, cryotherapy, and other emerging treatment modalities. Herein we review conventional approaches as well as more recently introduced treatment options, together with advances in molecular biology in this particular disease.

Current Management of Conjunctival Melanoma Part 1: Clinical Features, Diagnosis and Histopathology.

Conjunctival melanoma is a rare disease which makes up approximately 5% of ocular melanomas. The lesion may occur de novo or originate from a pre-existing nevus or primary acquired melanosis. Biomicroscopy is of paramount importance in diagnosis and follow-up of the disease, while other diagnostic modalities serve as supplementary tools.

Single shot echo planar imaging (ssEPI) single shot turbo spin echo (ssTSE) DWI of the orbit in patients with ocular melanoma.

Objectives: Diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) has become important for orbital imaging. However, the echoplanar imaging (EPI) DWI has inherent obstacles due to susceptibility to magnetic field inhomogeneities. We conducted a comparative study assessing the image quality of orbits in a patient cohort with uveal melanoma (UM).

Primary Ciliary Body Marginal Zone Lymphoma Presenting as Hemorrhagic Hypopyon.

Purpose: Our purpose is to report a patient with primary unilateral ciliary body marginal zone lymphoma who initially presented with hemorrhagic hypopyon.

Methods: Retrospective review of the clinical, imaging, and immunohistopathological features of the case was performed.

Results: A 59-year-old man was referred with right anterior uveitis of unknown etiology which was unresponsive to systemic treatment.

Recurrence of a Totally Excised Cavernous Venous Malformation 25 Years Later.

Recurrence of cavernous venous malformation is exceedingly rare. In 1995, a 16-year-old woman was referred for left axial proptosis. Her left visual acuity was 20/200, and there were choroidal folds in the OS.

Comparison of intravitreal melphalan with and without topotecan in the management of vitreous disease in retinoblastoma.

Purpose: To evaluate clinical outcomes and enucleation rates after intravitreal melphalan (IVM) alone and after IVM combined with intravitreal topotecan (IVT) for the treatment of vitreous disease, and to a lesser extent subretinal and retrohyaloid seeds, in patients with retinoblastoma.

Study Design: A retrospective analysis of 77 eyes of 72 consecutive patients.

Methods: Demographic data, classification of tumors, seed type (dust, sphere or cloud) before injection and at the end of follow-up, injection type (IVM or IVM+IVT), doses of IVM and IVT, number of injections, follow-up time, enucleation status and side effects were recorded.

Global Retinoblastoma Presentation and Analysis by National Income Level.

Importance: Early diagnosis of retinoblastoma, the most common intraocular cancer, can save both a child's life and vision. However, anecdotal evidence suggests that many children across the world are diagnosed late. To our knowledge, the clinical presentation of retinoblastoma has never been assessed on a global scale.

Corneal Relapse of Peripheral T-Cell Lymphoma Under Systemic Chemotherapy.

Purpose: To report a patient who developed unilateral corneal stromal infiltration while undergoing systemic chemotherapy for multinodal peripheral T-cell lymphoma not otherwise specified.

Methods: Clinical, imaging, and immunohistopathological features of a 40-year-old woman who presented with a stromal haze in the right cornea were reviewed.

Results: At initial presentation, her visual acuity in the right eye was 20/40.

Retrospective analysis of primarily treated group D retinoblastoma.

Purpose: To assess the effectiveness of intra-arterial chemotherapy (IAC), intravenous chemotherapy (IVC), and their combination in the management of group D retinoblastoma.

Methods: This was a retrospective, interventional, comparative, and non-randomized clinical study, including all eyes with primarily treated group D retinoblastoma managed in a single institution from February 2010 to July 2016. Patient demographics, treatment modality (primary enucleation, intravenous chemotherapy, intra-arterial chemotherapy alone or intravenous, and intra-arterial chemotherapy), additional need for consolidation treatments or intravitreal melphalan (IVM) injections, and follow-up time were recorded.

Mesenchymal Chondrosarcoma of the Lacrimal Gland.

A 23-year-old woman presented with right-sided painless proptosis that developed in 12 months. MRI studies demonstrated a well-delineated tumorous enlargement of the right lacrimal gland with homogenous signal intensity and compressing the globe. The tumor was removed totally and in 1 piece with the tentative diagnosis of a pleomorphic adenoma.