Investigation of the diagnostic importance and accuracy of CT in the chest compared to the RT-PCR test for suspected COVID-19 patients in Jordan.

This article aims to synthesize the existing literature on the implementation of public policies to incentivize the development of treatments for rare diseases, (diseases with very low prevalence and therefore with low commercial interest) otherwise known as orphan drugs. The implementation of these incentives in the United States (US), Japan, and in the European Union (EU) seems to be related to a substantial increase in treatments for these diseases, and has influenced the way the pharmaceutical research & development (R&D) system operates beyond this policy area. Despite the success of the Orphan Drug model, the academic literature also highlights the negative implications that these public policies have on affordability and access to orphan drugs, as well as on the prioritization of certain disease rare areas over others.

The implications of increased mammographic breast density for breast screening in Jordan.

Introduction: Mammographic breast density is associated with a four to six times increased risk for breast cancer. Mammographic breast density varies by ethnicity, geographical region and age. The aim of this study was to document for the first time the mammographic breast density of Jordanian women and to explore its relationship with age.

Mammographic Breast Density Profile of Jordanian Women With Normal and Breast Cancer Findings.

Purpose: To document the mammographic breast density (MBD) distribution of Jordanian women and the relationship with MBD with age. Correlation between breast cancer diagnosis and density was also explored.

Methods: A retrospective review of 660 screening mammograms from King Abdullah University Hospital was conducted.

Establishment of diagnostic reference levels in cardiac computed tomography.

The aim of this study was to determine diagnostic reference levels (DRLs) for cardiac computed tomography (CCT) in Jordan. Volume computed tomography dose index (CTDI ) and dose-length product (DLP) were collected from 228 CCTs performed at seven Jordanian hospitals specialized in cardiac CT. DRLs for cardiac CT were defined at the 75th percentile of CTDI and DLP.

Diagnostic reference levels for paediatric CT in Jordan.

This study aimed to investigate the current status of Diagnostic Reference Levels (DRLs) in paediatric CT across Jordan. The dose data for four main CT examinations (brain, chest, abdominopelvic, and chest, abdomen and pelvis (CAP)) in hospitals and imaging centres (n = 4) were measured. The volume CT dose index (CTDI) and Dose Length Product (DLP) values were compared within the different hospitals and age groups (<1 year, 1-4 years, 5-10 years and 11-18 years).

Knowledge and practice of computed tomography exposure parameters amongst radiographers in Jordan.

Objective: To investigate the knowledge and practice of computed tomography (CT) radiographers working in Jordan.

Materials And Methods: This Institutional Review Board (IRB) approved study disseminated a questionnaire via social media and recruited 54 Jordanian CT radiographers. The questionnaire comprised 36 questions divided into four sections: demographics; an evaluation of knowledge regarding CT exposure; modifications to CT exposure for paediatric patients; dose units and diagnostic reference levels (DRLs).

Compliance With Radiation Protection Practices Among Radiologists.

Background: Radiologists are at higher risk of adverse health effects due to their occupational radiation exposure; therefore, applying protection techniques is imperative. Studies on radiologists' compliance in this regard are scarce. We aimed to assess compliance with radiation safety practices among radiologists.

Asymptomatic Effect of Occupational Radiation Exposure on Thyroid Gland Hormones and Thyroid Gland Ultrasonographic Abnormalities.

Data evaluating the effect of asymptomatic effects of radiation on thyroid hormone panels and ultrasonographic abnormalities among radiology technologists are scarce. This study aimed to determine the asymptomatic effect of radiation in a total of 39 male and 11 female exposed radiology technologists working in radiology departments, and a total of 34 male and 16 female age-matched controls working in other departments in the same hospital. The level of triiodothyronine (T₃), thyroxine (T₄) and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) were evaluated using Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA).

Medical Radiation Knowledge among Patients in Local Hospitals.

Objective: Evaluation of patient knowledge regarding radiation and its associated risks can identify knowledge gaps, providing an opportunity to increase patient awareness and understanding of medical radiation. The aims of this study were to evaluate the awareness level of patients regarding medical radiation types used in medical diagnostic imaging and to correlate them with the availability of radiation information provided upon examination.

Methods: A qualified radiographer distributed a multiple choice questionnaire in four major Jordanian hospitals, including three governmental hospitals and one university hospital.

Work-related Stress, Musculoskeletal Disorder Complaints, and Stress Symptoms among Radiographers in the Northern Part of Jordan.

Objective: The aims of this study were to report the variation in work-related stressor (WRS) and musculoskeletal disorder (MSD) complaints across three major hospitals in the northern part of Jordan and to examine the correlations between stressors, MSD complaints, and stress symptoms using a questionnaire.

Methods: A qualified radiographer distributed a questionnaire in the radiology department at three hospitals, including a governmental public hospital (GH), a university educational hospital (UH), and a private hospital (PH). The questionnaire included demographic, WRS, management and responsibility stressors, stress symptoms, stress relievers, and MSD complaints sections.