Health care providers' comfort caring for trauma-exposed patients in the primary care setting: A mixed methods approach.

Introduction: Patients seeking primary care often present with health concerns related to psychological trauma, highlighting the importance of health care providers' (HCPs) comfort discussing trauma in the primary care setting. This study used mixed methods, including qualitative content analysis, to (1) document HCPs' trauma-related comfort levels and factors contributing to discomfort and (2) examine the associations between provider-level factors and comfort.

Materials And Methods: Direct patient care providers (74.

Pathways to hypermutation in high-grade gliomas: Mechanisms, syndromes, and opportunities for immunotherapy.

Despite rapid advances in the field of immunotherapy, including the success of immune checkpoint inhibition in treating multiple cancer types, clinical response in high-grade gliomas (HGGs) has been disappointing. This has been in part attributed to the low tumor mutational burden (TMB) of the majority of HGGs. Hypermutation is a recently characterized glioma signature that occurs in a small subset of cases, which may open an avenue to immunotherapy.

Rural populations facilitated early SARS-CoV-2 evolution and transmission in Missouri, USA.

In the United States, rural populations comprise 60 million individuals and suffered from high COVID-19 disease burdens. Despite this, surveillance efforts are biased toward urban centers. Consequently, how rurally circulating SARS-CoV-2 viruses contribute toward emerging variants remains poorly understood.

Brief trauma-informed care training to enhance health care providers' knowledge, comfort, and implementation of trauma-informed care in primary care clinics: A pilot effectiveness study.

Trauma-informed care (TIC) training may be valuable for patient-facing health care providers within primary care in urban health care settings serving patients with high levels of trauma exposure. This study tested the pilot effectiveness of a clinic-wide TIC initiative to enhance providers' knowledge, comfort in caring for trauma-exposed patients, and implementation of TIC within a primary care clinic of an urban safety net hospital using a single-arm longitudinal within-subjects design. Measures were obtained at baseline (T1), posttraining (T2), 1-month (T3), and 6-months (T4).

Primary Care Providers' Knowledge, Perceptions, and Practice of Trauma-Informed Care in a Public Health Care Setting.

Despite serving patients with especially high rates of trauma exposure and related sequelae, many primary care providers do not receive specialized training in the provision of trauma-informed care (TIC). This study sought to document primary care providers' baseline rates of TIC training and their knowledge, perceptions, and practice of TIC at a large, urban public hospital in the Southeastern United States. Participants (n = 67; 68.

The Association Between Thyroid Stimulating Hormone and Depression: A Historical Cohort Study.

Objective: To investigate the association between thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and clinically relevant depression (CRD) in a population-based study.

Patients And Methods: Adult patients (≥18 years of age) who received care at Mayo Clinic in Rochester, Minnesota, and completed a TSH and Patient Health Questionnaire - 9 (PHQ-9) within 6 months of each other, between July 8, 2017, and August 31, 2021, were included. Demographics, medical comorbidities, thyroid function laboratory data, psychotropic medications, presence of primary thyroid disorder, thyroid hormone replacement (T4 and/or T3), and mood disorder diagnoses (using International Classification of Diseases, 10 version, Clinical Modifications codes) were extracted electronically.

Evaluating the Performance of the Primary Care Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Screen for DSM-5 (PC-PTSD-5) in a Trauma-Exposed, Socioeconomically Vulnerable Patient Population.

The properties and utility of the Primary Care PTSD Screen for DSM-5 (PC-PTSD-5) remain unstudied in community-based populations. This study evaluates the performance of the PC-PTSD-5 to determine whether it can be used as a brief alternative to the PTSD Checklist for DSM-5 (PCL-5) in a large public hospital in the southeastern United States. Participants (N = 422; 92.

Downward National Trends in Mental Health Treatment Offered in Spanish: State Differences by Proportion of Hispanic Residents.

Objective: This study aimed to determine how the prevalence of mental health treatment facilities that offer services in Spanish has changed over time in the United States.

Methods: Data from the National Mental Health Services Survey conducted in 2014 (N=13,015 facilities) and 2019 (N=12,345 facilities) were used to measure changes in the proportions of facilities that offered treatment in Spanish overall and by year, state, and proportion of Hispanic residents. Descriptive statistics were used to illustrate state-level changes in services offered in Spanish.

Systematic literature review of insulin dose adjustments when initiating hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis.

Chronically uncontrolled hyperglycemia is the leading cause of end stage kidney disease (ESKD) necessitating dialysis. During times of transition to hemodialysis (HD) or peritoneal dialysis (PD), considerations must be given to insulin dosing adjustments for persons with diabetes (PWD) in efforts to maintain glycemic control. However, the literature is sparse with few clear and direct practical clinical recommendations for therapeutic insulin dosing adjustments in PWD and ESKD.

The interplay of pineal hormones and socioeconomic status leading to colorectal cancer disparity.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third leading cause of cancer-related deaths in the United States. Despite increased screening options and state-of-art treatments offered in clinics, racial differences remain in CRC. African Americans (AAs) are disproportionately affected by the disease; the incidence and mortality are higher in AAs than Caucasian Americans (CAs).

Effect of the Thermal Treatment of Fe/N/C Catalysts for the Oxygen Reduction Reaction Synthesized by Pyrolysis of Covalent Organic Frameworks.

A nitrogen-containing covalent organic framework obtained from the polymerization of 1,3-dicyanobenzene has been used as a starting material for the synthesis of Fe/N/C catalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). In this work we report the effect of the thermal treatments on the nature and catalytic properties of the catalysts obtained after the thermal treatments. After the first thermal treatment, the catalysts obtained contain metallic iron and iron carbide particles, along with a minority fraction of inorganic FeN sites.

Identifying community needs of the Hispanic faith community to develop a research agenda.

Objective: To conduct a community health needs assessment among the Hispanic faith community population to develop a community-partnered research agenda.

Design: A cross-sectional design was used to conduct a community needs assessment using a community-based participatory research approach SAMPLE: Hispanic faith community members in Central Arkansas.

Measurement: Data collection was led by Hispanic faith leaders using an audience response system at places of worship.

African American Clergy Recommendations to Enhance the Federal Plan to End the HIV Epidemic: A Qualitative Study.

African Americans in the southern United States continue to be disproportionately affected by HIV. Although faith-based organizations (FBOs) play important roles in the social fabric of African American communities, few HIV screening, care, and PrEP promotion efforts harness the power of FBOs. We conducted 11 focus groups among 57 prominent African American clergy from Arkansas, Mississippi, and Alabama.

A Qualitative Exploration of Women's Lives and Resilience in Substance Use Disorder Recovery.

Objective: This study sought to explore constructs of the Whole Health resilience model to identify potential intervention and local research opportunities as a precursor to intervention development, as well as to describe women's resilience in Substance Use Disorder (SUD) recovery including current strengths, coping, self-care, needs and priorities in the context of their everyday lives.

Methods: Qualitative data were collected from December 2018 to January 2020 in the Mid-South United States. In-depth interviews of 17 women age 25 to 65 years in SUD recovery for 2 weeks or longer were conducted in 9 different settings including a Medication Assisted Treatment (MAT) hospital setting, a MAT pilot program in a community corrections setting, an incarceration re-entry residential program, community-based peer support organizations (eg, Narcotics Anonymous, Alcoholics Anonymous), a residential SUD treatment facility and a yoga teachers' online group.

Characterizing Firearm Assault Injury Among Young Black Men Using Arkansas Hospital Discharge Data.

Using statewide hospital discharge data from 2005 to 2014, this study aimed to describe and identify predictors of firearm assault among young Black men ages 18 to 44 in Arkansas. Descriptive analyses of data were performed for patient demographics (age, marital status, residential location, etc.), injury, and health care information (hospital charges, length of stay, mortality, time, day and season of injury, etc.

Translocation of flexible and tensioned ssDNA through designed hydrophobic nanopores with two constrictions.

Protein-inspired nanopores with hydrophobic constriction regions have previously been shown to offer some promise for DNA sequencing. Here we explore a series of pores with two hydrophobic constrictions. The impact of nanopore radius, the nature of residues that define the constriction region and the flexibility of the ssDNA is explored.

An Exploratory Study of the Acceptability and Feasibility of Yoga Among Women in Substance Use Disorder Recovery.

This qualitative study explored the acceptability and feasibility of yoga among women in substance use disorder (SUD) recovery. Seventeen women in SUD recovery for 2 weeks or longer were recruited from nine sites in the mid-South, including a Medication-Assisted Treatment clinic in a hospital setting, prison re-entry housing, community-based peer support organizations (e.g.

Fast and Highly Selective Continuous-Flow Catalytic Hydrogenation of a Cafestol-Kahweol Mixture Obtained from Green Coffee Beans.

This work investigates batch and continuous-flow heterogeneous catalytic hydrogenation of a mixture of cafestol and kahweol (C&K) to obtain pure cafestol. These diterpenes were extracted from green coffee beans, and hydrogenation was performed using well-established palladium catalysts (Pd/C, Pd/CaCO, Pd/BaSO, and Pd/AlO) and a carbon black-supported Pd catalyst coated by a covalently tethered SiO shell with mesoporous texture (Pd/CB@SiO), all partially deactivated with quinoline. Pd/C 10% poisoned with 1 wt % quinoline gave the best result for batch reaction, producing cafestol from kahweol with high selectivity (>99%) after 10 min.

Improving Depression Screening in Underserved Populations in a Large Urban Academic Primary Care Center: A Provider-Centered Analysis and Approach.

Screening for depression is paramount to identify patients with depression and link them to care, yet only 29% of patients in the primary care center (PCC) were screened for depression in 2016. A baseline survey identified provider barriers to depression screening, including lack of time, support staff, and referral resources. The purpose of this project was to increase depression screening in the PCC using the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-2/9).

Distinct Cortical-Thalamic-Striatal Circuits through the Parafascicular Nucleus.

The thalamic parafascicular nucleus (PF), an excitatory input to the basal ganglia, is targeted with deep-brain stimulation to alleviate a range of neuropsychiatric symptoms. Furthermore, PF lesions disrupt the execution of correct motor actions in uncertain environments. Nevertheless, the circuitry of the PF and its contribution to action selection are poorly understood.

Chronic Cutaneous Lupus Erythematosus: Depression Burden and Associated Factors.

Objectives: Depression may occur in up to 30% of individuals with cutaneous lupus erythematosus (CLE), many of whom may also have systemic manifestations. Chronic cutaneous lupus erythematosus (CCLE) conditions are less likely to present systemic involvement than acute and subacute conditions but more often cause permanent scarring and dyspigmentation. However, little is known about depression in those who have CCLE confined to the skin (primary CCLE).

Fostering Cultural Competence in Nursing Students Through International Service Immersion Experiences.

Using an ethnographical case study method, faculty members examined senior nursing students' experiences and learning during a cultural immersion service-learning trip in Haiti. Pediatric care was emphasized, as well as cultural awareness and competency. Following thematic analysis, students' guided reflections revealed common themes: knowledge and skills, culture, healthcare, and challenges and opportunities.